Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098 β-甘露聚糖酶的克隆、表达及性质分析

本研究利用RT-PCR和RACE技术从Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098(一种食用真菌)中克隆出了β-甘露聚糖酶的全长cDNA,构建到pPICZaA载体上,并在毕赤酵母GS115中表达了含His标签的β-甘露聚糖酶(re-atMAN47)。该酶的全长cDNA共1481bp,编码445个氨基酸,序列分析表明该序列除含有β-甘露聚糖酶结构域外,还含有CBD和GHF5的结构域,因此可被归为糖苷水解酶家族5的一个新成员。诱导培养72h时重组酶活可达到1.067U/mL,蛋白含量为440mg/L。重组酶的最适反应温度为60°C,在30°C～65°C比较稳定;酶促最适pH为5.5、4.5～7.0之间比较稳定。这是首次关于Armillariella. tabescens EJLY2098产β-甘露聚糖酶的报道,得到了一个有较好热稳定性、pH稳定性和生物安全性的糖苷水解酶,将在饲料、食品、药物生产等方面有广泛的应用。     

Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098 β-甘露聚糖酶atMAN47的纯化及酶学性质分析

以魔芋精粉为唯一碳源, 对假蜜环菌(Armillariella tabescens) EJLY2098进行培养, 诱导其产生β-甘露聚糖酶。经DEAE－阴离子交换层析后, 分离纯化出β-甘露聚糖酶atMAN47。酶学性质分析: 该酶分子量约为47 kD, 酶的最适反应温度为50°C, 在pH 5.0~6.5之间该酶的稳定性较好; Na+ 和Ba2+ 对该酶有激活作用, 用TLC对酶产物分析, 表明该酶为内切β-甘露聚糖酶。该酶为偏酸性的内切甘露聚糖酶, 适合发展为饲料的酶制剂, 具有良好的应用前景。     

Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098β-甘露聚糖酶的诱导、纯化及酶学性质分析

Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098经魔芋精粉诱导,可产β-甘露聚糖酶,再用正交实验优化诱导培养基,结果在培养基为魔芋精粉2％、蛋白胨1％、土豆汁25％、KH2PO4 0.3％、MgSO4·7H2O 0.15％、维生素B1 0.01％时可诱导出较高活性的酶。用DEAE－阴离子交换色谱从培养上清分离纯化β-甘露聚糖酶,出现2个活性组份。 活性组份P2 的SDS-PAGE分析,发现为电泳纯的一条带,分子量约78.9kD。 HPTLC分析, P2为内切β-甘露聚糖酶;酶反应的最适温度为60℃,最适pH 为4.0～6.0。保温30min的半失活温度t1/2为63℃,在pH 4.5～6.0之间稳定性较好。Na+和Ba2+对其有激活作用,等电点pI约为4.0～4.1。本研究获得了一株产β-甘露聚糖酶的新菌种,为进一步用基因工程方法克隆并构建具有完整自主知识产权的重组β-甘露聚糖酶基因工程菌提供了一个重要的基础工作。     

里氏木霉内切-β-甘露聚糖酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

采用PCR方法从里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)基因组中获得含有两个内含子的内切-β-甘露聚糖酶全长基因,末端重叠延伸PCR去除内含子后,将其插入到巴斯德毕赤酵母(Picher pastoris)表达载体pPIC9K中,位于α-因子信号肽序列的下游,并与之同框,获得重组质粒pM242。重组质粒线性化后用电击法转化毕赤酵母菌株GS115。经大量筛选,获得高效分泌表达内切甘露聚糖酶的毕赤酵母工程菌株Gpmf25。摇瓶发酵结果表明,培养基中甘露聚糖酶的活力可达12.5IU/mL。重组酶最适pH和最适反应温度分别为5.0和80℃,在pH5.0～6.0时酶活稳定,在pH5.4时70℃保温30min酶活维持50％以上。     

耐酸性黑曲霉β-甘露聚糖酶的克隆及其在毕赤酵母中的表达分析

目的:克隆黑曲霉β-甘露聚糖酶基因,研究该基因在毕赤酵母中的表达情况。方法:运用RT-PCR从黑曲霉AN070902中克隆β-甘露聚糖酶cDNA片段,与载体pPIC9K相连,构建重组载体VMAN-pPIC9K,电转化毕赤酵母GS115,筛选产酶最高菌株进行5 L液体发酵,对该菌株所产重组酶进行酶学性质分析。结果:克隆获得1152 bpcDNA,编码由383个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白质,该蛋白质属于GH5家族,理论pI和相对分子质量分别为4.48和41.6×103;筛选获得的重组菌株VMAN-pPIC9K-GS115在5 L液体发酵中上清酶活达11 785 U/mL;表达的重组酶是一种酸性β-甘露聚糖酶,最适反应pH值为3.0,经pH2.0～9.0处理2 h后剩余酶活保持90%以上;该重组酶最适反应温度为65℃,70℃处理1 h后剩余酶活保持75%以上;该重组酶活性被1 mmol/L的Fe3+和Mn2+显著抑制,被1mmol/L的Co2+显著激活。结论:重组耐酸性β-甘露聚糖酶的特性,决定了其在工业生产中,特别是动物饲料和食品加工中具有应用价值。     

重组海栖热袍菌极耐热甘露聚糖酶的纯化和性质研究

研究了海栖热袍菌(Thermotoga maritima)MSB8甘露聚糖酶基因(TM_1227)的克隆、重组酶的纯化和性质.该基因全序列2010 bp,编码669个氨基酸,分子量为76.827 kD.根据氨基酸同源性分析,该β-甘露聚糖酶与Thermotoga sp.RQ2来源的β-甘露聚糖酶(GenBank登录号ACB09927.1)同源性最高,为99%.重组转化子经IPTG诱导酶比活可达39.7 U/mg蛋白.粗酶液经金属亲和层析,得到电泳纯甘露聚糖酶.以槐豆胶为底物时,该酶的最适反应温度和pH分别为95℃和pH 8.0,85℃处理30min酶活保存50%以上,很有潜力用于高温、偏碱性的造纸工业.对椰子甘露聚糖和槐豆胶的主要水解产物是不同聚合度的甘露寡糖,几乎没有单糖生成,适合生产低聚甘露糖.     

黑曲霉嗜热β-甘露聚糖酶在毕赤酵母中的克隆表达及其魔芋降解产物分析

根据毕赤酵母密码子偏好性优化设计合成一段来自黑曲霉BK01的嗜热β-甘露聚糖酶基因,通过构建表达载体pPICZαA-man线性化后电转化入不同的毕赤酵母宿主,获得最佳重组菌KM71-MAN,其发酵罐发酵酶活最高达2 318.85 IU/mL。表达产物纯化后的分子量约为40 kD,最适反应温度为80℃,最适pH为5.0。该酶在70℃(pH5.0)保温44 h仍能保留43%的酶活力且在pH3.0-7.0范围内保温70 h(50℃)酶活力仍能保留85%以上。利用发酵罐所产重组酶酶解魔芋胶制备甘露低聚糖,产物以甘露二糖和甘露六糖为主,甘露低聚糖得率为55.6%。该重组β-甘露聚糖酶具有良好的热稳定性和pH稳定性,在魔芋制备甘露低聚糖中具有较好的应用潜能。     

芽孢杆菌β-甘露聚糖酶基因的克隆及表达

从新疆极端干燥环境土壤样品中筛选到具有高β-甘露聚糖酶活性的芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.MX).运用PCR技术从该菌基因组中克隆得到β-甘露聚糖酶基因,连接到表达载体pET-28a上.在大肠杆菌BL21中高效表达的基因产物经亲和层析纯化,SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分析显示该蛋白的相对分子质量为41 kD.酶学性质分析表明该酶在25～95℃,pH3.0～9.6范围内均具有酶活.最适作用温度55℃和pH值5.0,酶比活力为4 572 U/mg.在最适pH 5.0,高温85℃和95℃分别处理10min后,该酶相对酶活力仍保持51%和34%,显示β-甘露聚糖酶具有较好的耐酸性和热稳定性.     

β-甘露聚糖酶产生菌的分离、鉴定及产β-甘露聚糖酶最适条件的研究

以采集的土壤样品为试验材料,经过富集培养及分离纯化,筛选出2株产β-甘露聚糖酶的菌株.采用摇瓶培养分别测定其酶活力,其中1株菌株酶活力较高,酶活力达50.36 U/ml.生理生化性质鉴定及16S rDNA序列相似性结果表明该菌为假单孢菌(Pseudomonas sp.).产酶的最适条件研究发现,1 g/100 ml玉米粉,2 g/100 ml魔芋粉,pH6.0,32℃为最优产酶条件,酶活力达185.37 U/ml,是优化前的3.68倍.该菌产酶迅速,培养12 h后已达产酶高峰.粗酶的性质研究发现,该酶是一种酸性的甘露聚糖酶,作用的最适pH为4.0,最适反应温度为55℃;该酶的稳定性较好,在pH4.0～6.0、温度为40～55℃保持较好的稳定性.     

枯草芽孢杆菌β-甘露聚糖酶在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达

目的:研制高效分泌表达枯草芽孢杆菌β-甘露聚糖酶的毕赤酵母基因工程菌株。方法与结果:将优化设计的枯草芽孢杆菌MA139β-甘露聚糖酶基因用EcoRⅠ/XbaⅠ双酶切,克隆到诱导型表达载体pPICzαA中α因子信号肽编码序列的下游,转化大肠杆菌筛选重组质粒,转化毕赤酵母X-33感受态细胞,经Zeocin筛选,获得重组表达菌株X-33/mann。将重组菌株在10L全自动发酵罐中进行高密度发酵培养,甲醇诱导72h发酵活力达到2100U/mL。重组甘露聚糖酶的最适催化温度为40℃,最适催化pH值为6.0。结论:枯草芽孢杆菌β-甘露聚糖酶在毕赤酵母中获得了高效分泌表达,具有开发作为饲料添加剂的潜能。     

Cloning and bioinformatic analysis of an acidophilic β-mannanase gene, Anman5A, from Aspergillus niger LW-1

Using 3′ and 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) techniques, the full-length cDNA sequence of the Anman5A, a gene that encodes an acidophilic β-mannanase of Aspergillus niger LW-1 (abbreviated to AnMan5A), was identified from the total RNA. The cDNA sequence was 1417 bp in length, harboring 5′- and 3′-untranslated regions, as well as an open reading frame (ORF) which encodes a 21-aa signal peptide, a 17-aa propeptide and a 345-aa mature peptide. Based on the topology of the phylogenetic tree of β-mannanases from glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 5, the AnMan5A belongs to the subfamily 7 of the GH family 5. Its 3-D structure was modeled by the bitemplate-based method using both MODELLER 9.9 and SALIGN programs, based on the known β-mannanase crystal structures of Trichoderma reesei (1QNO) and Lycopersicon esculentum (1RH9) from the GH family 5. In addition, the complete DNA sequence of the Anman5A was amplified from the genomic DNA using the pUCm-T vector-mediated PCR and conventional PCR methods. The DNA sequence was 1825 bp in length, containing a 5′-flanking regulatory region, 2 introns and 3 exons when compared with the full-length cDNA.     

嗜热子囊菌原变种Thermoascus aurantiacus var.aurantiacus热稳定几丁质酶的克隆表达及活性研究

研究通过RT-PCR和Tail-PCR技术从嗜热子囊菌原变种Thermoascus aurantiacus var.aurantiacus中克隆了一个几丁质酶同源基因。该基因全长1,253bp,包含一个由1,197个碱基构成的开放阅读框,编码398个氨基酸。序列比对分析表明,该基因编码蛋白属于糖苷水解酶18家族的几丁质酶。利用基因重组的方法构建酵母分泌型表达载体,并转化毕赤酵母。在甲醇的诱导下,重组蛋白得到了高效表达,第6天的表达量最高,达到0.433g/L,酶活力为28.96U/mg,同时对表达的几丁质酶进行了纯化,SDS-PAGE检测该蛋白的分子量为43.9kDa。该几丁质酶的最适反应温度为60℃,最适反应pH值为8.0,70℃处理30min仍有45%的相对酶活,具有较好的热稳定性及工业应用价值。     

Cloning and expression of the endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase gene from Paecilomyces sp. FLH30 and characterization of the recombinant enzyme

The cDNA encoding β-1,3(4)-glucanase, named PsBg16A, from Paecilomyces sp. FLH30 was cloned, sequenced, and over expressed in Pichia pastoris, with a yield of about 61,754 U mL?1 in a 5-L fermentor. PsBg16A has an open reading frame of 951 bp encoding 316 amino acids, and the deduced amino acid sequence of PsBg16A revealed that it belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 16. The purified recombinant PsBg16A had a pH optimum at 7.0 and a temperature optimum at 70 °C, and randomly hydrolyzed barley β-glucan, lichenin, and laminarin, suggesting that it is a typical endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.6) with broad substrate specificity for β-glucans.     

重组阿拉伯糖苷酶在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达及其活性分析

假密环菌是一种果树腐病菌,具有较强的分解代谢纤维素的能力。本文根据已克隆出的阿拉伯糖苷酶基因序列（Accession Number AJ620046）设计引物从假密环菌的mRNA中克隆出阿拉伯糖苷酶的ORF片段,构建重组质粒pPIC9-AF,与组氨酸标签融合,电转化毕赤酵母菌GS115并进行诱导表达。所得到的重组阿拉伯糖苷酶在30-35℃时有较高的酶活,最适反应活性pH值在6.0-8.0之间,而在pH4.0－8.0范围内酶活基本保持在80%以上,比大多已报道的阿拉伯糖苷酶最适pH范围宽。本研究工作对于高效表达重组阿拉伯糖苷酶以及对其进一步的酶学性质研究提供了一个良好的基础。     

Cloning and bioinformatics analysis of a novel acidophilic β-mannanase gene,Auman5A,from Aspergillus usamii YL-01-78

The full-length cDNA sequence, which encodes a novel acidophilic β-mannanase (abbreviated as AuMan5A) of Aspergillus usamii YL-01-78, was amplified by 3′ and 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) using the total RNA as template. The cDNA sequence is 1,427 bp in length, including 5′ and 3′ non-coding regions and an open reading frame (ORF). The ORF encodes a 21-aa signal peptide, a 17-aa propeptide, and a 345-aa mature peptide (AuMan5A) with the calculated M.W. of 37,614 Da and pI of 4.09 and two putative N-glycosylation sites. Online analysis of amino acid sequence homology demonstrated that the AuMan5A belongs to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 5. Its three-dimensional structure was predicted using Pred3D Web Server 1.0 based on the crystal structure of the T. reesei RutC-30 β-mannanase (1QNO) from the GH family 5. Furthermore, the complete DNA sequence encoding the AuMan5A, designated as Auman5A, was cloned from the genomic DNA of A. usamii YL-01-78 by the conventional PCR and pUCm-T vector-mediated PCR techniques. The cloned Auman5A is 2,168 bp in length, harboring 5′ and 3′ flanking regulatory regions and the full-length cDNA sequence in which two short introns with 63 and 60 bp are inserted, respectively.     

具蛋白酶抗性的Armillariella tabescens β-甘露聚糖酶MAN47的分子定向改造

利用定点突变的方法提高Armillariella tabescens β-甘露聚糖酶MAN47的胰蛋白酶抗性。首先根据其氨基酸序列,找到胰蛋白酶的水解位点—赖氨酸(Lys, K)和精氨酸(Arg, R),再利用生物信息学软件获得酶分子结构中K和R与周围溶剂的接触程度,选定暴露程度最大的K280为候选突变位点,进行模拟突变,并分析突变前后的氢键键长和整体结构的变化。根据氢键键长的变化,确定突变体为K280N。对K280N设计突变引物,用重叠延伸PCR技术对MAN47野生型man基因进行突变,PCR产物与大肠杆菌-酿酒酵母穿梭表达载体PYCα连接,在大肠杆菌DH5α中扩增后转入酿酒酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiae,经人工肠液(pH 6.8 10mg/ml胰蛋白酶溶液)筛选,得到抗胰蛋白酶的最佳突变株。结果表明突变酶在用人工肠液处理180min后,其半衰期为173min,而野生型酶为99min,其他酶学性质与野生型酶基本一致。     

A novel thermophilic endo-β-1,4-mannanase from Aspergillus nidulans XZ3: functional roles of carbohydrate-binding module and Thr/Ser-rich linker region

The gene man5XZ3 from Aspergillus nidulans XZ3 encodes a multimodular β-mannanase of glycoside hydrolase family 5 that consists of a family 1 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM1), a Thr/Ser-rich linker region, and a catalytic domain. Recombinant Man5XZ3 and its two truncated derivatives, Man5ΔCBM (removing the CBM1) and Man5ΔCL (removing both the CBM1 and linker region), were produced in Pichia pastoris and showed significant variance in the secondary structure. The three enzymes had similar biochemical properties, such as optimal pH and temperature (pH 5.0 and 80 °C) and excellent pH stability at pH 4.0–10.0. Removal of the CBM1 alone could improve the thermostability of Man5XZ3, but further removal of the linker region resulted in worse thermostability. Man5XZ3 retained greater enzyme activity in the presence of an organic solvent (acetone), two detergents (SDS and Triton X-100), and a chaotropic agent (urea) compared with Man5ΔCBM and Man5ΔCL. This study provides an excellent β-mannanase candidate favorable for various industries and primarily demonstrates the relationship between enzyme structure and function.