辛伐他汀对IFN-y诱导的人外周血单个核细胞OX40L表达的影响

目的：探讨经IFN-y刺激后,人外周血单个核细胞OX40L表达的变化,以及辛伐他汀对单个核细胞OX40L表达的影响。方法：将实验标本随机分为2组,分别干扰素-y（IFN-y）刺激组、辛伐他汀干预组。应用RT—PCR及Western blotting技术,观察IFN-y诱导的人外周血单个核细胞OX40L表达情况及辛伐他汀对人单个核细胞OX40L表达的影响。结果：1．1000U／ml IFN-与人单个核细胞共同培养24h后,OX40LmRNA和蛋白水平的表达明显增加。2．预先给予10mol／L的辛伐他汀干预1h可以明显降低IFN-诱导的OX40L表达。结论：IFN-可诱导人单个核细胞OX40L表达。辛伐他汀可以抑制IFN-诱导人单个核细胞OX40L表达的增强,从而可能抑制了OX40L信号通路介导的与炎症有关的血管损伤,延缓动脉粥样硬化的进程。     

乙肝疫苗新型佐剂 CpG-BW006对小鼠脾 NK 细胞表面分子 CD69的表达及γ干扰素分泌的影响

目的:研究重组乙型肝炎表面抗(HBsAg)佐剂 BW006对小鼠脾自然杀伤(NK)细胞表面分子 CD69的表达和γ干扰素(IFN-γ)分泌水平的影响.方法:BW006、HBsAg 单用或联用体外刺激小鼠脾 NK 细胞,流式细胞仪检测NK 细胞膜表面分子 CD69的表达水平,ELISA 检测 IFN-γ的分泌水平.结果:5μg BW006体外刺激小鼠脾 NK 细胞24 h 后,NK 细胞表面分子 CD69的表达达峰值(阳性率45.18%),显著高40μg HBsAg 组(21.44%)(P<0.05),与5μg BW006和40μg HBsAg 联用组(58.49%)相比无显著差异;24 h 时,5μg BW006组的 IFN-γ分泌水平达56.95 ng/mL,显著高40μg HBsAg 组(8.74 ng/mL)(P<0.05),与联用组(57.70 ng/mL)相比无显著差异.结论:BW006具有上调 NK 细胞表面分子 CD69表达和诱导 IFN-γ分泌的早期活化 NK 细胞的功能,作为疫苗的新型佐剂前景较好.     

免疫共刺激分子OX40L对乙型肝炎核酸疫苗的免疫佐剂作用

[目的]为了进一步增强HBV DNA疫苗的免疫反应,本研究将共刺激分子OX40L 作为HBV DNA疫苗的分子佐剂免疫小鼠,旨在探讨共刺激分子OX40L对HBV DNA疫苗诱导体液和细胞免疫应答的影响.[方法]我们将HBV DNA疫苗(pcDS2)单独或联合共刺激分子质粒pOX40L免疫C57BL/6小鼠;分别在第0,2,4周进行免疫,在第6周检测抗-HBs IgG、IgG1和IgG2a,T淋巴细胞增殖指数,细胞因子表达水平和体内细胞毒性T淋巴细胞杀伤作用(CTL)等免疫学指标.[结果]pceDS2联合pOX40L免疫组小鼠的抗-HBs水平显著提高,抗-HBs IgG亚类以IgG2a占优;免疫小鼠的T淋巴细胞体外经乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)刺激后,联合免疫组刺激指数(SI)明显高于pcDS2组;联合免疫组CD4 + T淋巴细胞的IL-4和IFN-γ表达水平及CD8 + T淋巴细胞的IFN-γ表达水平显著升高;DNA疫苗免疫的各组小鼠,HBsAg特异性体内CTL高于对照组,其中联合免疫组小鼠的体内CTL杀伤作用最强.[结论]共刺激分子OX40L不仅能增强HBV DNA疫苗诱导特异性体液免疫应答,还能增强特异性细胞免疫反应,尤其增强体内CTL的杀伤活性,为HBV DNA疫苗的研究奠定了基础.     

CXCL9对单个核细胞的趋化作用及其机制探讨

目的 观察趋化因子CXCL9对人外周血单个核细胞的趋化作用,并探讨其对CXCR3受体后信号通路的影响.方法 分离人外周血单个核细胞并进行培养,Transwell小室趋化实验检测不同浓度的趋化因子CXCL9对外周血单个核细胞的趋化作用;Western blot方法检测CXCL9刺激外周血单个核细胞时ERK1/2及PI3K/Akt信号通路的蛋白表达变化,并检测上述通路抑制剂PD98059和Wortmannin处理细胞后,CXCL9对ERK1/2、PI3K/Akt信号通路的影响有无变化.结果 与空白对照组相比,不同浓度的CXCL9刺激对人外周血单个核细胞均有明显的趋化作用,并且CXCL9刺激人外周血单个核细胞能激活ERK1/2及PI3K/Akt信号通路,其关键蛋白ERK1/2及Akt磷酸化水平显著增加;通路特异性抑制剂PD98059和Wortmannin的应用能明显抑制CXCL9对这两条信号通路的激活.结论 CXCL9能趋化人外周血单个核细胞发生迁移,ERK1/2及PI3K/Akt信号通路可能在此过程中发挥重要作用.     

大黄素对HT-29 细胞MAPKs 信号通路活化及IL-8 分泌的影响

目的:研究大黄素对IFN-和LPS刺激的人结肠癌细胞株HT-29细胞的ERK、JNK和p38 MARK和IL-8表达的影响。方法:人结肠癌细胞株HT-29细胞与40 ng/mL的IFN-共培养12 h,再加入100 ng/mL LPS刺激15 min,用大黄素预处理进行干预。ELISA检测HT-29细胞内的ERK、JNK和p38 MARK含量和细胞上清IL-8含量。结果:IFN-γ和LPS刺激后HT-29细胞的ERK、JNK和p38 MARK磷酸化水平和IL-8分泌明显升高。大黄素对p38和JNK磷酸化有明显的抑制作用,而对ERK磷酸化则没有明显抑制作用;大黄素能显著降低IFN-γ+LPS所引起的HT-29细胞IL-8的大量产生,并且呈明显的剂量依赖关系。结论:大黄素能有效抑制IFN-γ+LPS所引起的HT-29细胞p38和JNK的磷酸化,并显著降低IL-8分泌。     

HMGB1/SREBP-1参与IFN-γ介导的小鼠肾小球系膜细胞内的脂质沉积

目的:探讨γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)诱导小鼠系膜细胞内脂质沉积的可能机制。方法:常规培养的小鼠系膜细胞(MMC)分为正常对照组、刺激组、刺激+空质粒组(sh-HMGB1)和刺激+质粒组(sh-SREBP-1);油红O染色观察细胞内脂质沉积;RT-PCR检测HMGB1、SREBP-1和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)mRNA表达;Wesern blot检测蛋白表达。结果:油红O检测显示IFN-γ刺激组MMC细胞中出现明显脂滴;IFN-γ刺激能够上调HMGB、SREBP-1和FASmRNA及蛋白表达;沉默HMGB1能够降低IFN-γ诱导的SREBP-1和FAS上调,并减少细胞内脂质沉积;沉默SREBP-1能够减少HMGB诱导的MMC细胞内脂质沉积。结论:IFN-γ可能通过上调HMGB/SREBP-1/FAS的表达促进小鼠系膜细胞内脂滴沉积。     

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇抑制体外培养人外周血单个核细胞低分子量蛋白酶体-2表达

探讨脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)对人外周血单个核细胞参与抗原呈递的低分子量蛋白酶体-2(LMP-2)表达的影响。采用流式细胞术(FCM)和半定量RT-PCR方法从蛋白质和mRNA水平分析了不同剂量DON对体外培养人外周血单个核细胞LMP-2分子表达的影响及其量效关系。FCM定量检测结果表明,不同浓度DON处理均可一定程度抑制人外周血单个核细胞LMP-2的表达,50ng/mlDON组、100ng/mlDON组、1000ng/mlDON组和2000ng/mlDON组LMP-2平均荧光强度分别为6.99±0.72、6.21±0.55、5.34±0.56和5.03±0.43,在50～2000ng/mL范围内随着DON浓度增加,外周血单个核细胞LMP-2表达降低,与DON浓度呈显著负相关(r=0.824,P<0.01)。半定量RT-PCR结果显示,不同浓度DON处理均可抑制人外周血单个核细胞LMP-2mRNA表达。DON在蛋白质和mRNA水平可剂量依赖地抑制体外培养的人外周血单个核细胞LMP-2的表达。     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者外周血中维生素D受体 与Th1/Th2 型细胞因子的变化

目的:研究妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者外周血中维生素D受体的表达与Th1/Th2型细胞因子干扰素-γ/白细胞介素-4(IFN-γ/IL-4)的变化关系,探讨ICP发病机制。方法:选取ICP患者31例(ICP组),孕周相匹配的正常孕妇31例(正常对照组)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法),检测两组孕妇血清中Th1型细胞因子(IFN-γ)和Th2型细胞因子(IL-4)的水平;采用实时荧光定量逆转录-多聚酶链反应(qRT-PCR),检测两组孕妇外周血单个核细胞维生素D受体(VDR)mRNA的表达水平,采用3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)为内参,根据相对定量公式:2-△△CT分析VDR mRNA的表达水平。结果:(1)ICP组外周血清中IFN-γ的浓度[(230.93±36.04)pg/ml]明显高于正常对照组[(138.37±25.08)pg/ml],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。ICP组血清中IL-4浓度[(9.99±3.19)pg/ml]和正常对照组[(8.58±2.43)pg/ml]比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ICP组IFN-γ/IL-4比值(24.56±6.91)高于正常对照组(17.13±4.84),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)ICP组外周血单个核细胞维生素D受体mRNA的表达明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),正常对照组VDR的表达定义为1.0,ICP组的表达量为0.4。(3)ICP组外周血中VDR的表达水平与IFN-γ浓度呈明显负相关(r=-0.833,P<0.01),与IL-4浓度无明显相关(r=-0.109,P>0.05),与IFN-γ/IL-4比值呈负相关,但相关性不强(r=-0.356,P=0.049<0.05)。结论:ICP患者外周血Th1/Th2型细胞因子平衡由Th2向Th1偏移,可能与ICP孕妇外周血单个核细胞VDR的表达减少有关。     

白细胞介素21对SHIV感染的恒河猴外周血CD8~＋ T细胞分泌γ干扰素的影响

目的研究白细胞介素21（interleukin 21,IL-21）对SHIV感染CD8＋T细胞分泌干扰素γ（interferon-γ,IFN-γ）的影响。方法从SHIV/恒河猴模型外周血中分选出CD8＋T细胞,加入IL-21诱导培养,应用ELISA方法检测细胞培养上清液中IFN-γ浓度,RT-PCR方法检测细胞中IFN-γmRNA的表达水平,流式细胞术检测分泌IFN-γ的CD8＋T细胞所占的百分比。结果 10 ng/mL IL-21明显促进CD8＋T细胞分泌IFN-γ（P〈0.05）,IFN-γmRNA的表达明显升高,4 h为刺激CD8＋T细胞胞内IFN-γ合成的最佳时间。结论 IL-21对CD8＋T细胞分泌IFN-γ有促进作用。     

小反刍兽疫病毒Nigeria75/1疫苗毒及其N蛋白对山羊PBMCs免疫效应的影响

小反刍兽疫(PPR)是羊、骆驼等小反刍动物的一种急性、烈性、接触性A类传染病,发病率和致死率极高.目前,PPR在全球仍呈现区域性流行和多地散发势态.为探讨PPRV及N蛋白体外诱导山羊外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)在不同时间对PBMCs免疫应答效应的影响.本研究将PPRVNigeria75/1疫苗毒(1 MOI)、重组N蛋白(10μg/mL)和RPMI 1640(阴性对照)体外刺激PBMCs 48h、72h、96h.采用CCK-8法检测PBMCs细胞增殖情况;qRT-PCR及ELISA检测炎症因子包括IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-a和IFN-γ的mRNA表达水平及分泌情况;流式细胞术检测T细胞CD4+和CD8+的表达、及单核来源树突状细胞(DCs)表面分子CD40、CD86、CD80的表达、以及检测PPRV感染PBMCs引起的细胞凋亡.研究发现:与对照组相比,PPRV能够抑制PBMCs的体外增殖,显著促进炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、IFN-γ的表达(P＜0.05).并且PPRV感染PBMCs产生细胞凋亡,促进CD4+T细胞和CD8+T细胞表达.另外PPRV体外刺激DCs,CD40、CD86、CD80的表达显著升高(P＜0.05),提示PPRV具有刺激DCs细胞成熟与分化的功能.进一步研究发现PPRV N蛋白体外刺激PBMCs能引起与PPRV作用相同的免疫效应.本研究表明PPRV Nigeria75/1疫苗毒体外感染PBMCs主要引起炎症反应与细胞凋亡、促进单核来源DCs成熟与分化,并且N蛋白参与PPRV引起的各项免疫功能.     

Dexamethasone influences human clock gene expression in bronchial epithelium and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro

We determined whether human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) could be used to analyze clock genes by studying their mRNA expressions in human bronchial epithelium (BEAS-2B) and PBMCs following stimulation by the glucocorticoid homologue dexamethasone (DEX) in vitro. PBMCs were obtained at 10:00 h from two diurnally active (∼07:00 to 23:00 h) healthy volunteers and were evaluated for hPer1 mRNA expression following DEX stimulation in vitro using real time-PCR analysis. DEX stimulation of human BEAS-2B cells and PBMCs in vitro led to a remarkable increase of hPer1 mRNA. The glucocorticoid rapidly affected the expression of hPer1 mRNA in PBMCs, suggesting that human PBMCs may be a useful surrogate marker for the investigation of drug effects on clock genes.     

Relationship of Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and the Cochlea of Guinea Pigs and Effects of Dexamethasone Administration

Background

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used to treat sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and significantly improve hearing. However, GC insensitivity has been observed in some patients of SSNHL.

Objective

To study the correlation between GR expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in the cochlea of guinea pigs at mRNA and protein levels.

Methods

One group of guinea pigs received dexamethasone (10 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days (dexamethasone group), and another group of guinea pigs received normal saline (control group). Real time PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of GR mRNA and GR protein in PBMCs and the cochleae.

Results

The GR mRNA and GR protein were detected in both PBMCs and the cochlear tissue of guinea pigs. GR mRNA and GR protein levels in PBMCs were positively correlated with those in the cochlea. The expression of GR mRNA and GR protein was significantly increased in the dexamethasone group compared to the control group.

Conclusions

Levels of GR mRNA and GR protein in the PBMCs were positively correlated with those in the cochlea of guinea pigs. Systemic dexamethasone treatment can significantly up-regulate GR expression in PBMCs and in the cochlea. Measurement of the GR level in PBMCs could be used as an indicator of GR level in the cochlea.     

系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血单个核细胞Toll样受体9的表达及血清白介素-10水平的研究

目的:研究Toll样受体9(TLR-9)在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)上的表达水平及SLE患者血清白介素-10水平,探讨发病机制。方法:从23例活动期、19例缓解期SLE患者和20例正常对照组中分离PBMCs,利用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测PBMCs中TLR9 mRNA的表达水平,利用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测其血清白介素-10水平。结果:活动期SLE患者PBMCs的TLR-9mRNA表达高于缓解组(P<0.01)及正常对照(P<0.01),缓解期和正常对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SLE活动期患者血清IL-10水平显著高于缓解期患者(P<0.01),并均高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论:活动期SLE患者PBMC的TLR9 mRNA的表达水平增高;并且活动期及缓解期SLE患者血清IL-10水平升高可能与TLR9 mRNA表达的上调相关。     

柴苓汤治疗自身免疫相关复发性流产的分子机理初探

目的:研究柴苓汤对外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)Th1/Th2特异性转录因子T-bet/GATA-3 mRNA转录的影响,从基因水平探讨其治疗自身免疫性复发性流产的机理。方法:体外分离提取外周血单核细胞,在含有不同浓度柴苓汤的培养基中培养24 h,采用实时定量PCR技术检测T-bet和GATA-3 mRNA的表达。结果:柴苓汤浓度为10 g/ml时,PBMCs的T-bet mRNA表达水平(2.89±0.84)较对照组(1.66±0.14)增高,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。用1、10、100 g/ml浓度柴苓汤分别处理,GATA-3 mRNA的表达水平与对照组比较均无明显差异。结论:柴苓汤可上调转录因子T-bet mRNA的表达,进而可能通过增强Th1细胞因子产生、纠正自身免疫性复发性流产中Th2反应异常增强的Th1/Th2失衡状态,对其发挥治疗效应。     

Increased expression and phosphorylation of the two S100A9 isoforms in mononuclear cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a proteomic signature for circulating low-density granulocytes

Proteins differentially expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients versus Normal controls were identified by 2-DE and MALDI-MS. Thus, S100A9 expression was significantly increased in SLE PBMCs relative to Normal PBMCs at both mRNA and protein levels. Increased S100A9 levels in SLE PBMCs correlated positively with the abnormal presence of low-density granulocytes (LDGs) detected by flow-cytometry in the mononuclear cell fractions. Another set of proteins that were differentially expressed in SLE PBMCs formed S100A9-independent clusters, suggesting that these differences in protein expression are in fact reflecting changes in the abundance of specific cell types. In SLE PBMCs spots of the two S100A9 isoforms, S100A9-l and S100A9-s, and their phosphorylated counterparts were identified and confirmed to be phosphorylated at Thr¹¹³ by MS/MS analyses. In addition, the phorbol ester PMA alone or in combination with ionomycin induced a stronger increase in threonine phosphorylation of S100A9 in SLE than in Normal PBMCs, while the same stimuli caused the opposite effect on phosphorylation and activation of Erk1/2, suggesting the existence of an abnormal S100A9 signaling in SLE PBMCs. Therefore, the expansion and activation of LDGs in SLE seems to underlie this prominent S100A9 signature.     

Down-regulation of ABCB1 transporter by atorvastatin in a human hepatoma cell line and in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

PURPOSE: The effect of atorvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on expression and activity of the drug transporter ABCB1 in HepG2 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was examined. METHODS: Localization and expression of ABCB1 in hepatocytes was examined by indirect immunofluorescence. Expression of ABCB1 mRNA and ABCB1 activity were examined in atorvastatin-treated and control cells and PBMCs using real-time PCR and Rhodamine 123 efflux assay. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that ABCB1 is located at the apical membrane of the bile canaliculi. Atorvastatin at 10 and 20 microM up-regulated ABCB1 expression resulting in a significant 1.4-fold increase of the protein levels. Treatment of HepG2 cells with 20 microM atorvastatin caused a 60% reduction on mRNA expression (p<0.05) and a 41% decrease in ABCB1-mediated efflux of Rhodamine123 (p<0.01) by flow cytometry. Correlation was found between ABCB1 mRNA levels and creatine kinase (r=0.30; p=0.014) and total cholesterol (r=-0.31; p=0.010). CONCLUSIONS. Atorvastatin leads to decreased ABCB1 function and modulates ABCB1 synthesis in HepG2 cells and in PBMCs. ABCB1 plays a role in cellular protection as well as in secretion and/or disposition, therefore, inhibition of ABCB1 synthesis may increase the atorvastatin efficacy, leading to a more pronounced reduction of plasma cholesterol.