在动物福利和“3R”原则的指导下建立贵州小型猪的实验方法

目的在动物福利及＂3R＂原则的指导下,建立贵州小型猪常用的实验方法。方法应用对动物刺激小、痛苦少的方法给贵州小型猪肌内注射、灌胃给药、采血、麻醉、静脉注射、处死给药等方法。结果建立了一套符合动物福利要求和＂3R＂原则的小型猪的实验方法。     

实时荧光定量检测中国实验用小型猪肝脏CYP3A29 mRNA表达水平

CYP3A29是猪肝脏最重要的药物代谢关键酶。研究中国实验用小型猪肝脏CYP3A29 mRNA的表达特性对于评估其是否适宜于作为人CYP3A4介导的药理学研究动物模型具有一定意义。以b-actin作校正, 利用TaqMan定量技术对巴马香猪、贵州小型香猪肝脏CYP3A29 mRNA表达水平进行检测, 并以荣昌猪作为对照。结果表明, 巴马香猪、贵州小型香猪、荣昌猪肝脏CYP3A29 mRNA表达水平与报道的人肝脏CYP3A4相近; 三品系(种)猪间肝脏CYP3A29 mRNA表达水平较为接近, 但品系(种)内个体间变异较大。提示巴马香猪、贵州小型香猪作为药物评价的实验动物具有一定可行性。     

巴马小型猪与贵州小型香猪遗传多样性的RAPD分析

应用经过筛选的31条引物对巴马小型猪和贵州小型香猪的基因组DNA进行RAPD扩增,分析二品系实验用小型猪的遗传多样性.两品系实验用小型猪品系内及品系间多态性位点的百分数分别为30.9%和25.7%,品系间及品系内的平均遗传距离分别为0.120、0.072和0.067.结果表明,两品系实验用小型猪品系间及品系内遗传多样性贫乏,遗传变异较小.     

贵州小型猪胃肠道正常菌群的初步检测

目的 检测成年贵州小型猪胃肠内容物和新鲜粪便中正常菌群数量,为相关动物实验提供正常参考值.方法 采用滴注接种法,在选择性培养基上需氧或厌氧培养后,定性定量检测胃肠各段菌群.结果 经检测,获得了成年贵州小型猪胃肠内容物及新鲜粪便中正常菌群的基本数据.结论 贵州小型猪胃肠道正常菌群数量是其相关基础研究和模型应用的重要参考值.     

中国三种实验用小型猪mtDNA D-l00P多态性分析

分析中国三种实验用小型猪线粒体DNA(mtDNA)D-loop的多态性,建立各品种品系猪的遗传标记,为各品种品系猪的鉴别提供依据.应用PCR对西双版纳近交系小耳猪、广西巴马小型猪、贵州小型香猪和长白猪血液总DNA样品中mtDNA D-loop进行扩增,用23种限制性内切酶消化,观察其酶切多态.PCR扩增其mtDNA D-lcop 5′端227 bp高变区域,应用PCR-SSCP和PCR直接测序分析,观察其单链构象多态和序列多态.结果显示:3种小型猪之间未见酶切长度多态、单链构象多态和序列多态;与长白猪之间表现出单链构象多态和序列多态.本研究认为:3种实验用小型猪之间mtDNA多态性贫乏,证明其在母系起源和进化上的一致性,亲源关系很近,应用PCR-RFLP、PCR-SSCP和PCR直接测序分析,尚不能作为3种实验用小型猪品种品系鉴定的依据,但与长白猪等欧系猪比较有一定差异.     

我国实验小型猪的发展现状及展望

实验动物广泛应用于科学研究领域,实验小型猪在医学研究领域中越来越得到重视。中国小型猪种源丰富,不同种群各具特色,遗传性状稳定。近年来中国实验小型猪的研究处于快速发展阶段,生产和使用均在逐年增加。我国发展实验小型猪具有天然封闭群特性和高度近交等得天独厚的条件,品系化、标准化、规模化和产业化是我国实验用小型猪的主要发展趋势。我国实验用小型猪发展当前面临的问题主要表现在:保护力度小、发展阻力大、育成品系少三个方面。育成中国各具特色的实验用小型猪品系需要增加投入,利用先进的科学技术例如基因编辑和动物克隆技术,加速小型猪的定向化培育进程。     

贵州小型香猪基因组DNA的AFLP检测研究

报道了AFLP标记在研究贵州小型香猪遗传多态性方面的应用和该品系猪个体基因组DNA的AFLP扩增结果,分析了贵州小型香猪的群体遗传结构.实验应用10条AFLP引物,用PstⅠ酶切,对17头猪基因组DNA进行AFLP反应,共获得116个AFLP标记,单引物获得的标记数在2～22间,贵州小型香猪群体相似系数AFLP研究结果为0.866(0.760～0.967),该研究为评价贵州小型香猪的遗传稳定性提供了相关的参数,准确评价尚待和其它品种猪对比研究后确定。 Abstract:We reported the application of AFIP markers to detect genetic polymorphic loci in Guizhou miniaturc pig and their amplified AFLP results.Their genetic construction Of the population was also analysed.TenAFLP primers were used,genomic DNAs from 17 pigs were restrictive by pst I,116 AFLP markers were obtained,the obtaining marker numbers of individual primer were between 2~22.The results indicate as the following:(1)AFLP marker is suitable for analysing genetic polymorphism in pig;(2)The similarty index of population in Guizhou miniaturc pigs was 0.866(0.760~0.967).The study provides a uscful parameter with appraise genetic stability of Guizhou miniature pigs.     

从贵州原产地引种小型香猪及其生物学特性的观察研究

从贵州原产地引种小型香猪及其生物学特性的观察研究韦克,谭毅,潘永全重庆医科大学实验动物中心６３００４６合适的实验动物模型是医学生物学研究的重要基础条件。比较医学研究证明小型猪与人类在解剖学和生理学,特别是心血管系统和皮肤结构方面有着很大的相似性。因此...     

贵州小型香猪基因组DNA的AFLP检测研究

报道了AFLP标记在研究贵州小型香猪遗传多性方面的应用和该品系猪个体基因组DNA的AFLP扩增结果,分析了贵州小型香猪的群体遗传结构。实验应用10条AFLP引物,用PstⅠ酶切,对17头猪基因组DNA进行AFLP反应,共获得116个AFLP标记,单引物获得的标记数在2－22间,贵州小型香猪群体相似系数AFLP研究结果为0．866（0．760－0．967）,该研究为贵州小型香猪的遗传稳定性提供了相关的参数,准确评价尚待和其它品种猪对研究后确定。     

实验用小型猪营养需要研究进展

随着小型猪实验动物化研究的不断进步,小型猪作为生命科学研究的实验动物越来越受到人们的重视,因此生产标准化的小型猪至关重要,而对小型猪营养需要的了解和饲料标准的制定是生产标准化小型猪的重要基础之一。本文就小型猪的国内、外品种,小型猪的消化代谢特点以及对能量、蛋白质、矿物质及粗纤维营养需要的研究进展进行综述。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV