双孢斑褶菇菌丝体与子实体培养研究

双孢斑褶菇是一种著名的神经致幻菌物,菌丝体呈白色,具有明显的锁状联合。分类地位属于担子菌门,伞菌目,粪锈伞科。研究了C源、N源、C／N比、pH值、温度和培养料的料水比对该菌菌丝体生长的影响,及培养料的选择试验和出菇条件试验。菌丝体生长最佳的C源是淀粉、蔗糖、纤维素;酵母膏、硝酸钾、玉米粉和硝酸铵为最佳氮源;菌丝体生长对培养基碳氮比的适应比较广泛;适宜温度是5℃～35℃,最适为25℃～30℃：适宜的pH范围是4～13,最适为6．5～8．0;培养料适宜的含水量为45％～75％,最适为65％～70％。适合菌丝体和子实体生长的培养料为食用菌出菇废料、稻麦草、牛粪。子实体形成的温度是18℃～28℃,最适温度是20℃～25℃,空气相对湿度为70％～85％。子实体产量为0.1％～0.3％。     

血红铆钉菇SN菌株生物学特性研究

采用组织分离法从野生血红铆钉菇子实体分离得到1株性状稳定的分离株SN,并对其生物学特性进行了研究.结果表明:最适合菌株生长的碳源为葡萄糖和蔗糖,最适宜的氮源为蛋白胨,菌丝生长的最适温度为22～24℃,最适pH为8,无光照培养时菌丝长势较好.培养料中添加20％腐殖质适合菌丝的生长.     

双孢斑褶菇菌丝体与子实体培养研究*

双孢斑褶菇是一种著名的神经致幻菌物,菌丝体呈白色,具有明显的锁状联合。分类地位属于担子菌门,伞菌目,粪锈伞科。研究了C源、N源、C/N比、pH值、温度和培养料的料水比对该菌菌丝体生长的影响,及培养料的选择试验和出菇条件试验。菌丝体生长最佳的C源是淀粉、蔗糖、纤维素;酵母膏、硝酸钾、玉米粉和硝酸铵为最佳氮源;菌丝体生长对培养基碳氮比的适应比较广泛;适宜温度是5℃~35℃,最适为25℃~30℃;适宜的pH范围是4~13,最适为6.5~8.0;培养料适宜的含水量为45%~75%,最适为65%~70%。适合菌丝体     

不同环境条件对白灵侧耳菌丝生长的影响

对白灵侧耳(Pleurotus nebrodensis)菌丝生长适宜的温度、培养料含水量、pH值进行了研究。结果表明,白灵侧耳菌丝生长的适宜温度范围为22~28℃,最适温度28℃;培养料适宜绝对含水量65%~75%,最适绝对含水量75%;适宜pH值为5.02~7.24,最适pH值5.79。     

野生花脸香蘑人工控制条件栽培技术初探

花脸香蘑是一种尚待开发的野生食药用菌。发酵料、室外荫棚熟料覆土和室内可控出菇试验房栽培对比试验结果表明,花脸香蘑可以在人工控制条件下进行周年栽培,培养条件为菌丝最适培养温度22～25℃,子实体原基形成温度18～22℃,子实体发育最适温度18～26℃;菌丝适宜生长的培养料含水量为60%～65%,空间相对湿度以60%为宜,子实体原基形成和发育的空间相对湿度90%～98%,要求通风良好,覆盖富含腐殖质且透气性、保湿性良好的土壤有利于花脸香蘑子实体原基形成和生长发育。     

猴头菌‘川猴菇2号’的选育报告

‘川猴菇2号’是从黑龙江海林市采集到的野生猴头菌子实体（HT015）,通过驯化系统选育而成的新品种。成熟新鲜子实体单体近椭圆形,乳白色,重量120-150g;菌丝生长最适温度18-22℃,出菇适宜温度12-20℃;生育期50-55d;生物学效率达83%。适宜四川省凉山彝族自治州及其相似生态区栽培。     

角质蛋白酶固态发酵工艺及酶解条件的研究

曲霉Ａ２８－８是一株优良的角蛋白酶分泌突变菌株。其最佳固体发酵培养基为：２０％羽毛粉,８０％麸皮和微量无机氮（每克培养基中加０．５ｍｇ）;最适产酶条件为：起始ｐＨ７．５～８．０,温度２８℃～３０℃,时间为６０～７０小时,酶活高达２５００ＫＵ／ｇ曲;最适酶解条件为ｐＨ７．０～９．０,温度４５℃～５０℃。     

纯黄白鬼伞菌丝体和子实体的培养研究

纯黄白鬼伞是四川省的一个新记录种。此菌有毒 ,是一种非常美丽的观赏菌类。其菌丝无锁状联合 ,能形成大量的菌核 ,这在伞菌目中是十分罕见的。报道了纯黄白鬼伞的子实体、菌丝体的形态特性、生理特点和栽培技术。这是一种中高温性蕈菌。适宜子实体生长发育的培养料为草粉、牛粪粉、麸皮和食用菌出菇后的废科 ,瓶栽、盆栽、袋栽、床栽均可 ,不需要覆土即可出菇 ,子实体绝对生物学效率为 5%～ 7 5%。     

白毒鹅膏菌人工驯化及毒力变异试验

我们对白毒鹅膏菌 [Amanitaverna (Bull.:Fr.)Pers.exvitt]进行组织分离获得了菌丝体纯培养 ,采用 3种栽培培养基作出菇比较试验 ,以杂木屑、麦皮、干牛粪组成的培养料菌丝生长最好 ,并发现依次为天然 (干品 )→母种→菌丝的减毒变异 ,对出菇生态作了观察 ,可见子实体原基形成 ,可惜未见出菇效应。     

不同碳氮营养源和培养温度对大球盖菇菌丝生长的影响

研究了碳源、氮源和温度对大球盖菇菌丝生长的影响,结果表明碳源中蔗糖对大球盖菇的菌丝生长最有利,其次为可溶性淀粉. 氮源中尿素最好,其次为蛋白胨和酵母膏;经温度梯度试验得出大球盖菇菌丝生长温度在 5～35 ℃,适宜生长温度为 25～30 ℃.经生料栽培发现大球盖菇适于麦秸、稻草上生长.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.