用聚合酶链反应检测产蛋下降综合症病毒核酸的研究

根据对ＥＤＳ－ＤＮＡ重组质粒ｐＴＥＺＰ３和ｐＴＥＺＰ２８的核酸序列分析结果,设计了两对引物,它们均能从ＥＤＳ－ＤＮＡ上扩增出一个特异片段,其长度分别为２３８ｂｐ和２０９ｂｐ。经比较,ＰＣＲ比血球凝集试验至少灵敏２００倍,比核酸杂交试验灵敏千万倍,对１００份自然发病鸡的肛拭子,血液和软壳蛋样品的检测结果表明;ＰＣＲ的阳性出率远高于酸杂交试验,并用病毒分离方法证实了ＰＣＲ对野外病料的检出结果是可信的。     

以痘苗病毒天坛株为载体的表达单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型糖蛋白D的重组活疫苗的建立

从我国分离到的一株单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型（ＨＳＶ－１－１６８株）病毒基因组中,分离出含有糖蛋白Ｄ（ｇＤ）基因的１．２ｋｂ片段,插入带有痘苗病毒天坛株ＴＫ区的质粒ｐＪＳＢ１１７５Ｐ７．５ｋ启动子下游,转染无白血病鸡胚原代细胞,获得带有ＨＳＶ－１－１６８ｇＤ基因的重组痘苗病毒。此株重组病毒在感染细胞膜上表达ＨＳＶ－１－１６８ｇＤ糖蛋白抗原,能与特异性单克隆抗体反应。在感染细胞中表达的膜抗原经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析,表达分子量为５４ｋＤ糖蛋白。用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交分析了重组病毒ＤＮＡ中特异的ｇＤ基因,对作为活疫苗的重组痘苗病毒株进行了一些微生物学活性、免疫原性和毒力等方面的研究。     

用蛋白质工程方法改变葡萄糖异构酶最适pH和最适温度

用寡核苷酸诱导的定点突变方法构建了葡萄糖异构酶基因的突变体（Ｎ１８４Ｄ和Ａ１９８Ｃ）。含突变体的重组质粒ｐＴＫＤ－ＧＩ１（Ｎ１８４Ｄ）和ｐＴＫＤ－ＧＩ２（Ａ１９８ｃ）在Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＫ３８菌株中表达,用ＤＥＡＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ＦＦ和Ｓｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌ Ｓ－３００ＨＲ柱层析分离纯化突变酶。与野生型葡萄糖异构酶比较实验表明：（１）突变酶Ｎ１８４Ｄ的最适ｐＨ值下降了１个单位;等电点下降了０．６个单位     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒中国流行株免疫原S1基因的分子克隆、序列分析及其DNA免疫的初步研究

对来源于我国华东地区的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒流行株ＱＤ免疫原Ｓ１基因ｃＤＮＡ进行了克隆、序列分析和ＤＮＡ免疫的初步研究。ＲＴＰＣＲ扩增ＱＤ毒株的Ｓ１基因,将其５′和３′端分别进行分子修饰后插入克隆载体ｐＵＣ１８的ＢａｍＨⅠ／ＨｉｎｄⅢ位点,在大肠杆菌中实现了目的基因的克隆;利用英国ＩＢＶ毒株Ｓ１全基因核酸探针与ＱＤ毒株Ｓ１基因的重组克隆质粒分子杂交后,采用ＨａｅⅢ,ＰｖｕⅡ和ＸｂａⅠ等限制酶对此流行毒株Ｓ１基因ｃＤＮＡ进行了酶切分析;在测定ＱＤ毒株Ｓ１基因５′端高变区核苷酸序列并以此与ＩＢＶＭ４１,Ｈ１２０,６／８２及Ｂｅａｕｄ等参考毒株序列对比分析的基础上,构建了ＱＤ株Ｓ１基因ＤＮＡ免疫表达质粒,肌肉注射免疫小鼠后,鸡胚病毒中和试验的结果表明,ＩＢＶＳ１基因ＤＮＡ免疫表达质粒能诱导小鼠产生病毒特异的中和抗体,具有良好的免疫原性,初步显示基因疫苗在鸡传染性支气管炎防治上应用前景。     

小麦丛矮病毒M蛋白基因的序列测定,表达和鉴定

从小麦丛矮病毒（ＷＲＳＶ）基因文库含磷蛋白ＮＳ基因的质粒中,经亚克隆、测序,得到ＮＳ蛋白基因的下游序列,其中含有一读框４５３ｎｔ、编码一分子量约１７ｋＤ蛋白。用ＰＣＲ方法获得该读框全长片段并克隆到表达载体ｐＧＥＸ－３Ｘ,在大肠杆菌ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）菌株中以ＩＰＴＧ诱导表达,产物由谷胱甘肽Ｓ－转移酶（ＧＳＴ）亲和层析柱纯化后,用蛋白质印迹分析鉴定,结果表明,该读框为编码病毒基质蛋白Ｍ的基因。     

中国对虾一种球状病毒的分离提纯及其核酸蛋白特性的研究

从感染致病的中国对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｓｉｓ）中分离到一种球状病毒,其育径约为２０±４ｎｍ。进行人工感染实验,对虾死亡率为６６％;用脱氧核糖核酸酶（ＤＮａｓｅ）,核糖核酸酶（ＲＮａｓｅ）及二苯胺染色法对病毒核酸进行处理,证明该病毒核酸为脱氧核糖核酸,用Ｓｌ核酸酶（Ｓｌｎｕｃｌｅａｓｃ）对该核酸进一步消化处理,进一步证实该病毒含单链ＤＮＡ。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ结果显示,该病毒含４条结构多肽,其分子量分别为８６ｋＤ,７９ｋＤ,７０ｋＤ及２５．５ｋＤ。根据上述特性分析,该病毒可能属于细小病毒科（ｐａｒ－ｖｏｖｉｒｉｄａｅ）,故暂定名为中国对虾细小病毒（ＰｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｓｉｓＰａｒｖｏｖｉｒｕｓ简称ＰｃＰＶ）。     

鹅细小病毒和番鸭细小病毒核酸疫苗重组质粒的构建及表达

将鹅细小病毒（GPV）和番鸭细小病毒（MPV）主要结构蛋白（VP2－VP3）基因克隆到核酸疫苗质粒pIRESlneo载体上,构建了核酸疫苗重组质粒pIGVP1和pIMVP,通过脂质体转染法分别将重组质粒到鹅胚成纤维细胞和番鸭胚成纤维细胞中,核酸疫苗重组质粒pIGVP1和pIMVP分别转染鹅胚成纤维细胞和番鸭成纤维细胞中,于转染后72h收取细胞,细胞裂解液裂解后,经Western blot检测其表达产物可出现特异性反应带,证明表达产物具有很好的反应原性。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒中国流行株免疫原S1基因的分子克隆,序？…

对来源于我国华东地区的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒流行株ＱＤ免疫原Ｓ１基因ｃＤＮＡ进行了克隆,序列分析了和ＤＮＡ免疫的初步研究,ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ扩增ＱＤ毒株的Ｓ１基因,将其５′和３′端分别进行了分子修饰后插入克隆载体ＰＵＣ１８的ＢａｍＨＩ／ＨｉｎｄⅢ位点,大肠杆菌中实现了目的基因的克隆,利用英国ＩＢＶ毒株Ｓ１全基因核酸探针与ＱＤ毒株Ｓ１基因的重组克隆质粒子分杂交后,采用ＨａｅⅢ,ＰｖｕⅡ和ＸｂａＩ等限制酶对此     

由反转录病毒载体转移的马立克病毒糖蛋白D基因在感染细胞中的表达

用ＥｃｏＲＩ、ＰｓｔＩ将已分离和克隆的马立克氏病病毒糖蛋白Ｄ基因从重组ｐＭｇＤ１８质粒中切出,克隆进反转录病毒质粒载体（ＲＣＡＳ）的连接质粒载全ＰＵＣＣｌａ１１２Ｎ的相同位点。用ＣｌａＩ再次ｇＤ基因切出,构建于ＲＣＡＳ的ＣｌａＩ位点。通过原位杂交筛选重组ＲＣＡＳ,并结合酶切分析鉴定出ｇＤ插入方向正确的重组ＲＣＡＳ。用磷酸钙沉淀法将ｇＤ重组ＲＣＡＳ转染鸡胚成纤维细胞（ＣＥＦ）,转染后第９天收集细胞上     

猪圆环病毒2型ORF2基因序列分析及真核表达载体的构建

根据ＧｅｎＢａｎｋ中猪圆环病毒２型（ＰＣＶ－２）ＯＲＦ２基因序列,设计一　对引物,应用ＰＣＲ从疑患断奶仔猪多系统消耗综合症（ＰＭＷＳ）的死亡仔猪组织病料中扩增出ＯＲＦ　２全基因（７０２ｂｐ）。将此片段克隆入ｐＧＥＭ－Ｔ　ｅａｓｙ载体,筛选获得重组质粒ｐＴＯＲＦ２,并对此质　粒中的插入序列进行了测序分析,结果表明本试验克隆的ＯＲＦ２与美国ＰＣＶ－２分离株ＡＦ２６４０３９　的核苷酸及氨基酸序列同源性均达到１００％,与其他ＰＣＶ－２毒株同源性分别为９２．３％～９８．　６％和　９２．３％～９６．６％。重组质粒ｐＴＯＲＦ２经　Ｂａｍ　Ｈ　Ｉ、Ｅｃｏ　Ｒ　Ｖ双酶切,回收ＯＲＦ２基因,转　移入真　核表达载体ｐＳｅｃＴａｇ２／ＨｙｇｒｏＢ的相应酶切位点之间,构建成重组质粒ｐＳｅｃＴａｇＯＲＦ２。此重组表　达载体的构建成功为进一步研究ＯＲＦ２编码蛋白的生物学活性及建立ＰＣＶ诊断试剂盒打下基础。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of hydrazone derivatives of 4-[3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid and 4-[3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid

Microbial resistance to antibiotics is an unresolved global concern, which needs urgent and coordinated action. One of the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) to combat antibiotic resistance is the development of new antibiotics to treat drug-resistant bacteria. In our effort to find new antibiotics, we report the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of 30 new pyrazole derivatives. These novel molecules have been synthesized by using readily available starting materials and benign reaction conditions. Some of these molecules have shown activity with MIC values as low as 0.78?µg/mL against four bacterial strains; Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Furthermore, active molecules are non-toxic to mammalian cell line.

     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.