北美洲当归属(伞形科)植物花粉形态特征研究

花粉形态特征可为伞形科当归属的分类鉴定与亲缘关系研究提供重要依据;北美洲当归属植物是该属的重要分支分群,但其花粉学研究却鲜受关注。为进一步充实孢粉学研究资料,使用光学显微镜与扫描电子显微镜对北美洲当归属26种44个居群的花粉形态和外壁纹饰进行观察,并用SketchUp软件对花粉极轴及赤道轴长度、体积指数和纹饰密度等特征进行测量分析和定量定义。研究结果显示:(1)供试花粉包含椭圆形、近长方形、超长方形与超长方形(赤道缢缩)4种形状;(2)花粉极轴长度为21.1~32.0μm,赤道轴长度为10.6~17.1μm,极轴与赤道轴的比值为1.5~2.8,体积指数为15.8~23.3;(3)花粉赤道区外壁纹饰分为3类,包括长条状脑纹、短棒状脑纹以及片状脑纹,排列或密集或稀疏,其中3个物种的纹饰在极区变平滑;(4)根据上述形态特征,可将供试花粉划分为4级3大类15小类。研究结果表明,总体上北美洲当归属植物花粉的形态特征的多态性低于东亚当归属植物;花粉形状与赤道区外壁纹饰具有较高的种内一致性,花粉中部是否凸出以及纹饰类型、密集程度、附属物等特征则存在一定程度的种内差异。该研究进一步充实了当归属的孢粉学研究资料,花粉形态特征能够为该类群的分类鉴定与亲缘关系研究提供重要依据,可作为形态分类学和分子分类学的有力补充。     

茴芹属16种植物的花粉形态及系统学分析

利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对茴芹属16种植物的花粉形态进行了观察,其中12种为首次报道。结果表明,茴芹属16种植物花粉大小为（19.75～33.03）μm×（11.52～17.41）μm,极轴与赤道轴的比值（P/E）为1.40～2.28,体积大小指数（P×E）^1/2为16.71～23.97,属于中型花粉,具三孔沟,萌发孔位置为边萌发孔。花粉粒赤道面观有近矩形、赤道收缩形、椭圆形和近菱形等类型,其中近矩形和赤道收缩形占多数;极面观为三角形或三角圆形。扫描电镜下,其外壁表面纹饰赤道面观为脑纹状,极面观近光滑或为穴纹状。在伞形科芹亚科中,茴芹属植物的花粉具有中等进化、比较进化的形态特征。研究认为,花粉形态可为个别物种的分类处理提供孢粉学证据。     

伞形科棱子芹属花粉形态特征及其演化意义

采用光学显微镜及扫描电子显微镜观察了国产棱子芹属（Pleurospermum Hoffm．）13个种类的花粉形态特征。结果显示：供试13个种类的花粉粒可分为近菱形、近圆形、椭圆形、近长方形和超长方形5种类型。极轴长度（P）17．1—27．1μm,多为20～25μm;赤道轴长度（E）12．5—19．3μm,多为13．6～18．6μm;PIE值为1．2—2．0,多为1．2—1．5。极面观通常为三角形或近卵状三角形,少数种类为近圆形,仅1种（太白棱子芹Pgiraldii Diels）为三裂圆形;赤道面观多为近菱形、近圆形或椭圆形,少数种类为近长方形,仅1种（太白棱子芹）为超长方形。萌发孔为三沟孔,大多数种类为角萌发孔,仅云南棱子芹（P．yunnanense Franch．）和太白棱子芹为边萌发孔;沟长达两极或几达两极。赤道区的纹饰密集且多样,大体可分为短皱脑纹、颗粒状纹和细网纹3类,其中仅岩生棱子芹[Prupestre（Popov）K．T．FuetY．C．Ho]具细网纹;极区纹饰与赤道区常不一致,多为穴状网纹或纹饰不清晰。依据观察结果,讨论了棱子芹属在伞形科中的演化地位以及属内各种类间的演化关系,并结合宏观形态特征及果实解剖特征探讨了棱子芹（PcamtschaticumHoffm．）、太白棱子芹和矮棱子芹（P．nanumFranch．）的分类问题。     

橄榄雄株花粉形态特征观察及数量分类初探

运用扫描电镜对采自全国主要橄榄分布区的24个橄榄雄株种质的花粉超微形态特征进行观察,结果表明,观察的橄榄花粉为圆球形或近长球形(1.07

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