ORP4L 多克隆抗体的制备及其在蛋白质组学研究中的应用

目的:原核表达并纯化人氧化固醇结合蛋白相关蛋白4(ORP4L)肽段,制备兔抗人ORP4L多克隆抗体,并利用其进行蛋白质组学研究。方法:应用PCR技术扩增人ORP4L 382-485氨基酸(ORP4Lm)的基因序列并插入到PGEX-4T-1载体中,在大肠杆菌RosettaTM(DE3)中表达融合蛋白GST-ORP4Lm。利用所表达的融合蛋白中含有的GST标签进行亲和纯化。用所获得的纯化蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔,获得兔抗人ORP4L多克隆抗体。用Western blotting检测抗体免疫特异性。将亲和纯化后的抗体偶联到CNBr-actived sepharose beads上,利用免疫沉淀的方法,通过质谱仪分析鉴定可能与ORP4L存在相互作用的蛋白质。通过West-ern blotting进一步确证特异性的相互作用蛋白。结果:在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化了GST-ORP4Lm重组蛋白,用其免疫新西兰大兔,成功制备了相应兔源多克隆抗体,Western blotting证实该抗体可以特异识别内源性及外源性的ORP4L蛋白。质谱分析和Western blotting的结果表明所制备的多克隆抗体可以用于蛋白质组学研究。结论:利用重组的GST-ORP4Lm融合蛋白成功制备了有良好特异性的ORP4L多克隆抗体,并可将其用于ORP4L的蛋白组学研究。     

乙酰氨基半乳糖转移酶14多抗的制备及鉴定

利用生物信息学方法分析乙酰氨基半乳糖转移酶14(GALNT14)蛋白序列, 根据亲水性、抗原性、柔韧性及表面性等指标选择一段多肽序列作为抗原用于抗体制备。将该DNA片段插入pET-DsbA,构建原核表达载体pET-DsbA-GALNT14。用IPTG诱导表达蛋白,经镍柱纯化蛋白后免疫新西兰大白兔,获得GALNT14多克隆抗血清。用免疫扩散和免疫印迹检测抗体效价及特异性。结果显示,成功表达并纯化了目的蛋白。免疫动物后获得了效价较高、特异性强的GALNT14多克隆抗体,GALNT14蛋白在人乳腺癌和肾癌细胞株中均有表达。该结果为进一步研究GALNT14的功能及其在肿瘤发生发展的作用方面奠定了基础。     

斑马鱼心脏发育候选基因Pygo1多克隆抗体的制备及检测

Pygo1是心脏发育候选基因,可能在斑马鱼心脏发育过程中起着重要的调控作用.利用生物信息学选择斑马鱼Pygo1基因抗原亲水区,将扩增出的PCR片段克隆到原核表达pGEMT-4T-1载体中,转入E.coli中后通过IPTG(Isopropylβ-D-thiogalactoside)分别诱导表达GST融合蛋白.蛋白经纯化分离后用于免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体.用Western Blot检测抗体的效价和特异性.     

DC-SIGN胞外区基因的克隆、蛋白表达及抗体制备

旨在构建DC-SIGN胞外区基因原核表达质粒,诱导蛋白表达并制备多克隆抗体。用PCR的方法扩增编码DC-SIGN胞外区的基因序列,将其克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a(+)中,利用大肠杆菌表达系统表达DC-SIGN胞外区蛋白,用H is抗体做W estern Blotting鉴定目的蛋白的免疫原性。用纯化的DC-SIGN胞外区蛋白免疫日本大耳白兔,制备多克隆抗体。通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测抗体效价,免疫荧光法检测其特异性。结果显示,原核表达载体pET-28 a(+)-DC-SIGN胞外区基因成功构建,可在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中高效表达,获得相对分子质量约20 kD的DC-SIGN胞外区蛋白,经Westernb lotting鉴定为正确。纯化后的蛋白免疫大耳白兔,制备的多克隆抗体具有较强免疫原性和特异性。本研究得到了纯化的DC-SIGN胞外区蛋白,并制备了具有特异性和高效价的抗体,为研究DC-SIGN生物学功能提供试验基础。     

果蝇Domeless蛋白的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备研究

在果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)的研究中发现Domeless接受器参与发育期间的JAK/STAT信号调节,在心脏疾病的发生机制中发挥重要作用.为了克隆Domeless,我们利用生物信息学选择果蝇Domeless基因抗原亲水区,将扩增出的PCR片段克隆到原核表达pET-28a载体中,转入E.coli(Escherichia coli)中后通过IPTG(Isopropylβ-D-thiogalactoside)诱导融合蛋白表达,Ni-IDA凝胶柱亲和纯化,纯化后的His-Domeless融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体.用Western blot检测抗体的效价和特异性.获得了Domeless原核表达重组融合蛋白以及高效价的、特异性兔抗Domeless多克隆抗体,为后续Domeless功能研究奠定了基础.     

猪FcγRIII的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

目的：构建猪FcγRIII 基因的原核表达载体,诱导表达重组蛋白,制备鼠抗猪 FcγRIII 抗血清。方法：从质粒pTG19-T-FcγRIII中用PCR方法克隆到编码完整猪FcγRIII蛋白分子的基因片段,将其插入到原核表达载体pET-32a中,构建了猪FcγRIII 原核表达载体pET-FcγRIII ,转化大肠杆菌BL21 (DE3) ,IPTG诱导蛋白表达,经尿素洗涤纯化后,以纯化后的融合蛋白FcγRIII-His 为抗原免疫小鼠,获得抗血清。Western blotting、ELISA 法鉴定获得的抗血清,ELISA 结果显示抗体效价为1∶16000,具有高度特异性,免疫印迹结果显示制备的多抗可以与重组猪FcγRIII蛋白特异性结合。结果：成功构建猪FcγRIII原核表达载体,纯化到融合蛋白FcγRIII-His,用纯化的融合蛋白免疫小鼠制备了多克隆抗体,Western blotting、ELISA 法证实多克隆抗体制备成功。结论：成功获得了猪 FcγRIII 多克隆抗体,为进一步研究猪FcγRIII 蛋白的功能奠定了基础。     

人类博卡病毒(HBoV)非结构蛋白NS1基因的克隆、原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

目的:克隆、表达、纯化人类博卡病毒(HBoV)非结构蛋白NS1,制备抗NS1多克隆抗体。方法:利用PCR扩增HBoV非结构蛋白NS1基因,将其克隆至pMAL-c2X表达载体上,重组质粒转化大肠杆菌DH10B,IPTG诱导表达。表达的融合蛋白经Amylose Resin亲和层析柱纯化后,免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体。用间接ELISA法检测抗体效价。结果:原核表达融合蛋白MBP-NS1,并获得了其多克隆抗体,抗体效价达到1∶32000。结论:在原核表达系统中表达、纯化了融合蛋白,制备抗NS1多克隆抗体,为进一步研究该病毒非结构蛋白基因的转录和翻译机制提供可靠的工具。     

CCCTC-结合因子与核周蛋白α4存在分子间相互作用并调控其基因表达

目的:研究CCCTC-结合因子(CTCF)是否与核周蛋白α4(KPNA4)有蛋白间相互作用并调控其表达。方法:用GSTpull-down实验研究CTCF是否与KPNA4存在蛋白间相互作用;用逆转录半定量PCR和免疫印迹检测CTCF敲降对KPNA4基因表达的影响。结果:GSTpull-down实验表明CTCF与KPNA4之间存在相互作用;当CTCF敲降时,KPNA4基因的表达随之下降。结论:CTCF与KPNA4之间存在相互作用并调控其基因表达。     

炭疽菌保护性抗原受体结合区的表达及其多克隆抗体的制备

原核表达炭疽杆菌保护性抗原受体结合区并制备该蛋白的多克隆抗体.从炭疽芽胞杆菌A16R中经PCR扩增得到了炭疽菌保护性抗原(PA)受体结合区基因,即PA的第四结构域(PA-D4),将其克隆至含有6×His编码序列的原核表达载体pET-2b(+)中,将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),在IPTG诱导下进行蛋白表达;用HiTrapTM Chelating HP柱纯化重组蛋白,Western blot进一步鉴定;以纯化后的蛋白为抗原,免疫新西兰大耳白兔制备该蛋白的多克隆抗体;用ELISA和Western blot检测抗血清.结果表明,目的蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中获得了可溶性表达,纯化后纯度可达90%以上;制备了针对PA-D4融合蛋白的高效价抗血清,ELISA抗体滴度为1∶ 102 400;其抗体能特异性识别内源性的PA.PA-D4重组蛋白及其多克隆抗体的获得,为后续研究其功能和炭疽疫苗免疫保护机制奠定了基础.     

人乳头瘤病毒6b型E7蛋白的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

进行人乳头瘤病毒6b型(Human papillomavirus type 6b,HPV6b)E7蛋白原核表达并制备其多克隆抗体。用已构建的pGEX-4T-2/HPV6bE7原核表达载体诱导表达大量可溶性融合蛋白GST-HPV6bE7,用Glutathione-Sepharose 4B亲和柱和凝血酶纯化获取HPV6b型E7蛋白。将纯化的E7蛋白免疫新西兰兔并纯化为多克隆抗体IgG。采用Western-Blot及免疫荧光法分析该抗体的效价及特异性。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)分析显示,异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导3～6h后pGEX-4T-2/HPV6bE7表达载体在大肠杆菌中高水平表达可溶性融合蛋白。纯化的E7蛋白免疫新西兰兔后可获得兔多克隆抗体IgG。经Western-Blot及免疫荧光鉴定,兔抗IgG具有高效价性和抗HPV6bE7蛋白特异性。获取纯化的HPV6b型E7蛋白具有较好的免疫原性,其免疫兔产生的多克隆抗体IgG效价高,特异性好,有望进一步用于HPV6b型的生物学功能研究和免疫学效应研究。     

CCCTC结合因子在HeLa细胞中调控X染色体连锁的凋亡抑制蛋白的表达

目的:确定HeLa细胞的CCCTC结合因子(CTCF)表达水平是否与细胞的抗凋亡能力相关,并研究其具体分子机制。方法:用顺铂和阿糖胞苷分别诱导HeLa细胞和CTCF敲降的HeLa-CTCF-II-11细胞凋亡,比较两者的凋亡率;用基因表达芯片检测CTCF敲降后HeLa细胞的表达谱变化,寻找并验证受CTCF调控的与凋亡相关的蛋白。结果:用顺铂和阿糖胞苷诱导后,HeLa-CTCF-II-11细胞的凋亡率显著高于HeLa细胞;HeLa细胞的CTCF敲降后,X染色体连锁的凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)的表达显著下降。结论:CTCF敲降使HeLa细胞的抗凋亡能力下降,CTCF对XIAP基因的表达调控在这个过程中起了重要作用。     

多功能转录因子CTCF结构域的转录活性研究

目的:CTCF是广泛存在于真核生物中的多功能转录因子。利用细胞瞬时表达实验在HeLa细胞系中研究CTCF各结构域的转录活性。方法:借用CheckMate哺乳动物双杂交系统的2个质粒pBIND和pG5LUC,将CTCF的N、M、C段及全长编码序列克隆至pBIND质粒的GAL4DNA结合结构域编码序列后的多克隆位点,将表达GAL4DNA结合结构域-CTCF融合蛋白的pBIND重组质粒与由腺病毒晚期主要启动子控制的报告基因质粒pG5LUC共转染HeLa细胞系,检测CTCF各结构域对报告基因表达水平的影响。结果:转染含CTCFN段的质粒可使报告基因的表达量增长至3.5倍以上;转染含CTCF其他片段的质粒对报告基因的表达没有明显的影响。结论:在HeLa细胞中,对启动子具有转录激活活性的主要是CTCF的N段,而M段和C段几乎没有转录激活活性。     

Regulation of Pax6 by CTCF during induction of mouse ES cell differentiation

Pax6 plays an important role in embryonic cell (ES) differentiation during embryonic development. Expression of Pax6 undergoes from a low level to high levels following ES cell differentiation to neural stem cells, and then fades away in most of the differentiated cell types. There is a limited knowledge concerning how Pax6 is regulated in ES cell differentiation. We report that Pax6 expression in mouse ES cells was controlled by CCCTC binding factor (CTCF) through a promoter repression mechanism. Pax6 expression was significantly enhanced while CTCF activity was kept in the constant during ES cell differentiation to radial glial cells. Instead, the interaction of CTCF with Pax6 gene was regulated by decreased CTCF occupancy in its binding motifs upstream from Pax6 P0 promoter following the course of ES cell differentiation. Reduced occupancy of CTCF in the binding motif region upstream from the P0 promoter was due to increased DNA methylations in the CpG sites identified in the region. Furthermore, changes in DNA methylation levels in vitro and in vivo effectively altered methylation status of these identified CpG sites, which affected ability of CTCF to interact with the P0 promoter, resulting in increases in Pax6 expression. We conclude that there is an epigenetic mechanism involving regulations of Pax6 gene during ES cell differentiation to neural stem cells, which is through increases or decreases in methylation levels of Pax6 gene to effectively alter the ability of CTCF in control of Pax6 expression, respectively.     

Coordinate Regulation of the Gel-forming Mucin Genes at Chromosome 11p15.5

Four of the genes that encode gel-forming mucins, which are major components of the mucus layer protecting many epithelial surfaces, are clustered at chromosome 11p15.5 and show both cell- and tissue-specific expression patterns. We aimed to determine whether the individual genes were coordinately regulated by mechanisms involving higher order chromatin structure. CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) sites were predicted in silico and CTCF occupancy then evaluated by chromatin immunoprecipitation. CTCF was found at many sites across the gene cluster, and its binding was correlated with mucin gene expression. Next, siRNA-mediated depletion of CTCF was shown to increase MUC2 expression in A549 lung carcinoma cells and both MUC6 and MUC5AC expression in LS180 colon carcinoma cells. These changes correlated with loss of CTCF binding at multiple sites, although others retained occupancy. In cells actively expressing the mucins, the gene cluster was shown by chromosome conformation capture to form looped three-dimensional structures with direct interactions between the MUC2 promoter region, regions 30 kb 5′ to it, close to the MUC6 promoter and others near the 3′ end of MUC5AC, >170 kb away. Finally, to demonstrate the importance of CTCF binding to mucin gene expression, Calu-3 lung carcinoma cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS increased the expression of MUC2 and MUC5AC and reduced MUC5B. CTCF occupancy was concurrently depleted at specific binding sites close to these genes. These data suggest that CTCF binding and cell type-specific long-range interactions across the 11p15.5 gene cluster are critical mechanisms for coordinating gel-forming mucin gene expression.