芒AFLP反应体系的建立

以芒DNA为材料,对AFLP分子标记分析中的基因组酶切体系选择性扩增中Mg2+、dNTP和Taq酶浓度等4个因素进行了比较。结果表明20μL基因组双酶切体系中,使用1UEcoRⅠ和1UM seⅠ酶切3 h能够实现完全酶切;选择性扩增的PCR 10μL反应体系中1.4 mmol.L-1Mg2+,0.4 mmol.L-1dNTP及0.6 U Taq酶是进行芒AFLP分析的最佳反应条件,能够得到丰富稳定的带纹。该体系的构建为AFLP技术在芒相关研究中的应用奠定了基础。     

毛薯ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立

本研究主要建立毛薯ISSR-PCR的最佳反应体系。研究采用改良CTAB法提取毛薯总基因组DNA,应用单因子实验法设定模板DNA,Mg2+浓度,dNTP浓度,Tap酶浓度以及退火温度的5个不同梯度,探讨单因素变化对毛薯ISSR-PCR扩增的影响。实验结果表明,毛薯ISSR-PCR最佳反应体系为:总体积20μL,模板DNA为50ng、Taq酶为0.8U、Mg2+浓度为2.0mmol/L、引物浓度为0.5μmol/L、dNTPs浓度为0.5mmol/L。     

薰衣草高质量DNA提取及ISSR-PCR多重化体系的建立

以伊犁薰衣草‘701’新鲜叶片为材料,对4种基因组DNA提取方法进行比较,并通过单因子梯度比较试验结合L9(34)正交优化设计,对ISSR-PCR扩增体系中退火温度、DNA、Mg2+、dNTP和引物浓度进行最佳条件及配比筛选。结果表明,改良3×CTAB法是薰衣草高质量DNA少量提取的最佳方法 ;建立薰衣草ISSR-PCR扩增优化体系为,20μL反应体系中包括模板DNA 50 ng,Mg2+3 mmol/L,dNTP 0.3 mmol/L,引物0.3 mmol/L,Taq酶1 U;扩增程序退火温度为56℃。运用本试验建立的ISSR-PCR优化体系,对5份薰衣草种质进行了初步验证,获得了良好的多样性扩增条带。     

裸燕麦AFLP反应体系的优化

影响裸燕麦AFLP反应的关键因素包括基因组DNA提取过程中氯仿-异戊醇的抽提次数,酶切时间,预扩增产物稀释倍数,选择性扩增中Mg2+、dNTP、引物浓度等.本研究对这些影响因素进行了优化,初步建立了适合裸燕麦的AFLP反应体系.并将该体系应用于引物筛选,在12份材料中,共筛选出20对条带清晰、多态性好的引物组合,为裸燕麦遗传多样性分析提供了基础.     

夏枯草DNA提取及RAPD反应条件的优化

用改进后的SDS法从夏枯草植物的新鲜叶片中提取基因组DNA,通过正交设计和单因素结合的方法对RAPD-PCR反应条件进行优化,确定了适合夏枯草DNA的最佳扩增体系:20μL的PCR反应体系中,模板DNA浓度1.0-2.0 mg/L,引物浓度1.00-1.50 mmol/L,Mg2 浓度2.0-2.5 mmol/L,dNTP浓度0.20-0.25 mmol/L,Taq酶用量0.5 U,10×BufferMg2 free 2μL,BSA浓度0.25-0.50μg/μL。     

南药益智AFLP-PCR体系的建立与优化

[目的]建立适合南药益智的扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)扩增体系来研究不同地理居群益智遗传多样性。[方法]利用植物基因组试剂盒法提取高质量的益智基因组DNA,采用单因素和正交试验对AFLP过程中的酶切和PCR相关影响因素进行优化,并对适合益智AFLP分析的引物组合进行筛选。[结果]实验结果表明最佳酶切反应体系:模板DNA 0.6μg,酶量20 U,酶切时间2 h;最佳AFLP-PCR选择性扩增反应体系(总体积为25μL):10×PCR Buffer(不含Mg2+)2.5μL,d NTPs 2μL,Mg2+(25mmol/L)1.5μL,引物(10 pmol/μL)各2.0μL,Taq酶(5 U/ml)0.5μL,模板稀释25倍2μL。利用建立的最佳扩增体系从64对引物中筛选获得8对选择性引物适合益智AFLP分析。[结论]建立了稳定的AFLP-PCR体系,为研究益智遗传多样性的AFLP分析奠定了基础。     

日本沼虾AFLP反应体系的建立

目的:建立一个适于日本沼虾研究用的 AFLP 反应体系.方法:以日本沼虾 DNA 为材料,对基因组酶切时间、选择性扩增中Mg2 、dNTP浓度、预扩增产物稀释倍数及选扩性引物M 3/E 3配比等进行了比较分析.结果:酶切5h,选扩 25ul PCR 反应体系中Mg2 2mmol/L,dNTP 1.2rmnol/L,预扩产物稀释 40 倍,选扩引物M 3/E 3配比为8:1,所得产物在毛细管电泳中可得剑稳定的结果.结论:该体系的构建为 AFLP 技术在日本沼虾相关研究中的应用奠定了基础.     

怀地黄SRAP扩增体系的建立与引物的筛选

为建立适合怀地黄SRAP-PCR分子标记技术体系,通过单因子实验分别研究了DNA模板浓度、TaqDNA聚合酶浓度、Mg2+浓度、引物浓度以及dNTP浓度对怀地黄SRAP扩增反应的影响,确立了适合怀地黄SRAP最佳反应体系为:在25μL的反应体系中,模板DNA量20ng/25μL、2.5mmol/LMg2+、0.32μmol/L的上下游引物、0.30μmol/L的dNTP以及2.5UTaq酶,并利用确定的体系从88个引物组合中筛选出12对适合怀地黄SRAP-PCR反应的引物。     

丹参ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立与正交优化

利用正交试验设计的方法,从引物浓度、Taq DNA聚合酶浓度、Mg2+浓度、dNTP浓度4种因素3个水平,对丹参ISSR-PCR反应体系进行优化分析,并在此基础上对模板DNA浓度、PCR反应过程中的退火温度进行梯度检测。结果表明:20μL ISSR-PCR反应体系中各因素的最佳浓度为1×PCR buffer、200μmol/L dNTP、1.0μmol/L引物、1.5mmol/L Mg2+和1 U Taq DNA聚合酶,最佳模板DNA浓度为20～60ng,引物UBC 835的最佳退火温度为51.7℃。     

麻栎SRAP-PCR体系优化与遗传多样性分析

对麻栎基因组DNA的SRAP-PCR体系中dNTP、Taq酶、Mg2+、引物、模板DNA进行正 交试验优化,结果表明最佳反应体系为dNTP浓度为0.3 mmol*L-1,Taq酶1.5U, Mg 2+浓度为2mmol*L-1,引物浓度0.2ìmol*L-1,模板DNA 40ng(20ìL反 应体系).运用优化体系,从110对SRAP引物组合中,筛选出多态性较好的8对SRAP引物,对8 个不同地区麻栎进行SRAP标记分析.共检测到45个多态性位点,多态性条带百分比为51.72% .应用NTSYS-pc软件进行聚类分析(UPGMA),建立了麻栎亲缘关系树状图,表明SRAP可有效用于麻栎种质资源鉴定与遗传多样性分析.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.