血管生成素样蛋白4和Ⅱ型肺泡细胞表面抗原-6与急性呼吸窘迫综合征严重程度的关系及对预后的评估效能研究

摘要 目的：分析血管生成素样蛋白4(ANGPTL4)和Ⅱ型肺泡细胞表面抗原-6(KL-6)与急性呼吸窘迫综合征严重程度的关系及对预后的评估效能。方法：选择我院自2020年1月至2022年12月收治的120例急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者作为研究对象（观察组）,根据氧合指数（PaO₂/FiO₂）分为轻度组、中度组和重度组;另选120例非急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者作为对照组。检测所有患者血清ANGPTL4和KL-6的表达水平,分析血清ANGPTL4和KL-6与APACHE Ⅱ评分、PaO₂/FiO₂的关系,使用受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）下面积（AUC）评价血清ANGPTL4联合KL-6对急性呼吸窘迫综合征预后的评估效能。结果：对比对照组,观察组血清ANGPTL4、KL-6的表达水平均明显升高（P＜0.05）;血清ANGPTL4、KL-6的表达水平在轻度组、中度组和重度组中差异有统计学意义,且急性呼吸窘迫综合征越严重,升高越明显（P＜0.05）;经Pearson相关性分析,急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者血清ANGPTL4、KL-6的表达水平与PaO₂/FiO₂呈负相关,与APACHE Ⅱ评分呈正相关（P＜0.05）;经ROC曲线分析,血清ANGPTL4联合KL-6预测急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者入院28d内死亡的敏感度为90.14%、特异度为65.74%,AUC为0.900。结论：血清ANGPTL4、KL-6表达水平升高与急性呼吸窘迫综合征严重程度增大密切相关,两者联合在患者预后评估中具有一定价值,可作为判断病情及预后的辅助指标。     

特发性肺纤维化患者血清血管生成素-2、潜在转化生长因子结合蛋白2、趋化因子配体14水平与预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：研究特发性肺纤维化（IPF）患者血清血管生成素-2（Ang-2）、潜在转化生长因子结合蛋白2（LTBP2）、趋化因子配体14（CXCL14）水平与预后的关系。方法：选取2019年3月～2020年3月河北医科大学第二医院东院区呼吸内科收治的100例IPF患者作为研究对象。将其按照随访结局分成预后不良组59例及预后良好组41例。比较两组Ang-2、LTBP2、CXCL14水平、肺功能指标、实验室指标以及一般资料,Pearson相关分析血清Ang-2、LTBP2、CXCL14水平与肺功能指标的相关性,多因素Logistic回归分析IPF患者预后的影响因素,受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析Ang-2、LTBP2、CXCL14对IPF患者预后的预测价值。结果：预后不良组血清Ang-2、LTBP2、CXCL14水平均高于预后良好组（P＜0.05）。预后不良组第1s用力呼气容积（FVC₁）、一氧化碳弥散量占预计值百分比（DLCO%）、动脉血氧分压（PaO₂）/氧体积分数（FiO₂）均低于预后良好组,而吸烟史、肺动脉高压人数占比高于预后不良组（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关性分析显示：IPF患者Ang-2、LTBP2、CXCL14水平均和FVC₁、DLCO%呈负相关（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示：FVC₁、DLCO%、PaO₂/FiO₂、吸烟史、肺动脉高压以及血清Ang-2、LTBP2、CXCL14水平是IPF患者预后不良的影响因素（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析结果显示：血清Ang-2、LTBP2、CXCL14三项联合检测预测IPF患者预后的曲线下面积高于上述三项指标单独检测。结论：IPF患者血清Ang-2、LTBP2、CXCL14水平与其预后密切相关,可作为评估其预后的辅助性指标。     

不同吸入氧浓度联合PCV-VG模式对行腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术的老年患者氧合及肺损伤的影响

摘要 目的：探讨不同吸入氧浓度联合压力控制容量保证通气模式(PCV-VG)对行腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术的老年患者氧合及肺损伤的影响。方法：选择2022年3月至2023年3月在我院拟行全身麻醉下腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术的90例老年膀胱癌患者为研究对象,随机分为A组、B组和C组,各30例。所有患者在PCV-VG模式维持机械通气,其中A组、B组、C组的吸入氧浓度分别为40 %、50 %、60 %。检测所有患者通气前（T0）、通气后1 h、2 h和3h（T1-3）及撤管后0.5 h（T4）时心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、右心房压（RAP）、动脉血氧分压（PaO₂）,计算氧合指数（PaO₂/FiO₂）、呼吸指数（RI）,记录术后24 h临床肺部感染评分（CPIS）、PACU停留时间、术后住院时间,比较三组手术前及手术结束后血清肺表面活性蛋白A（SP-A）、Clara细胞分泌蛋白（CC16）表达水平及术后肺部并发症发生率。结果：三组在T0、T1、T2、T3和T4时HR、MAP、RAP比较无差异（P>0.05）;在T1、T2、T3和T4时,A组PaO₂、PaO₂/FiO₂均小于B组和C组,RI均大于B组和C组（P<0.05）;而B组与C组在各时间点PaO₂、PaO₂/FiO₂、RI比较无差异（P>0.05）;三组PACU停留时间比较无差异（P>0.05）;B组术后CPIS评分低于A组和C组,术后住院时间短于A组和C组（P<0.05）;C组术后血清SP-A、CC16表达水平均高于A组和B组（P<0.05）;B组术后肺部并发症发生率低于A组和C组（P<0.05）。结论：50%的吸入氧浓度联合PCV-VG模式可有效改善行腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术的老年患者的氧合功能,减轻肺损伤,对于减少术后并发症发生和促进康复具有积极作用,值得临床予以重视。     

HFNC与NIV治疗合并Ⅱ型呼衰的COPD患者的临床疗效对比

摘要 目的：探讨高流量湿化治疗仪（HFNC）治疗合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的临床效果及安全性。方法：选择2020 年 4 月至 2022 年 3 月就诊于我院的合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患者共151名。随机分为接受 HFNC治疗组和NIV治疗组（HFNC组77名，NIV组74名）。分别评估患者治疗前和治疗后1小时、24小时以及治疗结束前心率（heart rate，HR）、呼吸频率（respiratory rate，RR）、氧合指数（Oxygenation index，PaO₂/FiO₂）、CO₂分压（arterial partial pressure of CO₂，PaCO₂）的变化、治疗不耐受和失败、有气管插管需求的情况、住院时间以及住院死亡率。结果：治疗后，两组各有6名患者死亡，死亡率分别为HFNC组7.8%，NIV组8.2%，组间比较差异无统计学意义（P=0.94）。两组患者治疗前后HR、RR、平均动脉压、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞百分比、C-反应蛋白、降钙素原及PaO₂/FiO₂、PaCO₂、动脉血酸碱度均无明显统计学差异。与NIV组相比，HFNC组气道护理干预次数明显减少（4±1 vs 8±2，P<0.05），皮肤破损发生率明显降低（5.2% vs 20.3%，P<0.05），住院天数明显缩短（6±2 vs 8±2，P<0.05）。结论：HFNC治疗合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的COPD 患者效果并不亚于NIV，且HFNC的安全性更高，可作为该类患者的首选通气支持治疗方式。     

早产儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征血清1,25-(OH)2D3、PGRN、SIRT1、CTRP3水平与炎症反应和预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨不同病情严重程度早产儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）血清1,25-二羟维生素D₃（1,25-(OH) ₂D₃）、颗粒体蛋白前体（PGRN）、沉默信息调节因子2相关酶1（SIRT1）、C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白3（CTRP3）的变化，分析其与炎症反应和预后的关系。方法：选择2018年10月至2019年12月安徽省妇幼保健院收治的ARDS早产儿100例作为ARDS组，另选取同期在我院出生的健康新生儿60例作为对照组。根据《"新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征"蒙特勒标准（2017年版）》的病情判定标准将ARDS早产儿分为轻度组（n=40）、中度组（n=32）、重度组（n=28），比较不同病情严重程度ARDS早产儿血清1,25-(OH) ₂D₃、PGRN、SIRT1、CTRP3、炎症反应指标肿瘤坏死子因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）水平变化，采用Pearson法分析ARDS早产儿血清1,25-(OH) ₂D₃、PGRN、SIRT1、CTRP3与炎症反应指标的相关性。另根据ARDS组患儿预后情况分为预后良好组（n=65）和预后不良组（n=35），采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析影响ARDS早产儿预后不良的危险因素。结果：ARDS组血清1,25-(OH) ₂D₃、SIRT1、CTRP3、PGRN水平明显低于对照组（P<0.05），ARDS组血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。不同病情严重程度ARDS早产儿血清1,25-(OH) ₂D₃、PGRN、SIRT1、CTRP3、炎症反应指标比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。ARDS早产儿血清1,25-(OH) ₂D₃、PGRN、SIRT1、CTRP3水平与TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平呈负相关（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，低出生体重、肺表面活性物质（PS）使用次数≥3次、出现低白蛋白血症是影响ARDS早产儿预后不良的危险因素（P<0.05），血清1,25-(OH)2D3（较高）、PGRN（较高）、SIRT1（较高）、CTRP3（较高）是ARDS早产儿预后不良的保护因素（P<0.05）。结论：血清1,25-(OH) ₂D₃、PGRN、SIRT1、CTRP3可能参与ARDS早产儿的炎症反应过程，与ARDS早产儿的病情进展及预后密切相关，检测血清1,25-(OH) ₂D₃、PGRN、SIRT1、CTRP3有助于评估ARDS早产儿的预后。     

血清ESM-1、VE-Cad、CC16水平与脓毒症并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者炎性因子及预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨血清内皮细胞特异性分子-1（ESM-1）、血管内皮钙黏蛋白（VE-Cad）、Clara细胞分泌蛋白16（CC16）水平与脓毒症并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）患者炎性因子及预后的关系。方法：选取我院2018年10月～2020年1月收治的59例脓毒症并发ARDS患者为研究对象,记作观察组。另取同期于我院进行体检的60例健康志愿者作为对照组。比较两组血清ESM-1、VE-Cad、CC16及炎症因子水平,并以Pearson相关性分析血清ESM-1、VE-Cad、CC16与炎症因子的相关性。此外,将观察组患者按照预后分作死亡组27例和存活组32例,通过多因素Logistic回归分析脓毒症并发ARDS患者预后的影响因素。结果：观察组的血清ESM-1、VE-Cad、CC16水平均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组的IL-6、CRP、PCT水平均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示：脓毒症并发ARDS患者的血清ESM-1、VE-Cad、CC16水平与IL-6、CRP、PCT水平均呈正相关（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示：年龄（较大）、入院24 h内APACHEⅡ评分（较高）以及血清ESM-1（升高）、VE-Cad（升高）、CC16（升高）、IL-6（升高）、CRP（升高）、PCT（升高）均是脓毒症并发ARDS患者死亡的危险因素,而氧合指数（升高）是患者死亡的保护因素（均P＜0.05）。结论：脓毒症并发ARDS患者血清ESM-1、VE-Cad、CC16水平存在明显升高,且与炎性因子以及预后密切相关,可作为脓毒症并发ARDS患者预后的辅助评估指标。     

经鼻高流量湿化氧疗对肺癌放射性肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者的临床疗效观察

摘要 目的：探究经鼻高流量湿化氧疗对肺癌放射性肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者的临床疗效,以期为临床治疗提供参考。方法：选取2020年9月至2022年8月在我院呼吸内科住院的因肺癌放射治疗出现放射性肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者86例为研究对象,根据氧疗方法的不同分为HFNC组和COT组,每组各43例, COT组患者在此基础上给予鼻导管供氧治疗。HFNC组患者给予HFNC氧疗方式。比较两组患者治疗前后血气分析指标、呼吸频率及舒适度、疲劳程度评分的差异及对比两组的预后情况。结果：治疗后12 h、24 h、48 h两组PaO₂//FiO₂/指标均较治疗前明显升高（P<0.05）,且治疗后各个时间点HFNC组对PaO₂/FiO₂/指标改善明显优于COT组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。治疗后12 h、24 h、48 h两组呼吸频率均较治疗前明显降低（P<0.05）,且治疗后各个时间点HFNC组对呼吸频率改善明显优于COT组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。治疗后两组患者舒适度评分均较治疗前明显升高、疲劳程度评分较治疗前明显降低（P<0.05）,HFNC组对舒适度、疲劳程度评分改善程度明显优于COT组（P<0.01）。HFNC组患者气管插管占比、非机械通气天数明显少于COT组（P<0.01）,死亡人数占比两组患者差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：经鼻高流量湿化氧疗可以改善肺癌放射性肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者氧合指数,降低患者呼吸频率,改善患者舒适度和促进患者预后。     

高压氧联合支气管肺泡灌洗对重型颅脑损伤肺部感染患者临床疗效及血清sTREM-1、HMGB1、CRP/Alb水平的影响

摘要 目的：探讨高压氧（HBO）联合支气管肺泡灌洗对重型颅脑损伤肺部感染（PI）患者临床疗效及血清可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1（sTREM-1）、高迁移率族蛋白B1（HMGB1）、C反应蛋白/白蛋白（CRP/Alb）水平的影响。方法：选取2019年9月-2022年9月安徽中医药大学附属六安医院收治的72例重型颅脑损伤PI患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各36例。对照组采用支气管肺泡灌洗治疗,观察组采用HBO联合支气管肺泡灌洗治疗。收集两组临床资料,对比两组临床疗效、治疗前后临床体征[体温、动脉血氧分压（PaO₂）,血白细胞计数（WBC）]、临床肺部感染评分（CPIS）、全身炎症反应综合征修正（ASS）评分、格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）、血清指标（sTREM-1、HMGB1、CRP/Alb）。结果：观察组治疗总有效率94.44%高于对照组的77.78%（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组体温、WBC、CPIS评分、ASS评分低于对照组,PaO₂、GCS评分高于对照组（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组血清sTREM-1、HMGB1、CRP/Alb水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：HBO联合支气管肺泡灌洗治疗重型颅脑损伤PI能减轻炎症反应,降低PI程度,减轻临床体征,提高临床疗效。     

AECOPD合并PH患者血清Hcy、Cys-C水平与肺功能、动脉血气分析指标及肺动脉收缩压的关系研究

摘要 目的：探究慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期（AECOPD）合并肺动脉高压（PH）患者血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、胱抑素C（Cys-C）水平与肺功能、动脉血气分析指标及肺动脉收缩压的关系。方法：选择2017年12月至2019年12月我院诊治的80例AECOPD合并PH患者作为AECOPD合并PH组。同时选择80例AECOPD未合并PH患者作为单纯AECOPD组以及50名在我院进行体检的健康志愿者作为健康组。检测并比较各组受试者的血清Hcy和Cys-C水平、第一秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量比值(FEV₁/FVC）、动脉氧分压（PaO₂）、第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比（FEV₁%pred）、动脉二氧化碳分压（PaCO₂）,肺动脉收缩压（PASP）,分析各指标的相关性。结果：AECOPD合并PH组血清Hcy、Cys-C水平以及PASP最高,其次为单纯AECOPD组,健康组最低（P<0.05）。健康组FEV₁%pred、FEV₁/FVC最高,其次为单纯AECOPD组,AECOPD合并PH组最低（P<0.05）。与单纯AECOPD组相比,AECOPD合并PH组PaO₂明显下降,PaCO₂明显升高（P<0.05）。经Pearson相关性分析可得,血清Hcy和Cys-C与FEV₁%pred、FEV₁/FVC和PaO₂均呈负相关（P<0.05）,而与PaCO₂和PASP均呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论：血清Hcy和Cys-C水平异常升高与AECOPD患者并发PH相关,并且与AECOPD合并PH患者肺功能下降、动脉血气异常以及PASP异常升高存在相关性。     

老年支气管哮喘患者血清MC-CP、Th17的表达及其与呼吸功能、肺功能的相关性分析

摘要 目的：探究老年支气管哮喘患者血清肥大细胞羧肽酶（MC-CP）、Th17表达及其与患者呼吸功能、肺功能的相关性。方法：选择2018年4月至2021年8月于中国人民解放军东部战区总医院接受治疗的120例老年支气管哮喘患者为研究组（SG）,另选同期于我院接受治疗的100例支气管炎患者为对照组（CG）,对比两组患者血清MC-CP、Th-17、呼气峰值流速（PEF）、第1秒用力呼气量（FEV₁）、血氧分压（PaO₂）、FEV₁占预计值的百分数（FEV₁/FVC）差异,就研究组患者MC-CP、Th-17水平与其呼吸功能、肺功能的相关性开展Spearman分析。结果：（1）研究组患者的MC-CP水平明显高于对照组,Th17百分比同样明显高于对照组（P<0.05）;（2）研究组患者的呼吸功能指标PEF、PaO₂,以及肺功能指标FEV₁、FEV₁/FVC均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）;（3）研究组患者MC-CP与PEF、PaO₂呈现明显负相关联系（r=-0.558、-0.700,P<0.001）,研究组患者Th17与PEF、PaO₂呈现明显负相关联系（r=-0.695、-0.774,P<0.001）;（4）研究组患者MC-CP与FEV₁、FEV₁/FVC呈现明显负相关联系（r=-0.609、-0.481,P<0.001）,研究组患者Th17与FEV₁、FEV₁/FVC呈现明显负相关联系（r=-0.622、-0.561,P<0.001）。结论：老年支气管哮喘患者血清MC-CP及Th17水平会出现异常升高状态,而呼吸功能与肺功能会出现降低,相关性分析显示此类患者血清MC-CP及Th17水平与其呼吸功能、肺功能均呈现负相关联系。     

Interactions of the DNA intercalator acridine orange, with itself, with caffeine, and with double stranded DNA

Caffeine (CAF) inhibits the intercalation of acridine orange (AO) into cellular DNA. Optical absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy were employed to determine the molecular interactions of AO with itself, with CAF, and with double stranded herring sperm DNA (dsDNA). AO dimerization was observed at concentrations >2 micromol. The sharp increase in fluorescence (lambda(em)=530 nm) at 5 micromol of AO was attributed to AO multimer formation. From 0.5 to 5.0 micromol, the AO self-association binding constant (K(assoc)) was determined to be 38620 mol(-1), however, the presence of 150 mmol NaCl increased K(assoc) to 118000 mol(-1) attributed to the charge neutralization. The K(assoc) for AO with CAF was confirmed to be 256 mol(-1). K(assoc) for the binding of AO with 20 micromol DNA ranged from, 32000 mol(-1) at 2 micromol AO, to approximately 3700 mol(-1) at 10 micromol AO, in the absence of NaCl. This AO concentration dependency of K(assoc) value with DNA was attributed to AO intercalation into dsDNA at high dsDNA/AO ratios, and electrostatic binding of AO to dsDNA at low AO ratios. The findings provide information used to explain fluorescence intensity values at lambda(em) at 530 nm from studies that combine AO, caffeine, and dsDNA.     

A pheromonotropic peptide of Helicoverpa zea,with melanizing activity,interaction with PBAN,and distribution of immunoreactivity

The sequence of an 18-amino acid residue peptide was deduced from the gene encoding PBAN and other peptides with common C-termini in Helicoverpa zea. The peptide caused melanization in larvae and pheromone production in females of H. zea, and was designated pheromonotropic melanizing peptide (Hez-PMP). The peptide has a 83% sequence homology with a pheromonotropic peptide isolated from Pseudaletia separata. PMP caused melanization and mortality when injected into larvae just before molting. Whereas intense melanization was caused with a dose of 1,000 pmol, peak mortality occurred at 100 pmol, with 50% of larvae dying within 48 h after injection. Pheromonotropic activity of PMP was dose dependent. Co-injection of Hez-PMP and Hez-PBAN into a female resulted in suppression of the pheromonotropic effect of PBAN. Whole-mount immunocytochemical studies revealed PMP-like immunoreactivity in frontal ganglion, subesophageal, thoracic, and abdominal ganglia as well as the esophageal nerve.     

Mono-association of mice with non-cultivable,intestinal, segmented,filamentous bacteria

A technique is described so that mice mono-associated with non-cultivable, segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB's) can be produced for the first time. As SFB donors, mice were used which had an intestinal microflora consisting of both SFB's and bacteria of the genus Clostridium. Recipients were germ-free mice. It was demonstrated that the intraileal inoculation method was more effective than the orogastric route. Therefore, intestinal homogenates of donor mice were treated with filtered ethanol, diluted and administered intraileally to recipient mice. Evidence is presented that cage mates of the recipient mice were mono-associated with SFB's. The availability of these animals, i.e. in vivo monocultures of SFB's, allows taxonomic and functional characterization of SFB's, which was as yet not possible.Abbreviation SFB Segmented filamentous bacterium     

Studies with a plant fungicide,imazalil, with vapor-phase activity,in the therapy of human alternariosis

The use of a plant fungicide, the imidazole imazalil, in the therapy of human alternariosis is described. The patient's disease involved the palate, nose and sinuses, and had been unresponsive to conventional therapy. Imazalil has been used to treat Alternaria infections of plant materials. The patient's isolate was susceptible in vitro. We also showed that the drug was inhibitory to fungi in vitro as a vapor, not requiring contact by diffusion through agar or broth. The drug was used topically, by installation and irrigation, in this case and administered orally in doses of up to 1 200 mg daily, for 6 months. Peak serum concentrations exceeded 4 meg/ml. The infection was arrested but not cured. The drug was tolerated without evident toxicity, though an unpleasant taste and nausea at high doses were limiting.     

Interaction of tRNA with Safranal,Crocetin, and Dimethylcrocetin

Abstract

Saffron is the red dried stigmas of Crocus sativus L. flowers and used both as a spice and as a drug in traditional therapeutic. The biological activity of saffron in modern medicine is in development. Its numerous applications as an anti-oxidant and anti-cancer agent are due to its secondary metabolites and their derivatives (safranal, crocins, crocetin, dimethylcrocetin). The aim of this study was to examine the interaction of transfer RNA with safranal, crocetin, and dimethylcrocetin in aqueous solution at physiological conditions. Constant tRNA concentration (6.25 mM) and various drug/tRNA (phosphate) molar ratios of 1/48 to 1/8 were used. FT-IR and UV-Visible difference spectroscopic methods have been applied to determine the drug binding mode, the binding constants and the effects of drug complexation on the stability and conformation of tRNA duplex. External binding mode was observed for safranal crocetin and dimethylcrocetin, with overall binding constants K_safranal = 6.8 (± 0.34) × 10³ M^?1, K_CRT = 1.4 (± 0.31) × 10⁴ M^?1, and K_DMCRT = 3.4 (± 0.30) × 10⁴ M^?1. Transfer RNA remains in the A-family structure, upon safranal, crocetin and dimethylcrocetin complexation.     

In vitro propagation of taro,with spermine,arginine, and ornithine

In vitro growth and multiplication of taro [Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum cv. Keladi Birah] was improved considerably, when primary shoot apices were cultured on two modifications of Linsmaier and Skoog [1965] medium, containing 5.5 mg 1^–1 naphthaleneacetic acid and 0.2 mg 1^–1 kinetin or 1.85 mg 1^–1 naphthaleneacetic acid and 2 mg 1^–1 kinetin and supplemented with 10^–4 or 10^–3 mol·1^–1 of polyamine spermine or either of the precursors of polyamine putrescine—arginine and ornithine. Plantlets were regenerated directly from primary shoot apices, axillary buds and protocorm-like bodies [PLB]. Frequency of plantlet regeneration, rate of development and growth in height of main plantlets were enhanced by the addition of arginine and ornithine to the media. Secondary plantlet formation from axillary buds and PLB were promoted by spermine and arginine respectively.     

Desmoglein 3, via an interaction with E-cadherin, is associated with activation of Src

Background

Desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), a desmosomal adhesion protein, is expressed in basal and immediate suprabasal layers of skin and across the entire stratified squamous epithelium of oral mucosa. However, increasing evidence suggests that the role of Dsg3 may involve more than just cell-cell adhesion.

Methodology/Principal Findings

To determine possible additional roles of Dsg3 during epithelial cell adhesion we used overexpression of full-length human Dsg3 cDNA, and RNAi-mediated knockdown of this molecule in various epithelial cell types. Overexpression of Dsg3 resulted in a reduced level of E-cadherin but a colocalisation with the E-cadherin-catenin complex of the adherens junctions. Concomitantly these transfected cells exhibited marked migratory capacity and the formation of filopodial protrusions. These latter events are consistent with Src activation and, indeed, Src-specific inhibition reversed these phenotypes. Moreover Dsg3 knockdown, which also reversed the decreased level of E-cadherin, partially blocked Src phosphorylation.

Conclusions/Significance

Our data are consistent with the possibility that Dsg3, as an up-stream regulator of Src activity, helps regulate adherens junction formation.