鸡输卵管上皮细胞体外分离培养的研究

鸡输卵管上皮细胞是卵清蛋白的主要分泌细胞,是研究输卵管特异表达蛋白调控的重要工具。在以往的研究中,多采用普通DMEM培养液对鸡输卵管上皮细胞进行分离与培养,容易造成其自身特性在体外培养过程中的改变。本研究我们优化了细胞分离方法,发现从输卵管漏斗部组织分离的输卵管上皮细胞增殖较快;用鸡输卵管上皮细胞培养基相比DMEM更适合促进细胞生长;与胰酶相比,用Accutase消化酶进行细胞传代,有利于输卵管上皮细胞特性维持。对所获得的输卵管上皮细胞鉴定发现,己烯雌酚能促进卵清蛋白的表达,说明分离培养的细胞保持了鸡输卵管上皮细胞特性。本研究建立的方法为输卵管特异表达蛋白调控以及家禽生物反应器的研究奠定了基础。     

兔输卵管蛋白具有组织特异性而没有种属特异性

哺乳动物输卵管为配子的最终成熟、配子的运输、受精及早期胚胎发育提供了一个独特的、适宜的环境。可以推测：输卵管粘膜上皮细胞分泌的某些蛋白参与了这些过程。有证据表明：输卵管粘膜上皮细胞分泌因子与克服发育阻断作用的现象“相关”。而且,这些因子在功能上无种属专一性。我们则进一步发现：输卵管因子能克服早期胚胎发育阻断。通过纯化兔输卵管上皮细胞分泌蛋白,制备针对各种不同蛋白组份的多抗血清。进行抗体封闭实验。结果表明：抗６４ｋＤ输卵管蛋白（ＤＰＦ－１）多抗血清能完全阻断体外早期胚胎的正常发育,阻断率达１００％。另外,鼠ＤＰＦ－１抗血清的用量与小鼠早期胚胎体外发育阻断率呈一定的剂量效应关系。Ｉｎｖｉｖｏ抗生育实验,即通过主动免疫雌性小鼠,亦证实ＤＰＦ－１具有克服早期胚胎发育阻断的作用。凡经免疫的雌性小鼠,怀孕后检查发现,近半数的早期胚胎发育均遭阻断,这就进一步表明了ＤＰＦ－１在克服早期胚胎发育阻断并实现由母型向合子型调控过渡过程中的作用。为了深入研究ＤＰＦ－１的理化特性和生物学行为,本文对ＤＰＦ－１进行了初步纯化,并制备了ＤＰＦ－１单抗。选择健康、性成熟、雌性新西兰白兔经自然发情、交配后,１７小时处死。取出输卵管上皮细胞、     

FSH促进牦牛输卵管上皮细胞分泌输卵管特异性糖蛋白的研究

为在胚胎共培养过程中添加相关激素提高哺乳动物胚胎发育的研究提供理论依据,本研究探讨了促卵泡生成素(FSH)对牦牛输卵管上皮细胞分泌特异性糖蛋白的影响。体外分离培养牦牛输卵管上皮细胞,并在细胞中添加不同浓度的FSH,作用6 h后运用荧光定量PCR分析输卵管特异性糖蛋白mRNA的表达水平,并用细胞免疫标记对其分泌输卵管蛋白的部位进行分析。结果显示,FSH的浓度为0.5-5.0μg/m L时,输卵管蛋白的表达量随着FSH浓度的上升而增加,在5.0μg/m L的FSH作用后,输卵管蛋白的mRNA表达量最高;浓度超过10.0μg/m L时,输卵管蛋白基因的表达量降低。结果表明,FSH具有促进输卵管上皮细胞分泌输卵管特异性糖蛋白的作用,且具有剂量依赖性,其最佳作用浓度为5.0μg/m L,输卵管蛋白主要由细胞质分泌。     

MTERF2在人子宫颈癌细胞株中的表达及对细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响

目的:线粒体转录终止因子2(MTERF2)是线粒体类核的重要组成成分,且参与线粒体基因的表达调控。本研究旨在阐明MTERF2基因在体外培养的人类正常子宫颈上皮细胞株和子宫颈癌细胞株中的表达情况,并进一步探讨MTERF2对子宫颈癌HeLa细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响。方法:采用qRT-PCR和Western印迹检测正常子宫颈上皮细胞株(End1/E6E7)和子宫颈癌细胞株(HeLa、SiHa、C-33A、C4-1、CaSki)中MTERF2 mRNA及其蛋白质的表达情况;分别构建MTERF2稳定过表达或下调表达的子宫颈癌HeLa细胞株,通过XTT实验、细胞划痕实验、Transwell迁移实验、Transwell侵袭实验、克隆形成实验和流式细胞术等方法观察MTERF2基因过表达或表达下调对子宫颈癌细胞恶性生物学行为的影响。结果:MTERF2蛋白及mRNA在子宫颈癌细胞株中的表达水平均低于正常宫颈上皮细胞株。与对照组相比,稳定过表达MTERF2的子宫颈癌HeLa细胞增殖能力下降,同时子宫颈癌HeLa细胞的克隆形成能力、迁移能力和侵袭能力均显著下降;细胞周期出现G1/S期阻滞,周期蛋白D1和pRb蛋白的表达水平明显下降。下调MTERF2表达的子宫颈癌HeLa细胞的增殖能力、克隆形成能力、迁移能力和侵袭能力均有所增强,且未出现细胞周期阻滞。此外,稳定过表达或下调MTERF2表达对子宫颈癌HeLa细胞凋亡均没有显著影响。结论:MTERF2基因在子宫颈癌细胞株中的表达水平低于正常子宫颈上皮细胞株,且负调控子宫颈癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭,提示其可能在子宫颈癌发生发展中发挥类似抑癌基因的作用。     

生酮饮食通过上调肝脏和棕色脂肪组织PPARα提高小鼠耐低温能力

本文旨在探究短期生酮饮食对小鼠耐低温能力的影响及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α (peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor α, PPARα)在其中的作用及机制。将C57BL/6J小鼠分为正常饮食(WT+ND)组与生酮饮食(WT+KD)组,室温下分别用正常或生酮饮食饲料喂养2 d后,将其置于4°C环境中12 h,检测小鼠在低温条件下核心温度、血糖、血压的变化,并用Western blot检测PPARα和线粒体解偶联蛋白1 (uncoupling protein 1, UCP1)蛋白表达水平。将PPARα敲除小鼠分为正常饮食(PPARα^-/-+ND)组与生酮饮食(PPARα^-/-+KD)组,室温下分别用正常或生酮饮食饲料喂养2 d后,将其置于4°C环境中12 h,同样进行上述指标检测。结果显示,在室温下,与WT+ND组相比,WT+KD组小鼠肝脏及棕色脂肪组织中PPARα和UCP1蛋白水平均显著上调。在低温条件下,与WT+ND相比,WT+KD组小鼠核心温度及血糖升高,平均动脉压降低;生酮饮食可上调WT+KD...     

Ⅱ型肺泡细胞特异表达SARS冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白转基因小鼠的建立

目的:建立Ⅱ型肺泡细胞特异表达SARS冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)核衣壳蛋白(N蛋白)的转基因小鼠。方法:用分子克隆的方法构建包括肺表面活性蛋白A(SP-A)启动子、SARS-CoVN蛋白基因、β-半乳糖苷酶(LacZ)报告基因和人生长激素(hGH)polyA的转基因载体pSP-A-N。以显微注射的方法将8.3kb的转基因片段引入小鼠受精卵。通过PCR、Southern印迹和LacZ染色检测子代小鼠中转基因的整合及表达。结果:共注射952枚受精卵,移植至42只假孕母小鼠的输卵管中发育,获得子代小鼠128只,经PCR、Southern印迹鉴定,其中11只小鼠基因组上整合有SARS-CoVN蛋白基因,整合率为8.6%。鉴定结果显示,11只转基因首建者小鼠中有1只表达外源基因并能正常传代。LacZ染色结果表明N蛋白基因在转基因小鼠Ⅱ型肺上皮细胞中特异表达。结论:成功构建了Ⅱ型肺泡细胞特异表达SARS-CoVN蛋白的转基因小鼠,为深入研究该基因的病理生理学效应奠定了基础。     

λgtlSfi-Not作载体构建兔输卵管上皮细胞表达型cDNA文库

λｇｔｌＳｆｉ┐Ｎｏｔ作载体构建兔输卵管上皮细胞表达型ｃＤＮＡ文库刘传聚沈虹顾正吕吉宁左嘉客（中国科学院上海细胞生物学研究所,上海２０００３１）兔输卵管上皮细胞合成并分泌的某些蛋白组份具克服小鼠早胚发育阻断的功能〔１,２〕．利用“功能缺失”分析从...     

实验性肝硬化大鼠肠上皮细胞间紧密连接蛋白occludin表达下降

目的研究实验性肝硬化大鼠大肠上皮细胞间紧密连接蛋白occludin表达的变化。方法参照文献1,给大鼠反复腹腔注射CCl4制备化学性肝硬化大鼠动物模型。实验4周、8周分批处死动物,应用免疫组织化学及Western blot检测肝硬化进程中,大鼠大肠上皮细胞间紧密连接蛋白occludin的定位及表达的变化。结果occludin蛋白主要沿大鼠大肠粘膜上皮细胞膜的顶端呈线状分布,在肝硬化组大鼠,4周时occludin的阳性染色开始减少,8周时更为明显。Western blot结果与免疫组织化学结果相一致,4周时开始下降(0.51±0.07),8周时达到最低值(0.32±0.05),与对照组(0.83±0.09)相比差异显著(P<0.05)。结论在肝硬化进程中,大肠上皮细胞间紧密连接蛋白occludin表达下降。     

HeLa细胞表达分泌重组eGFP-DPF-1在卵母细胞上的定位

将兔输卵管蛋白(DPF-1)基因连结于增强型绿色荧光蛋白(eGFP)基因5′端,构建了真核表达重组质粒(pEGFP-N1/DPF-1),转染HeLa细胞,获得稳定表达分泌融合蛋白eGFP-DPF-1的HeLa细胞株。该融合蛋白呈现的分子量达120 KD,提示经翻译后修饰。取兔卵母细胞-卵丘细胞复合物(COC)、去除卵丘细胞后的卵母细胞或输卵管内的卵母细胞,与该株细胞共培养或培养于该株细胞条件培液中,观察兔输卵管蛋白在兔卵母细胞上的分布。结果显示DPF-1大量结合于卵母细胞透明带,先结合于透明带内层,然后维持在内层多外层少的分布状态上;在卵母细胞质膜表面则呈点状均匀分布。DPF-1在卵母细胞上的分布不受其周围颗粒细胞的阻碍,且颗粒细胞上未见有DPF-1结合的痕迹。本实验首次证实体外真核细胞表达分泌的输卵管蛋白能与卵母细胞结合,并借助绿色荧光蛋白作为示踪信号体外直接观察到该表达产物在卵母细胞上的动态分布,为进一步深入分析输卵管蛋白的功能提供了线索,也为研究输卵管内其他蛋白在配子/早胚上定位提供了可行的办法。     

HeLa细胞表达分泌重组eGFP—DPF-1在卵母细胞上的定位

将兔输卵管蛋白(DPF-1)基因连结于增强型绿色荧光蛋白(eGFP)基因5′端,构建了真核表达重组质粒(pEGFP-N1／DPF-1),转染HeLa细胞,获得稳定表达分泌融合蛋白eGFP—DPF-1的HeLa细胞株。该融合蛋白呈现的分子量达120KD,提示经翻译后修饰。取兔卵母细胞-卵丘细胞复合物(COC)、去除卵丘细胞后的卵母细胞或输卵管内的卵母细胞,与该株细胞共培养或培养于该株细胞条件培液中,观察兔输卵管蛋白在兔卵母细胞上的分布。结果显示DPF-1大量结合于卵母细胞透明带,先结合于透明带内层,然后维持在内层多外层少的分布状态上;在卵母细胞质膜表面则呈点状均匀分布。DPF-1在卵母细胞上的分布不受其周围颗粒细胞的阻碍,且颗粒细胞上未见有DPF-1结合的痕迹。本实验首次证实体外真核细胞表达分泌的输卵管蛋白能与卵母细胞结合,并借助绿色荧光蛋白作为示踪信号体外直接观察到该表达产物在卵母细胞上的动态分布,为进一步深入分析输卵管蛋白的功能提供了线索,也为研究输卵管内其他蛋白在配子／早胚上定位提供了可行的办法。     

Overexpression of monkey oviductal protein: purification and characterization of recombinant protein and its antibodies

The secretory cells lining the lumen of the mammalian oviduct synthesize and secrete high molecular weight glycoprotein (OGP). Molecular cDNA cloning of most of the mammalian OGP has been accomplished. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences show a remarkable homology across species and also to chitinase protein. Even though OGP has been shown to interact with gametes and the early embryo, the protein's direct function has not yet been established. A prerequisite for such studies is the availability of well-characterized protein in bulk. We used recombinant DNA technology to obtain OGP (rOGP). An authentic partial cDNA clone encoding bonnet monkey (Macaca radiata) OGP (accession number AF132 215) was recloned into expression vector pET20b. Overexpression of the protein could be demonstrated after induction with isopropylthio-beta-galactopyranoside. Recombinant protein was purified by gel filtration of Escherichia coli lysate through Sephadex G75. The protein migrated with a molecular weight of approximately 14 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight as assessed by matrix-assisted laser adsorption time-of-flight was 14 439 daltons. With Western blot procedures the protein could be immunostained with antibodies to human OGP, baboon OGP, and antipeptide antibodies generated against a well-conserved region of mammalian OGP. The monospecificity of rabbit antibodies generated against rOGP was established by its ability to immunostain human OGP (100-110 kDa) isolated from hydrosalpinx by Western blot analysis, and the antibody immunostained epithelial cells that secrete OGP in human fallopian tubes. OGP binding sites on the head and tail region of monkey sperm could be demonstrated by using antibody against rOGP.     

Sequence analysis of feline oviductin and its expression during the estrous cycle in the domestic cat (Felis catus)

Oviductins belong to a family of oviduct-specific glycoproteins believed to play an important role in fertilization and/or early embryonic development. Oviductin cDNA between species is highly conserved and shares 58% to 98% similarity in the deduced amino acid sequences. Our objective in this study was to sequence the full open reading frame of the feline oviductin and to examine its expression during the estrous cycle on both mRNA and protein level. The obtained cDNA containing the full open reading frame was determined to be 1677 nucleotides coding for a deduced protein of 558 amino acids. Identities between species range from 74% (mouse) to 80% (human, baboon, and rhesus) within the N-terminal protein region. Major differences were localized in the carboxy terminal region, which corresponds to exon 11 of the gene. Feline oviductin contained one putative N-linked glycosylation site, six O-linked glycosylation sites, a potential heparin binding site, and two cholesterol recognition and/or interaction amino acid consensus (CRAC) domains. Oviductin expression was analyzed by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Both approaches revealed an estrous cycle-dependent expression in the ampulla and isthmus. Quantitative PCR showed highest oviductin mRNA copy numbers in the early and late follicular stage and reduced mRNA expression during all other stages. With the exception of the early follicular stage, feline oviductin mRNA abundance was not significantly different in the oviductal segments ampulla and isthmus. A prominent immunolabeling was seen in the early and late follicular stage which disappeared after ovulation, indicating a function of the protein during sperm storage and fertilization.     

Antibodies against the C—terminal peptide of rabbit oviductin inhibit mouse early embryo development to pass 2—cell stage

INTRODUCTIONUp to date, little is known about the func-tions of oviductins in promoting the developmentof mammalian early embryo. When the fertilizedeggs of mammals are cultured in composition definedmedium in vitro, they are often blocked at certaindevelopmental stage, called "early embryonic devel-opment block". The time of development block ofearly embryo is not consistent in different species.In mouse it happened at 2--cell stage, so called the2--cell block. In essence, the cause of t…     

Species-specific effect of oviductal glycoproteins on hamster sperm binding to hamster oocytes

The secretory cells of the oviductal epithelium secrete a high- molecular-weight glycoprotein (OGP). OGPs from different mammalian species show similar immunological characteristics, their cDNAs show high homologies, and they associate with the zona pellucida of oviductal oocytes in vivo. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of OGP obtained from different species on the binding of hamster sperm to hamster oocytes. Hamster oocytes were inseminated (30 min) in the presence or absence of homologous or heterologous OGPs, and sperm bound/oocyte were counted after removing loosely attached sperm. Ovarian oocytes had an average of 2.9 ± 0.6 sperm bound/oocyte, whereas oviductal oocytes had 36.3 ± 2.7. Hamster OGP (0.1 mg/ml) significantly increased sperm binding to ovarian oocytes twofold and had no effect on sperm bound/oviductal oocytes. Human OGP (0.5 mg/ml) significantly decreased sperm binding to ovarian oocytes (0.9 ± 0.3 sperm bound/oocyte). This effect was dose dependent for oviductal oocytes and could be blocked by preincubating human OGP with a specific antibody to human OGP. The presence of baboon and cow OGP during the insemination of hamster oviductal oocytes also resulted in a significant decrease in sperm bound/oocyte, whereas the addition of hamster OGP to hamster oviductal oocytes had no effect. These results show that homologous OGP enhances sperm binding to the ZP, whereas heterologous OGP inhibits that effect. Thus, our results suggest that OGP plays a role in the species-specific characteristics of sperm/ZP interaction, and that one must use a homologous system (OGP and gametes from the same species) to study the biological effect of OGP. Mol Reprod Dev 46:201–207, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Cervical expression of hyaluronan synthases varies with the stage of the estrous cycle in the ewe

The natural cervical relaxation which occurs at estrus in the ewe may be initiated by binding of hyaluronan (HA) to its receptor CD44. Indeed, we have previously shown that HA content and fragment size in the ovine cervix varies with the stage of the estrous cycle. Despite the importance of cervical relaxation in promoting sperm transport and facilitating the possible development of transcervical artificial insemination (AI), the mechanisms coordinating these changes in HA content remain to be defined. Hyaluronan synthases (HAS) 1, 2, and 3 regulate HA biosynthesis and herein, we describe the changing pattern of HAS isoform expression during the estrous cycle to determine whether this may underpin HA-mediated changes in relaxation of the ovine cervix. Accordingly, cervices were collected from 24 cyclic sheep (n = 8 / group) at the luteal, pre-luteinizing hormone (LH) and post-LH surge stages. Protein and mRNA expression for HAS 1, 2 and 3 was determined in five different tissue layers (epithelium, subepithelial stroma, and longitudinal, circular and transverse muscle) of the vaginal, mid and uterine regions of each cervix by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, respectively. HA synthases were expressed in all the tissue layers and regions of the cervix, and the pattern of expression was similar for mRNA and protein. HAS1 protein and mRNA expression was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher at the pre-LH surge stage, while HAS 2 and 3 protein and mRNA expression was significantly (P ≤ 0.001) higher at the luteal stage. Overall, both HAS protein and mRNA expression was significantly (P ≤ 0.001) higher in the epithelial layer and the vaginal region. These findings are in accordance with our previous results and explain the differences observed in the HA content and differing HA fragment size at different stages of the estrous cycle.     

Cloning of rat sp56,the homologue of mouse sperm ZP3 receptor—sp56

Mouse sp56 is considered as one of the candidates for mouse zona pellucida 3(mZP3)receptor,Up to date,its homologue has only been cloned from guinea pig,namely,AM67.Based on the cDNA sequence of mouse sp56,we designed a pair of primer to amplify its homologue from rat testis cDNA.Using RT-PCR, two tragments of 743 bp and 938 bp were amplified.The PCR products show very high homology to mouse sp56.However,the 743 bp product completely lacks one of the seven Sushi domains of mouse sp56.Using the 743 bp product as the probe to detect the expression profile of sp56 in rat tissues,Northern blot shows that a-2.0kb mRNA expresses specifically in testis.Employed the RACE method,two full cDNA sequences of rat sp56 were obtained.A Mr-42KD band was detected in denatured and non-reducing protein sample of rat testis and sperm with anti-mouse sp56 monoclonal antibody by Western blot method.Rat sp56 was localized on rat sperm head by the indirect immunofluorescence method.Rat sp56 immunoreactivity was detected from the early pachytene spermatocytes and throughout the spermatogenesis.Its cloning will further our understanding of the mechanism of the sperm-egg recognition and binding.     

Expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4, insulin-like growth factor-I receptor, and insulin-like growth factor-I in the mouse uterus throughout the estrous cycle

Recent evidence suggests that a regulated insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system mediates the effects of estrogen, promoting the proliferation and differentiation of specific uterine cell types throughout the estrous cycle and during gestation in the rodent. Previous studies have shown that IGFs are differentially expressed in the mouse uterus during the periimplantation period. In the current study, we examined the expression of IGF binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4), IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR), and IGF-I in the mouse uterus throughout the estrous cycle. Ligand blot analysis was conducted on uterine homogenates using [125I]IGF-I. IGFBP-4 was detected in all uterine homogenates, varying in intensity throughout the estrous cycle. In situ hybridization studies at metestrus and diestrus demonstrated an intense IGFBP-4 mRNA signal in antimesometrial stromal cells between the luminal epithelium and the myometrium, but at proestrus and estrus, no IGFBP-4 signal was detected. No IGF-I mRNA was detected at any stage of the estrous cycle by in situ hybridization. However, by RT-PCR analysis, IGF-I mRNA was detected at all stages of the estrous cycle. RT-PCR analysis also showed IGF-IR mRNA throughout the estrous cycle. Using immunohistochemistry, IGF-IR immunostaining was detected throughout the estrous cycle and on days 2-7 of gestation, but was restricted to the glandular epithelium. These results suggest that uterine IGFBP-4 expression may not be dependent on uterine IGF-I expression. They also suggest that IGFBP-4 may play a role in uterine physiology independent of the inhibition of IGF-I action, and that IGF-IR is constitutively expressed in the mouse uterus.