Splint纠正CR—CO不调时对下颌骨位置的影响

目的：研究Splint在纠正CR-CO不调时对下颌骨位置变化的影响,为正畸治疗前正确的诊断和治疗提供参考。方法：随机选取门诊戴用Splint治疗的患者23例,在其治疗前后拍摄头颅定位侧位片,应用Jarabak分析法测量并进行统计学分析。结果：患者戴用Splint治疗后,出现下颌后缩,面下1／3变长;口内表现为前牙覆盖变大,覆牙合变浅或者开牙合,可见早接触点;前后头影测量结果比较显示N—Go-Me显著增加（P〈0．05）,后面高／前面高、S-Ar-Go和N—Go-Me较治疗前显著减小（P〈0．05）,N—S—Ar和Ar-Go—Me治疗前后无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：Splint在纠正CR—CO不调时,同时改变了下颌骨的位置,使下颌骨发生顺时针方向旋转。因此,在正畸治疗之前,应该充分考虑下颌骨可能发生的这种变化,以便更好的确定正畸治疗方案。     

Twin-block矫治器治疗下颌后缩患者牙颌面硬组织及颞下颌关节变化的临床研究

目的:研究Twin-block矫治器对青少年安氏Ⅱ类错牙合下颌后缩患者牙合面及颞下颌关节的改建能力,从而评估该矫治器的矫治效果。方法:选取20例替牙期及恒牙列早期安氏II类错牙合下颌后缩患者,采用Twin-block矫治器进行治疗,治疗前后均拍摄X线头颅侧位定位片及颞下颌关节核磁共振片,进行牙合面硬组织及髁状突的测量,包括下颌骨长(Co-Gn)、下颌升支长(Co-Go)、下颌体长(Go-Gn)、髁状突宽度、髁状突高度以及关节间隙的测量。结果:与治疗前相比,下颌骨长(Co-Gn)、下颌升支长(Co-Go)、下颌体长(Go-Gn)均显著增加(P0.05),差异均有统计学意义;髁状突高度显著增加(P0.05),髁状突宽度及关节前、上、后间隙无明显变化(P0.05)。结论:Twin-block矫治器对生长发育高峰期患者具有明显的骨矫形作用,髁状突的适应性改建是其主要机制。     

口腔正畸治疗牙周病致前牙移位的临床疗效观察

目的:探究口腔正畸治疗牙周病致前牙移位的临床疗效,为牙周病治疗提供依据。方法:选择2011年8月~2013年8月间我院28例因牙周病致前牙移位患者(464颗)。所有患者均进行牙周病治疗,再行口腔正畸治疗,观察患者治疗前后的各项指标变化。结果:经治疗,有效率为67.24%(312/464);与治疗前相比,患者治疗后牙齿松动度、探诊出血率、前牙覆牙合值、前牙覆盖值及牙周袋深度明显减轻或降低,治疗前后比较差异均有统计学差异(均P0.05);牙槽骨高度改变无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:通过口腔正畸治疗牙周病致前牙移位,不仅可有效减轻病患牙齿的松动度,改善病患的出血情况,还能有效纠正病患覆牙合覆盖关系以及降低病患的牙周袋深度。安全性好,值得临床推广。     

口腔正畸MIA技术对青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者对龈沟液MMP-2表达水平的影响

目的:探讨口腔正畸微螺钉种植体支抗(Microscrew implant anchor,MIA)技术对青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者对龈沟液基质金属蛋白酶(Matrix metalloproteinase,MMP)-2表达水平的影响。方法:2016年1月1日至2019年12月31日选择在本院诊治的青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者86例,根据治疗方法把患者分为MIA组与对照组,各43例,对照组给予头帽口外弓支抗技术结合直丝弓矫治器治疗,MIA组给予MIA技术结合直丝弓矫治器治疗,检测龈沟液MMP-2表达水平变化情况。结果:MIA组正畸后6个月的总有效率为97.7%,显著高于对照组的81.4%(P<0.05)。两组正畸后6个月的SNA角、OB与OJ值低于正畸前,MIA组低于对照组(P<0.05),两组正畸前后SNB角在组内与组间对比差异都无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组正畸后6个月的龈沟液MMP-2值低于正畸前,MIA组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:口腔正畸MIA技术在青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者的应用能抑制龈沟液MMP-2的表达,有利于改善患者的头颅与牙齿的X线指标,从而促进提高治疗效果。     

快速扩弓前方牵引矫治替牙期骨性反合效果的CT观察

目的:应用CBCT观察快速扩弓前方牵引矫治替牙期骨性安氏Ⅲ类错合对上气道的影响。方法:选取替牙期骨性安氏Ⅲ类错合患者22例,采用上颌快速扩弓前方牵引治疗,应用CBCT评估矫治前后上气道的大小和形态的变化。结果:替牙期骨性安氏Ⅲ类错合患者矫治后上气道的总体积、腭咽、舌咽、喉咽及口咽体积显著增大(P0.05);软腭尖、会厌顶平面上气道的截面积及口咽段最小截面积、软腭尖平面矢状径、横径与会厌顶平面横径均显著增大(P0.05);硬腭平面的截面积、横径与矢状径及会厌平面的矢状径无显著变化(P0.05)。软腭尖平面上气道的矢横径比显著增大,会厌顶平面的矢横径比显著减小(P0.05)。结论:快速扩弓前方牵引矫治替牙期骨性安氏Ⅲ类错合患者后上气道变大。     

脊柱侧弯患者下颌骨的三维形态分析

目的:通过锥形束CT对脊柱侧弯患者下颌骨三维重建模型进行测量,分析下颌骨对称性,为进一步揭示脊柱侧弯与错牙合畸形的相互关系提供参考依据。方法:对73例脊柱侧弯患者(其中特发性38例,先天性35例)及40例身体姿势无异常志愿者拍摄锥形束CT并经三维重建后,对下颌骨左右侧结构进行测量分析,对比不对称指数。结果:(1)先天性脊柱侧弯患者脊柱畸形及身体姿势失平衡程度较特发性脊柱侧弯患者严重。(2)脊柱侧弯患者下颌骨体长度、下颌升支长度、下颌骨总长度不对称指数均较对照组无明显差异(P0.05)。(3)脊柱侧弯组中下颌角点成角不对称指数均较对照组高(P0.05),先天性脊柱侧弯组髁突顶点成角也明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:脊柱侧弯患者下颌骨结构偏斜,提示脊柱形态及身体姿势对下颌骨发育可能存在一定影响。     

成人骨性Ⅲ类错治疗前后下切牙牙根吸收情况研究

目的:利用CBCT(Cone-Beam CT)三维重建技术评估成人骨性Ⅲ类错患者在正颌手术前的正畸治疗中,下切牙唇向移动后的牙根吸收情况。方法:对17名需要进行正颌手术的成人骨性Ⅲ类患者分别在矫治前及正颌手术前对下切牙区进行CBCT扫描,经软件处理进行三维重建,对每个牙根单独成像后分别测量其牙根体积。利用统计学方法比较治疗前后牙根体积量及吸收量百分比的变化。结果:①下切牙在唇向移动后牙根体积显著减小,具有统计学差异;②不同牙位间牙根吸收量百分比比较,无统计学差异。结论:成人骨性Ⅲ类错在术前正畸治疗移动下切牙的过程中,下切牙牙根发生了较为明显的吸收。在临床治疗中需要引起足够重视。     

成年人个别牙早失伴错(牙合)畸形修复前正畸治疗的临床观察

目的:探讨成年人个别牙缺失伴错牙合患者,通过正畸治疗校正错牙合后,修复治疗的疗效情况。方法:对16例成年人个别牙缺失致前牙散在间隙或伴有反牙合患者,采用直丝弓矫治技术进行修复前正畸治疗。结果:16例成年人个别牙缺失伴错牙合畸形的患者经过修复前正畸治疗后,再进行牙列缺损修复治疗,获得了令患者较为满意的疗效,外貌也得到了改善。结论:通过正畸、修复相结合的口腔综合治疗,可以有效地使便利体获得更加完善的口腔功能及美观效果。     

内外联合固定术治疗骨盆骨折的临床疗效及对血清ALP, TNF-α,TGF-β水平的影响

目的:研究内外联合固定术治疗骨盆骨折的临床观疗效及对血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)水平的影响。方法:选取2014年8月至2015年7月本院收治的86例骨盆骨折患者,根据入院顺序分为观察组和对照组,43例每组。对照组使用常规内固定术,观察为内外联合固定术。分析两组患者临床疗效、手术情况、并发症的发生情况,比较两组患者治疗前后血清ALP、TNF-α、TGF-β水平的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组的优良率显著高于对照组[81.40%(35/43)比41.86%(18/43)](P0.05),手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间显著短于或少于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前,两组患者血清ALP、TNF-α、TGF-β水平比较无显著性差异(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者血清ALP水平显著高于治疗前(P0.05),TNF-α、TGF-β水平较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),其中观察组的ALP水平明显比对照组高(P0.05),TNF-α、TGF-β水平明显比对照组低(P0.05)。观察组的并发症发生率明显低于对照组[0.00%(0/43)比11.63%(5/43)](P0.05)。结论:内外联合固定术治疗骨盆骨折患者的临床疗效和安全性均较高,可有效升高患者血清ALP水平,降低TNF-α、TGF-β水平。     

新生儿唇腭裂术前矫治方法与技术的临床探讨

目的:评价新生儿唇腭裂术前进行鼻-牙槽突-腭畸形矫治方法的疗效。方法:对28例单双侧唇腭裂新生儿进行术前鼻-牙槽突-腭畸形矫治治疗,在面部确定基点,利用数码相机拍射照片,通过image-Pro Plus5.1软件测量相关距离及角度,测量治疗前后的鼻小柱倾斜度、鼻小柱长度、鼻孔宽度和鼻孔高度。治疗前后取上颌石膏模型进行牙槽骨裂隙宽度的测量,比较矫治治疗前后腭部裂隙最大处及牙槽突裂隙的变化。结果:鼻小柱倾斜度平均减小27.11°,鼻孔宽度平均减小4.39 mm(单)或5.29 mm(双),鼻孔高度平均增加2.56 mm(单)或3.57 mm(双),牙槽突裂隙平均减少3.18 mm,腭部裂隙最大处平均减少5.77 mm。治疗前后的各项差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),鼻塌陷畸形程度也得到显著改善。结论:术前进行鼻-牙槽突-腭畸形矫治治疗可为唇腭裂患者手术治疗创造有利条件,提高其整复效果。     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Observations on the permeability of the choriocapillaris of the eye

Summary The choriocapillaris is a fenestrated capillary bed located posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. It serves as the main source of supply to the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and other cells of the outer retina. The permeability of these capillaries to intravenously injected ferritin (MW — approx. 480,000; mol. diam. 11 nm) was examined in the mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig, each of which is characterized by a different type of retinal vascularization. In all three species, the bulk of the ferritin remained in the capillary lumina, where it appeared to be blocked at the level of the diaphragmed fenestrae. Some ferritin was present in endothelial cell vacuoles. The results confirm previous work on the rat choriocapillaris and indicate that the barrier function of the choriocapillary endothelium is present even among species in which the retinal circulation differs significantly.Supported by NIH grant EY03418     

Separation of the pineal vesicle from the wall of the third ventricle during the post-hatching development of the chicken

Summary According to light- and electron-microscopic observations the pineal organ of the 3-day-old chicken consists of a prominent end vesicle and a tapering parenchymal stalk. During this stage the pineal lumen is in open communication with the third ventricle. However, in the 40-day-old chicken, which still possesses a well-developed end vesicle, the proximal portion of the pineal stalk displays regressive changes leading to local fragmentation. At this stage the pineal stalk is reduced, and the pineal lumen is missing. In 1-year-old chickens the parenchyma of the proximal portion of the stalk is further diminished, and in 3-year-old domestic fowl is completely displaced by bundles of collagenous fibers, only some nerve fibers being present. This post-hatching pineal development may reflect the sequence of changes leading from pineal sense organs to pineal glands.This work was supported by a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan