一种改进的丝状真菌DNA提取方法

以丝状真菌雅致枝霉(Thamnidium elegans)和深黄伞形霉(Umbelopsis isabellina)为材料, 使用优化的CTAB法提取基因组DNA。改进后的方法使用液氮冻融以及玻璃珠振荡的方法代替了传统的液氮研磨, 所需菌体量少, 而得到的基因组DNA比用传统的CTAB法得到的基因组DNA产率高、纯度好、且步骤简单, 适用于一次微量提取多个样品的基因组DNA。这种方法得到的基因组DNA可用于大部分分子生物学基本实验如PCR和DNA的酶切等。     

一种经济快速提取丝状真菌基因组DNA的方法

以螺旋木霉(Trichoderma SpiraleXX)、小克银汉霉(Cunninghamella phaeospora MK)和卵形孢球托霉(Gongronella butleri XT)3种丝状真菌为材料,采用改进的CTAB法提取基因组DNA.方法改进后无需液氮、聚乙烯砒咯烷酮(PVP)和NaAc等试剂,过程简洁,且所需菌体量少,提取的DNA纯度较好,适用于一次微量提取多个样品的基因组DNA.此方法得到的基因组DNA可用于PCR扩增.     

苛求芽孢杆菌基因组DNA提取方法的比较

目的:比较不同方法提取苛求芽孢杆菌基因组DNA的差异。方法:用经典CTAB提取法、改进CTAB法(溶菌酶处理结合CTAB提取法)、UniQ柱吸附提取法制备苛求芽孢杆菌基因组DNA,比较产物完整性和用于PCR扩增的有效性。结果:三种方法制备基因组DNA纯度接近,但改进CTAB法产率最高,UniQ法产率最低。经典CTAB法和UniQ法提取基因组DNA易降解。三种方法所得基因组DNA用于PCR扩增效率接近。结论:溶菌酶裂解结合CTAB提取更适合制备苛求芽孢杆菌基因组DNA。     

大青杨基因组DNA提取方法的比较

本研究采用改良SDS法、常规CTAB法和改良CTAB法(1.5×CTAB,2×CTAB,3×CTAB)提取大青杨基因组DNA,并用紫外光普分析、凝胶电泳、限制性内切酶消化和RAPD方法进行鉴定.结果表明:5种方法中,改良SDS法DNA提取率最高,但CTAB法比改良SDS法提取获得的DNA纯度高,OD260/OD280为1.73～1.81.与常规CTAB法比较,改良SDS法和改良CTAB法能有效去除蛋白、多糖、酚类及次生代谢物质.综合分析确定改良2×CTAB法为大青杨基因组DNA的最佳提取方法.     

CTAB法提取野野村菌基因组DNA

针对用常规方法难以提取野野村菌基因组DNA的问题,通过选用添加甘氨酸的不同培养基和不同培养时间获得的菌丝体,采用液氮研磨结合CTAB法提取野野村菌DNA,电泳检测及计算OD260/OD280值。结果表明,在添加0.3%甘氨酸的麦芽汁-酵母膏(YE)培养基中振荡培养培养3d的菌丝体适合于DNA提取,用CTAB法获得的基因组DNA,长度约为20kb,且OD260/OD280在1.8左右,达到基因组DNA-DNA杂交的要求。     

一种改良的CTAB法提取产多糖真菌DNA

真菌胞外多糖由于其高吸附高粘稠特点,是困扰从胞外多糖产生菌分离高纯度DNA的难点之一。本文以生产硬葡聚糖的齐整小核菌生产菌为代表,采用改良的CTAB法获得了高质量的基因组DNA。通过分层隔离等培养方法的优化降低硬葡聚糖的产生,并在传统CTAB法的基础上,用高浓度的醋酸钾和无水乙醇共同作用初步沉淀多糖,再用CTAB/NaCl溶液再次去除多糖。相比于商业的DNA提取试剂盒和传统的CTAB法,该方法得到的基因组DNA产率大幅提高,纯度较好,可充分排除胞外多糖的干扰,为各典型产胞外多糖的真菌DNA提取提供重要的参考。提取的基因组DNA可用于基因组文库构建、PCR等分子生物学实验。     

改良CTAB法提取番石榴叶片总DNA

目的:从番石榴叶片中快速提取高质量的总DNA。方法:改良CTAB法。主要改进之处在于不用液氮,而是直接研磨硅胶干燥样品;用高浓度CTAB、低浓度乙醇与NaCl盐析相结合等方法去除多糖。结果:应用改良后的方法可以快速提取番石榴叶片总DNA,有效去除组织中的多糖、蛋白质,抑制提取过程中的组织褐变。提取的DNA可用于限制性内切酶酶切和PCR扩增。结论:传统CTAB法经过改良,可用于快速提取番石榴高质量DNA。     

改良CTAB法提取林木树种基因组DNA的研究

目的:验证改良CTAB法提取不同林木树种基因组DNA的效果,寻求一种对于不同林木树种基因组DNA提取普遍使用的方法。方法:采用改良的CTAB法提取22种木本植物基因组DNA,并对其进行定性、定量分析及酶切分析。结果:采用本法可以去除多糖和其他次生代谢物并获得高质量的DNA。结论:该方法可以作为一种适于在实验室进行的林木树种基因组DNA的提取方法。     

5种常见植物DNA提取效率的比较

以小麦、玉米、甘蓝、花生、菠菜的幼嫩叶片为实验材料,采用高盐低pH值法、SDS法和CTAB法3种不同的DNA提取方法,提取其总DNA,用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测和紫外分光光度法对所得DNA进行比较分析.结果表明:玉米和菠菜采用SDS法提取基因组DNA效果明显优于CTAB和高盐低pH法.CTAB法对高脂肪花生的DNA提取,所得浓度较高.而高盐低pH值法建议减少使用.     

金丝小枣基因组DNA的优化提取方法

采用SDS和CTAB两种方法分离提取金丝小枣基因组DNA,并比较其提取效果。结果表明,改进后的CTAB法可获得高质量、高得率的基因组DNA,可用于金丝小枣的各种分子生物学研究。     

噬菌体DNA的快速抽提

介绍一种噬菌体DNA的快速抽提方法.用聚乙二醇沉淀噬菌体颗粒,然后经DEAE纤维素纯化处理和酚抽提.与传统的噬菌体DNA纯化方法相比,改进后的方法方便、快速、经济,可获得高纯度的噬菌体DNA.     

Comparison of genomic DNA extraction techniques from whole blood samples: a time,cost and quality evaluation study

Genomic DNA obtained from patient whole blood samples is a key element for genomic research. Advantages and disadvantages, in terms of time-efficiency, cost-effectiveness and laboratory requirements, of procedures available to isolate nucleic acids need to be considered before choosing any particular method. These characteristics have not been fully evaluated for some laboratory techniques, such as the salting out method for DNA extraction, which has been excluded from comparison in different studies published to date. We compared three different protocols (a traditional salting out method, a modified salting out method and a commercially available kit method) to determine the most cost-effective and time-efficient method to extract DNA. We extracted genomic DNA from whole blood samples obtained from breast cancer patient volunteers and compared the results of the product obtained in terms of quantity (concentration of DNA extracted and DNA obtained per ml of blood used) and quality (260/280 ratio and polymerase chain reaction product amplification) of the obtained yield. On average, all three methods showed no statistically significant differences between the final result, but when we accounted for time and cost derived for each method, they showed very significant differences. The modified salting out method resulted in a seven- and twofold reduction in cost compared to the commercial kit and traditional salting out method, respectively and reduced time from 3 days to 1 hour compared to the traditional salting out method. This highlights a modified salting out method as a suitable choice to be used in laboratories and research centres, particularly when dealing with a large number of samples.     

An improved method to extract DNA from mango Mangifera indica

High quality genomic DNA is the first step in the development of DNA-based markers for fingerprinting and genetic diversity of crops, including mango (Mangifera indica L.), a woody perennial. Poor quality genomic DNA hinders the successful application of analytical DNA-based tools. Standard protocols for DNA extraction are not suitable for mango since the extracted genomic DNA often contains secondary metabolites that interfere with analytical applications. In this study, we employed an additional step to remove polysaccharides, polyphenols and secondary metabolites from genomic DNA extracted from young or mature leaf tissue; then a modified traditional cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method was applied. The use of 0.4 M glucose improved DNA quality and avoided contamination and browning by polyphenolics, relative to the traditional CTAB method. This is an easy and efficient method for genomic DNA extraction from both young and mature leaves of mango. The isolated DNA was free of polysaccharides, polyphenols, RNA and other major contaminants, as judged by its clear colour, its viscosity, A²⁶⁰/A²⁸⁰ ratio and suitability for PCR-based reactions. This modified protocol was also used to extract high quality genomic DNA from other woody perennials, including walnut, guava, lychee, pear, grape and sugarcane.     

降香黄檀基因组DNA的提取方法研究

目的：建立适合降香黄檀基因组DNA的提取方法。方法：采用常规SDS法、常规CTAB法和改良CTAB法等3种方法提取降香黄檀叶片基因组DNA,经电泳、吸光度、酶切检测比较提取结果;对采用改良CTAB法提取的基因组DNA进行ISSR-PCR检测。结果：改良CTAB法通过增加洗涤样品步骤,有效去除了多糖和多酚类物质,提取的DNA质量好,无降解现象,无蛋白质、盐离子及RNA污染。结论：改良CTAB法是一种高效的提取方法,使用该方法所得DNA的质量完全能够满足相应的分子操作需要。     

Comparison of five DNA extraction methods for molecular analysis of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)

DNA extraction is an essential step for molecular analysis of an organism, but it is difficult to acquire a sufficient amount of pure DNA from plant tissue with high levels of phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, proteins, and secondary metabolites. Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) has high levels of such substances. We compared five commonly used methods of extracting genomic DNA in tests made with leaves and seed of four Jerusalem artichoke genotypes: 1) modified method of Tai and Tanksley, 2) method of Doyle and Doyle, 3) method of Porebski, 4) modified method of ?torchová, and 5) Plant DNA Kit of Omega Bio-tek. The quality and quantity of extracted DNAs were assessed by photometric assay, electrophoresis on 1% agarose gel and a PCR-based technique. The modified method of Tai and Tanksley was found to be superior for both young leaves and seed. The quality of the extracted DNA was confirmed by sequence-related amplified polymorphism. This information will be useful for molecular analyses of Jerusalem artichoke and other related Helianthus species.     

栗属植物基因组DNA的提取及RAPD、SSR分析

以中国板栗、茅栗和锥栗的叶片为材料,提取栗属的DNA。针对栗属植物富含多酚类等次生物质的特点对栗属DNA的提取方法进行了改良,采用CTAB-蛋白酶K法加重复抽提,去除栗属植物中的相关次生物质,获得了高质量的DNA。所提取的DNA完全满足PCR、RAPD、SSR等一些分子生物学实验要求。     

An efficient purification and fractionation of genomic DNA from soil by modified troughing method

AIMS: The aim of this study was to utilize a modified troughing method for purification of large genomic DNA obtained from microbiota in natural environment and for fractionation of genomic DNA into many size ranges that facilitates construction of metagenomic library. METHODS AND RESULTS: Genomic DNA extracted from soil or termite gut was purified by the modified troughing method which utilized gel electrophoresis in the presence of 30% PEG8000. The method performed better than various purification kits and allowed no significant loss in the amount of DNA recovered. In addition, the efficiency of the modified troughing method for DNA size fractionation was investigated. DNA size fractionation was achieved with repetitive rounds of electrophoresis and DNA collection to obtain DNA with many size ranges. CONCLUSIONS: The modified troughing method is a simple and efficient method for purification of genomic DNA and for DNA size fractionation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The modified troughing method is a straightforward and inexpensive technique readily available for anyone working with environmental genomic DNA. It facilitates cloning of genomic DNA and enhances rapid discovery of useful bioactive compounds from microbial resources.     

香鱼基因组DNA提取方法的优化

为获得高质量的基因组DNA,分别采用传统酚-氯仿法、高盐法、试剂盒法和改进酚氯仿法提取香鱼肌肉基因组DNA。琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测结果表明,改进酚氯仿法提取的基因组DNA电泳条带整齐明亮且无降解。紫外分光度计测定DNA浓度和纯度,结果表明,改进酚氯仿法提取的鱼类基因组DNA浓度约为300μg/mL,A260/A280为1.80-1.86。用改进的酚氯仿法提取的DNA进行AFLP分析,扩增结果稳定,电泳条带清晰。综上所述,改进酚氯仿法能够获得高质量DNA,且可以用于进一步的分子生物学研究。