聚叶钗子股-中国兰科新记录种及形态特征增补(英文稿)

报道了产自滇东南的中国兰科植物一新记录种--聚叶钗子股（Luisia appressifolia Averyanov）。研究发现,已往文献报道该种时,对其花部特征（如花颜色、萼片及花瓣形状、大小等）的描述仅依据腊叶标本,因标本严重失水导致描述信息不准或缺失。本文根据新鲜植株和花部材料对该种相关形态特征给予了补充。     

聚叶钗子股—中国兰科新记录种及形态特征增补（英文）

报道了产自滇东南的中国兰科植物一新记录种——聚叶钗子股(Luisia appressifolia Averyanov)。研究发现,已往文献报道该种时,对其花部特征(如花颜色、萼片及花瓣形状、大小等)的描述仅依据腊叶标本,因标本严重失水导致描述信息不准或缺失。本文根据新鲜植株和花部材料对该种相关形态特征给予了补充。     

中国无尾两栖类新记录种——朝鲜侧褶蛙北大核心CSCD

2021年9月在沈阳市蒲河湿地公园(41°41′54″N,122°52′19″E,海拔35 m)采集到3号无尾两栖类动物,经形态特征比较确认为侧褶蛙属(Pelophylax)金线侧褶蛙种组(P.plancyi species complex)的物种。基于线粒体12S rRNA和16S rRNA基因联合构建的侧褶蛙属部分物种最大似然系统发育树显示,采集到的侧褶蛙标本与朝鲜侧褶蛙(P.chosenicus)聚为一支,且具有较高的支持率(0.95)。综合形态和系统发育比较,确定采集到的标本为无尾目(Anura)蛙科(Ranidae)侧褶蛙属的朝鲜侧褶蛙,系中国两栖动物分布新记录种。     

西北地区三维生态足迹生态安全评价及驱动力分析

西北地区生态脆弱,进行生态安全评估和驱动力分析具有重要意义。选取土地利用影像和植被净初级生产力产品叠加细化均衡因子和产量因子,利用三维生态足迹改进模型测算和空间刻画西北地区2009—2017年的足迹深度,足迹广度和区域三维生态足迹;然后基于上述结果计算生态压力指数、生态协调系数、生态足迹多样性指数、流量资本占用率和存量资本流量利用比描述生态安全变化;最后用STIRPAT扩展模型结合主成分回归模型分析三维生态足迹演变的主要驱动因素。结果表明：(1)2009—2017年研究区的区域足迹广度总体上呈现为先升后降的趋势,2009年最低为3.116 hm~2/人,2016年达到最高为3.796 hm~2/人;区域足迹深度研究期内一直上升,从2009年的11.550 hm~2/人上涨为19.031 hm~2/人;三维生态足迹研究期内也一直增加,由6.006 hm~2/人增加为9.760 hm~2/人。(2)研究区2009—2017年整体生态安全持续恶化,生态压力不断增大,其中宁夏生态安全形势严峻,新疆和陕西生态环境脆弱,甘肃生态安全程度相对较差,青海生态安全良好;不同地区地类的安全状况基本不同,但...     

环足施氏冠蜂——中国新记录种（膜翅目：冠蜂科）

本文结合形态学特征和线粒体COI基因分子数据,记述了采集于我国山东省的冠蜂科一新记录种：环足施氏冠蜂Schlettererius cinctipes (Cresson, 1880),详细描述了该种的形态特征,并提供鉴定特征图以及COI序列。通过与来自于北美、日本和澳洲的环足施氏冠蜂的COI序列对比,相似度达到99.79%。虽然环足施氏冠蜂在我国的寄主未能明确,但由于该蜂从松幽天牛Asemum amurense Kraatz, 1879为害的松木中羽化出来,能为其寄主的确定提供参考。研究标本分别保存在华南农业大学膜翅目标本室（SCAU）和山东省林业科学研究院林业有害生物标本室。     

First fossil fruits of Elaeocarpus (Elaeocarpaceae) in East Asia: Implications for phytogeography and paleoecology

The genus Elaeocarpus contains approximately 360 species and occurs in mesic forest communities from India, through to China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, and New Caledonia. Elaeocarpus fossils are best known from the Eocene to the Miocene of Australia and the late Pliocene–early Pleistocene of India, but have not been documented from East Asia before. Here we describe six new species of Elaeocarpus, E. nanningensis sp. nov. from the late Oligocene Yongning Formation of the Nanning Basin, E. presikkimensis sp. nov. from the Miocene Erzitang Formation of the Guiping Basin, E. prerugosus sp. nov., E. prelacunosus sp. nov., E. preserratus sp. nov., and E. preprunifolioides sp. nov. from the late Miocene Foluo Formation of the Nankang Basin in Guangxi, South China. This is the first reliable report for the genus occurring in East Asia, and the fossils indicate that Elaeocarpus had colonized this region by the late Oligocene and represented by a morphologically diverse group of species by the late Miocene. This sheds new insights into the timing and migration patterns of the genus in East Asia. Elaeocarpus is typically a rainforest genus occurring in mesic forests. Based on the habitat of their morphologically similar modern relatives we propose that these three sedimentary basins were warm and wet adjacent to mountainous regions with the evergreen or rain forests during the late Oligocene to Miocene.     

The evolutionary relationships of the earliest known cycloneuralians and a new record from the Cambrian Fortunian of South China

The Cambrian Fortunian Kuanchuanpu Formation and coeval strata in southern Shaanxi and northern Sichuan Provinces contain phosphatic carbonate that has yielded unambiguous body fossils of cycloneuralians. To date, six genera and species as well as nine indeterminate forms have been reported, and they provided information on the earliest known cycloneuralians and ecdysozoans. Among them, an indeterminate form is critical for understanding the evolution of the Fortunian cycloneuralians, and here I formally name it as Xinliscolex intermedius n. gen. n. sp. It has a series of at least seven longitudinal spinose sclerites on the dorsal side, and sensory structures such as pores and tubules distributed randomly among the annuli. The trunk end has two pairs of bilaterally arranged caudal spines. Micro-CT analysis reveals the preservation of a pharynx with inverted introvert with internally hollow scalids, an esophagus, midgut and hindgut, and a terminal anus. The digestive tract of Xinliscolex intermedius resembles that of modern priapulids, implying that the earliest known cycloneuralians have evolved a relatively derived digestive system, and this lays a foundation for their further diversification and evolution.     

Effect of Vegetation Rehabilitation on Soil Carbon and Its Fractions in Mu Us Desert,Northwest China

Although vegetation rehabilitation on semi-arid and arid regions may enhance soil carbon sequestration, its effects on soil carbon fractions remain uncertain. We carried out a study after planting Artemisia ordosica (AO, 17 years), Astragalus mongolicum (AM, 5 years), and Salix psammophila (SP, 16 years) on shifting sand land (SL) in the Mu Us Desert, northwest China. We measured total soil carbon (TSC) and its components, soil inorganic carbon (SIC) and soil organic carbon (SOC), as well as the light and heavy fractions within soil organic carbon (LF-SOC and HF-SOC), under the SL and shrublands at depths of 100 cm. TSC stock under SL was 27.6 Mg ha^?1, and vegetation rehabilitation remarkably elevated it by 40.6 Mgha^?1, 4.5 Mgha^?1, and 14.1 Mgha^?1 under AO, AM and SP land, respectively. Among the newly formed TSC under the three shrublands, SIC, LF-SOC and HF-SOC accounted for 75.0%, 10.7% and 13.1% for AO, respectively; they made up 37.0%, 50.7% and 10.6% for AM, respectively; they occupied 68.6%, 18.8% and 10.0% for SP, respectively. The accumulation rates of TSC within 0–100 cm reached 238.6 g m^?2y^?1, 89.9 g m^?2y^?1 and 87.9 g m^?2y^?1 under AO, AM and SP land, respectively. The present study proved that the accumulation of SIC considerably contributed to soil carbon sequestration, and vegetation rehabilitation on shifting sand land has a great potential for soil carbon sequestration.     

西南地区乡土杨树遗传变异的SRAP分析

采用SRAP分子标记技术对西南地区11种乡土杨树共333份样本的遗传变异进行分析,7对引物组合共扩增出215条带,其中多态性条带158条,多态性条带百分率为73.49%,表明11种乡土杨树间存在广泛变异。AMOVA分析结果显示,种间遗传变异分量为10.84,占总变异的48.70%,遗传差异达极显著水平(P0.001)。种间的遗传相似系数变幅在0.8199~0.9607之间,平均遗传相似系数为0.8983。聚类结果表明,昌都杨和藏川杨之间的遗传差异最小,大叶杨和三脉青杨之间的遗传差异最大。本研究结果为西南地区乡土杨树基因资源的保护、开发和利用提供了一定的科学理论依据。