全文获取类型
收费全文 | 116篇 |
免费 | 1篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 2篇 |
2010年 | 3篇 |
2009年 | 8篇 |
2008年 | 16篇 |
2007年 | 6篇 |
2006年 | 7篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 16篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 1篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有131条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Ingebjørg Jean K. Hansen Ken A. Otter Harry van Oort Carmen I. Holschuh 《Acta ethologica》2005,8(2):111-120
The dawn chorus of the black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) is a communication network that functions in the dissemination of essential information for both males and females. Habitat
type may influence the performance of this network, and if recognized, chickadees may attempt to behaviorally compensate for
detrimental changes in the form of increased movement. We studied the dawn chorus of 66 black-capped chickadees in two adjacent,
yet structurally different, habitats (disturbed and undisturbed) during the summers of 2000–2003 and recorded via point counts
the number of neighboring males heard singing simultaneously while following a focal chorusing male and observing his movement.
A transmission study to detect differential degradation due to habitat type was also conducted within the same research site.
Observers in the disturbed sites heard significantly fewer neighboring males in the focal male's territory than in the undisturbed
site, yet individual movement did not differ between habitat types. Propagation of song of varying frequencies, as measured
by entropy, suffered less degradation in the disturbed site for high-frequency songs, but there was no effect of habitat on
low- or mid-frequency songs. Greater interneighbor distance in the disturbed site likely explains some of the reduction in
audibility of neighboring males during the dawn chorus, but the reduced condition of birds in the disturbed site (implicated
from other studies) may also be a factor in explaining the difference in networks. The findings of this study suggest that
chickadees in the disturbed habitat are experiencing a compromised communication network, which could impact breeding and
other social behaviors. 相似文献
52.
K. L. Buchanan C. K. Catchpole 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》1997,264(1381):521-526
Recent models of animal signalling emphasize the evolution of complex displays containing ''multiple messages''. A variety of potential cues used in female choice were investigated during a three-year field study of the sedge warbler, Acrocephalus schoenobaenus. Twelve possible cues were investigated, and three were found to have a significant influence upon pairing date. Two were different measures of song (repertoire size and song flighting) and one a measure of territory (territory size). Repertoire and territory size had a significant influence on pairing date in all three years, and song-flighting in two. The three cues were not intercorrelated and so had independent effects upon pairing date. We suggest that females select males upon multiple cues as these reflect different aspects of male and territory quality. 相似文献
53.
54.
10种鸣禽鸣唱复杂性与发声核团体积的聚类分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选用捕自野外和人工繁殖的10种雄性成鸟(一年龄以上)作为实验材料。当鸟适应环境后录音,用VS-99语音工作站软件进行声谱分析。鸣唱的复杂性采用语句短语总数、短语的音节数之和、短语的音节种类数之和、每个短语中所含的平均音节数、每个短语中所含的平均音节种类数、每种鸣禽最长短语的音节数和最长短语的音节种类数7项指标表示。然后测定前脑的上纹状体腹侧尾端(HVC)、古纹状体粗核(RA)以及嗅叶的X核(Areax)3个主要鸣唱控制核团的体积。最后分别对10种鸣禽3个发声控制核团体积和鸣唱复杂性的7项指标进行聚类分析。10种鸣禽的7项指标值相差较大,即使同一科也如此。蒙古百灵的3种核团体积比值均最大,其次是金丝雀和黄喉鹉。10种鸣禽鸣唱语句复杂性的7个指标和3种核团体积聚类分析树形图显示的结果各不相同;仅RA和Areax核团体积的树形图显示蒙古百灵远离其他9种鸣禽,与现代分类学和DNA分析得到的进化树一致。 相似文献
55.
Chlo Huetz Catherine Del Negro Katia Lehongre Philippe Tarroux Jean-Marc Edeline 《Journal of Physiology》2004,98(4-6):395
The neuronal selectivity observed in the avian song system for the Bird’s Own Song progressively emerged as an extraordinary fruitful model to investigate the neural code underlying the recognition of complex stimuli and the occurrence of learned behaviors. In adult zebra finch, neurons from the HVC (used as a proper name) show very selective auditory responses, firing more to presentation of the Bird’s Own Song (BOS) than to reverse BOS or other conspecific songs. However, as adult zebra finches always produce the same stereotyped song, the presence of such highly selective neurons in birds with larger repertoire still remains an open question. Data presented here show that neurons selective for the BOS can be found in adult canary, a seasonal breeding bird which display a large repertoire. More precisely, we found that a large proportion of neurons (29/36) exhibits higher responses to presentation of the forward than to the reverse BOS, and that 22% of the cells were identified as selective on the basis of the d′ value. For a cell that was extensively studied, we evaluated to what extent temporal stimulus-related structure predicts the acoustic stimulus using linear or non-linear artificial neural networks (ANN). These analyses indicated that the temporal structure contained in spike trains characterizes more accurately the stimulus than the firing rate. The limitations of applying ANN analyses to electrophysiological data are discussed and potential solutions to increase the confidence in these analysis are proposed. 相似文献
56.
Amy Wilson P. Arcese L. F. Keller C. L. Pruett K. Winker M. A. Patten Y. Chan 《Conservation Genetics》2009,10(2):419-430
Genetic variation is often lower within island populations, however islands may also harbor divergent genetic variation. The
likelihood that insular populations are genetically diverse or divergent should be influenced by island size and isolation.
We tested this assumption by comparing patterns of genetic variation across all major island song sparrow populations along
the Pacific North American coast. Allelic richness was moderately lowered even on islands which are close to large, potential
sources. The most significant differences in allelic richness occurred on very small or highly remote islands. Gene diversity
was significantly lower only on remote or very small islands. We found that island populations contribute to regional genetic
variation through both the amount of genetic variation and the uniqueness of that variation. The partitioning of this contribution
was associated with the size and isolation of the island populations. 相似文献
57.
This article describes the organisation of song in the serin (Serinus serinus) and analyses its variation among individuals. Serins have a repertoire of about 50 complex syllables that are sung at a
very fast rate and in a very stereotyped order, forming discrete songs. Songs are high pitched for the serin’s body size.
Song organisation is circular, with a limited number of starting points. Songs can stop at any point in their cycling. Within
songs there are trilled sections and fast, non-repeated sections that account for the greatest part of songs. These two modes
of singing also differ in average inter-element intervals and probably in their respiratory kinematics. Bird repertoire size
was measured and the difficulties of measuring it in this species are discussed. Repertoires are individually specific and
have a variable amount of syllable sharing with other birds. We found evidence for geographical variation in the composition
of repertoires. Considering our current knowledge of song in carduelines, the stereotyped and circular nature of serin song
appear to be unique within this group of birds.
Received: 30 May 2000 / Received in revised from: 14 August 2000 / Accepted: 12 September 2000 相似文献
58.
59.
J. Van Buskirk 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》1997,264(1382):755
This study addresses the issue of how evolutionary convergence within shared environments shapes some features of bird song while leaving others unaffected, using as an example the songs of 51 North American wood warblers (Parulinae). I combined published information on breeding habitats and evolutionary relationships to show that the structure of warbler songs is correlated with habitat, whereas the structure of the notes that comprise the songs is relatively unaffected by habitat and more closely related to phylogenetic history. The results confirm known relationships between bird song and habitat, including correlations between song frequency and the type and density of canopy foliage, and between the number and arrangement of notes in the song and foliage density and moisture. More importantly, the results suggest that individual notes and whole songs are to some extent functionally independent, because the configuration of notes shows more evidence of evolutionary constraint than does the way notes are assembled into songs. 相似文献
60.
James T. Watson Darcy B. Kelley 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1992,171(3):343-350
Summary In Xenopus laevis, adult males but not females produce courtship songs comprised of rapid trills. Two experiments were conducted to determine whether male-typical singing could be induced in females. At 6 different juvenile stages, male and female frogs were gonadectomized and implanted with testes, grown to sexual maturity, and tested for vocal behavior. All frogs with functional testicular implants sang; females sang as much as males. The frequency spectra of the clicks within trills were fully masculinized in females implanted at PM0, PM1, and PM2. There were deficiencies in song quality in females implanted late in juvenile life. Females receiving testis implants at PM3, PM4, and PM5 did not produce clicks with masculine spectral qualities. In a concurrent experiment, adult males and females were gonadectomized and implanted with testes or silicone tubes containing testosterone proprionate. When tested for vocal behavior 10 to 15 months after implantation, 8/10 androgen-treated males, 3/12 androgen-treated females, 5/5 testes-implanted males, and 2/4 testes-implanted females sang. The females that did sing spent much less time singing than males. The click rates of females were uniformly slower than males and no female produced clicks with a masculine frequency spectrum. Thus, testicular secretions can induce male-typical singing in females until late in juvenile development. However, females exhibit a progressive decline in vocal potential with increasing age, culminating in an almost complete loss of singing ability by adulthood.Abbreviations
FFT
fast Fourier transform
-
ICI
inter-click interval
-
PM
post-metamorphic
-
TP
testosterone proprionate 相似文献