10种鸣禽鸣唱复杂性与发声核团体积的聚类分析

选用捕自野外和人工繁殖的10种雄性成鸟(一年龄以上)作为实验材料。当鸟适应环境后录音，用VS-99语音工作站软件进行声谱分析。鸣唱的复杂性采用语句短语总数、短语的音节数之和、短语的音节种类数之和、每个短语中所含的平均音节数、每个短语中所含的平均音节种类数、每种鸣禽最长短语的音节数和最长短语的音节种类数7项指标表示。然后测定前脑的上纹状体腹侧尾端(HVC)、古纹状体粗核(RA)以及嗅叶的X核(Areax)3个主要鸣唱控制核团的体积。最后分别对10种鸣禽3个发声控制核团体积和鸣唱复杂性的7项指标进行聚类分析。10种鸣禽的7项指标值相差较大，即使同一科也如此。蒙古百灵的3种核团体积比值均最大，其次是金丝雀和黄喉鹉。10种鸣禽鸣唱语句复杂性的7个指标和3种核团体积聚类分析树形图显示的结果各不相同；仅RA和Areax核团体积的树形图显示蒙古百灵远离其他9种鸣禽，与现代分类学和DNA分析得到的进化树一致。

Cluster Analysis of the Song Complexity and the Volumes of Song Control Nuclei among Ten Oscine Species

The objects adopted in the present study were adult male birds from 10 oscine species obtained either from wild field or from breeding in our laboratory.When birds were acquainted with their surrounding livings,songs were recorded,and analyzed by use of VS-99 sound analyzing software.Song complexity was valued through the following seven index:total phrase (TP),syllables in all the phrases (SAP),the syllable types in all the phrases (STAP),syllables in the longest phrase (SLP),the syllable types in the longest phrase (STLP),the average number of syllable per phrase (ANSPP) and the average number of syllable types per phrase (ANSTPP).After the recordings finished,we measured the volumes of three song control nuclei:HVC (high vocal control center),RA (robust nucleaus of the archistriatum) and Area X.Then,the seven index assessing the song complexity and the volumes of HVC,RA and Area X were clustered by cluster analysis software (SPSS 10.0,significant level=0.05).The results revealed that song complexity largely varied not only among different families but also among species in the same family.Three studied nuclei were the largest in the Mongolian lark (Melanocorypha mongolica),then in the Eurasian siskin (Serinus canaria) and yellow-throated bunting (Emberiza elegans).The results of cluster analysis based on the song complexity and the size of song nucleus differed from each other,and both of them were different from those of traditional classification.However,according to the cluster analysis of RA and Area X volumes,the Mongolian lark could be distinguished from the others,which was consistent with the classification based on the traditional or DNA data classification.