低氧胁迫下黄瓜根系细胞壁结合态多胺氧化酶活性变化及测定方法的确立

提出了细胞壁上PAO检测方法,并对低氧胁迫下黄瓜根系细胞壁结合态PAO的灵敏性、pH值范围、底物依赖性以及取样部位进行了测定。结果表明,检测时取根中部或基部为好,提取液pH值为6．5,启动底物为Spm或Put Spd Spm。低氧处理后PAO活性一开始下降,在第3天时处于上升趋势,第8天达最大值,此后虽下降,但一直高于对照,与游离态PAO活性变化趋势一致,但活性要高10倍以上,表明PAO活性绝大部分定位于细胞壁上。     

土壤水分对温室春黄瓜苗期生长与生理特性的影响

以津优1号黄瓜为试验材料．研究了土壤不同水分含量对温室春黄瓜苗期生长与生理特性的影响。结果表明,在土壤水分为田间持水量90％时．黄瓜幼苗长势健壮,茎粗大,根系活力强,叶绿素含量和光合速率高．与其它处理差异显著,说明土壤含水量过高或过低均不利于培育黄瓜壮苗。株高和叶面积随土壤含水量的升高而增加;细胞汁液浓度随土壤含水量的升高而降低．且对植株水分状况反应十分敏感,可以用来作为判断植株水分盈亏状况的生理指标。     

Construction of a cucumber genetic linkage map with SRAP markers and location of the genes for lateral branch traits

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. 2n = 2x = 14), thatbelongs to Cucurbitaceae family, is one of majorvegetables with a planting area second to that of to-mato in the world[1]. Due to its economical importanceplant breeders and geneticists have paid much atten-tion to the genetic study on this important vegetablecrop, but the research progress in cucumber is muchless than that in tomato. In 1990, Pierce[2] reviewed allthe reported genes of cucumber that had been geneti-cally analyzed since the 1930…     

三唑酮对离体黄瓜子叶膜系统的影响

研究了三唑酮处理后离体黄瓜子叶衰老过程中活性氧的产生及膜系统有变化。结果表明：20mg/L三唑酮能有效抑制O^-2.、H2O3的累积,减轻质膜相对透性和膜脂过氧化程度及组织自动氧化速率。这表明三唑酮减轻了活性氧在植物体内的累积,可以作为一种活性氧的直接或间接清除剂。     

Differentiation of Bulgarian Isolates from Cucumber Mosaic Virus by Serological Methods

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is of great importance to the Bulgarian economy and hence a detailed knowledge of its diversity under local geographic and climatic conditions is required. An extended study was carried out on CMV strains the currently occur in Bulgaria. Fifty-one isolates and strains found in different regions and various crops were biologically characterized and serologically differentiated into subgroups I and II using different variants of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [double antibody sandwich (DAS)-, antigen-coated plate (ACP)-, triple antibody sandwich (TAS)- with poly and monoclonal antibodies] and immunodiffusion tests. The ELISA modifications with monoclonal antibodies individually (ACP) or in combination with polyclonal antibodies (TAS-ELISA) are suitable for mass screening of CMV isolates. The hyperimmune sera against strains from CMV subgroups I and II were very efficient for use in isolate differentiation via gel double immunodiffusion. The results obtained correlated with the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism data reported by other authors. The majority of the isolates belonged to subgroup I, whereas 10, mainly from tomato and pepper, belonged to subgroup II. Most of the subgroup II isolates came from the north of Bulgaria. The results of the present study will help to clarify the virus epidemiology and to develop specific control measures.     

黄瓜花性别分化与内源多胺的关系

研究了黄瓜雌、雄花几个主要发育时期和性别逆转过程中内源多胺的变化。结果表明 ,雄花在不同发育时期 ,内源腐胺含量均高于雌花 ,腐胺含量的显著升高伴随着花粉粒的形成 ,高腐胺含量是雄花发育的特征。雌花在大孢子母细胞时期以后直到雌花发育成熟 ,其内源尸胺含量均高于雄花 ,高尸胺含量可能有利于雌花的发育。高水平的内源多胺、精胺和亚精胺可能有利于雌花大孢子母细胞的形成。亚精胺和腐胺含量随着大小孢子四分体形成和大孢子核的连续分裂而分别表现下降和上升。雌性系黄瓜经硝酸银诱导雄花处理后 ,茎尖内源亚精胺含量下降 ,腐胺含量上升 ,从而诱导雄花形成 ;雄性系黄瓜经乙烯利诱导雌花处理后 ,茎尖内源亚精胺含量上升 ,腐胺含量下降 ,从而诱导雌花形成     

RNAi载体导入黄瓜的遗传转化体系

以黄瓜(Cucumis sativus)子叶和子叶节为外植体,利用农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)介导法建立黄瓜遗传转化体系并进行优化,将南方根结线虫(Meloidogyme incognita)寄生相关基因的RNA干扰载体导入黄瓜,通过潮霉素(Hyg)浓度梯度筛选得到99株潮霉素抗性植株。经PCR和Southern-blot检测,获得10株目的基因以单拷贝形式整合的转基因黄瓜,子叶和子叶节的Southern-blot阳性率分别为13.9%和6.9%。该研究建立并优化了RNA干扰载体导入黄瓜的高效遗传转化体系,成功获得了转基因黄瓜植株。     

不同填闲模式对黄瓜根际土壤酶活性及细菌群落的影响

以温室连作3年黄瓜土壤为研究对象,以黄瓜为主栽作物,以青葱、小麦、油菜为不同季节填闲作物设置盆栽试验,采用常规化学方法、PCR-DGGE及qPCR技术,研究不同填闲模式对黄瓜土壤酶活性及细菌群落的影响.结果表明: 随着种植茬次的增加,填闲小麦处理的土壤脲酶、中性磷酸酶及转化酶活性均显著高于填闲青葱和油菜处理,同时油菜处理显著高于青葱处理;不同填闲模式间黄瓜根际土壤细菌群落结构不同,冬季填闲青葱和夏季填闲小麦处理维持了相对较高的多样性指数.qPCR检测结果表明: 随着种植茬次的增加,小麦处理的土壤细菌数量显著高于青葱和油菜处理.综上,不同填闲模式对土壤酶活性和细菌群落均产生一定影响,改变了土壤环境,其中夏季填闲小麦能保持相对较高的土壤酶活性、土壤细菌群落结构多样性及细菌数量.