质粒RP4：：Mu引起霍乱弧菌基因的突变和转移

质粒pULB11(RP4：：Mucts)通过接合能从大肠杆菌转移到霍乱弧菌——吴江2(Vibriccholerae——Wu Jiang 2)中去。带有 puLB 11的霍乱弧菌经42℃诱导后能以0.5％的突变率产生营养缺陷型,这些营养缺陷型十分稳定,在10。细胞中还不能测出它们的回复突变体,这与Mu对大肠杆菌的诱变作用十分相似。质粒RP4及其抗药性很容易从霍乱弧菌中失去,这说明营养缺陷型的产生是由于Mu的插人而不是RP4的整人,所以pULB 11可以作为诱变剂来诱变霍乱弧菌的包括毒素基因在内的各种突变体,这在构建霍乱弧菌活菌苗方面有一定的意义。puLB 113(RP4：：Mini-Mu)还能诱动霍乱弧菌染色体基因,这也是研究霍乱弧菌遗传学的有用手段。     

以融合蛋白形式在大肠杆菌中表达人MCP－1

将编码人单核细胞趋化蛋白－１（ＭＣＰ－１）的基因亚克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体ｐＥＸ３１Ａ中,在大肠杆菌中表达出ＭＳ２／ＭＣＰ－１融合蛋０白,该表达产物约占菌体总蛋白的１５％左右,Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ检测表明,表达产物可与ＭＣＰ－１抗体特异反应。采用琼脂糖平板法进行活性测定表明,表达产物具有明显的单核细胞趋化活性,说明Ｎ端融合一段细菌蛋白对ＭＣＰ－１有无趋化活性可能没有影响。     

寡核苷酸引导的定向诱变

由寡核苷酸引导的体外诱变技术又称定向诱变技术,它包括下列步骤;克隆待诱变的DNA至phagemid;制备单链DNA模板;设计并合成特殊的诱变寡核苷酸(在寡核苷酸中,除其中少数几个待诱变的碱基外,其余均与单链DNA模板上的待定区域互补);合成双链DNA。通过上述步骤,我们使Stx—B基因的N末端产生了新的BamH1位点,在C末端产生了新的Bgl I识别序列,从而为Stx—B基因融合至LamB基因创造了条件。该法是遗传工程中不可缺少的重要手段之一。     

痢疾志贺氏毒素B亚单位在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

本文从痢疾志贺氏Ⅰ型菌W30864的染色体克隆了编码志贺氏毒素(Stx)的基因,表达Stx的基因位于约4．5kb的EcoRl片段内。一系列的生物学试验表明：我们构建的杂种质粒(pMGC001)能产生Stx,产量为亲代株的16倍,克隆株不仅有细胞毒和肠毒作用,而且还有神经毒性。我们又从质粒pMGC001将志贺氏毒素的B亚单位(Stx—B)的基因克隆至表达载体pJLA503,获得了Stx—B在大肠杆菌中的高效表达,Stx—B已被纯化,其特异的多克隆和单克隆抗体也被制备。Westem blot表明它们能与Stx—B进行特异的抗原抗体反应。     

重组人GM－CSF／MCAF融合蛋白抗血清的制备与鉴定

重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）和人单核细胞趋化激活因子（ＭＣＡＦ）融合蛋白经ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－７５和ＣＭ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＦＦ两步柱层析,获得了电泳纯的ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ／ＭＣＡＦ融合蛋白。为进一步研究其结构与功能,我们以纯化的该融合蛋白为抗原免疫家兔制备抗血清。ＤｏｔＥＬＩＳＡ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ试验表明,该抗血清效价高、特异性好,可分别与ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ／ＭＣＡＦ、ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ和ＭＣＡＦ发生反应。     

噬菌体表面显示肽库研究进展

噬菌体表面显示肽库研究进展韩照中苏国富黄翠芬（军事医学科学院生物工程研究所,北京１０００７１）关键词噬菌体表面显示肽库１９９０年,Ｓｃｏｔ首次将随机序列肽与丝状噬菌体的表面蛋白ｇｌｌ融合,并呈现在噬菌体表面,建立噬菌体表面显示肽库（ｐｅｐ－ｔｉｄｅｓ...     

Construction of a recombinant human GM-CSF/MCAF fusion protein and study on its in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects

A novel cytokine fusion protein was constructed by fusing granulocyte macrophage colony stimulat-ing factor (GM-CSF) with monocyte chemotactic activating factor (MCAF), which acts as a factor directing effector cells (monocytes) to a target site. The recombinant human GM-CSF/MCAF fusion protein could sustain the growth of GM-CSF-dependent cell line TF1 and was chemotactic for monocytes. The in vitro antitumor effect showed that rhGM-CSF/MCAF could activate monocytes to inhibit the growth of several human tumor cell lines, including a promyelocyte leukemia cell line HL-60, a lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, a hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 and a melanoma cell line Bowes. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of monocytes activated by rhGM-CSF/MCAF against HL-60 and A549 was greater than that activated by GM-CSF or MCAF alone, even greater than that activated by a combina-tion of GM-CSF and MCAF, suggesting that the fusion protein has synergistic or enhanced effects. The in vivo anti-tumor effect indicated that     

噬菌体表面显示技术在生物医学研究中的应用

利用噬菌体表面显示技术,将蛋白质或短肽分子在噬菌体表面表达,可以对抗原表位及蛋白质的相互作用位点进行定位与模拟,并用于蛋白质的体外亲和力优化以及新基因的克隆,在小分子药物的设计和筛选中也具有重要的作用。环肽结构的设计以及筛选策略和方法的改进,逐步推动着噬菌体表面显示技术在免疫学、基因工程药物及基础生物医学研究等研究领域中的成功应用     

锅柄式PCR及其在混合谱系白血病基因断裂区中的应用

染色体11q23的混合谱系白血病(MLL)基因的断裂点簇集群区(BCR)的转位,可引起婴儿急性白血病及与DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ抑制剂的生化治疗法相关的白血病。由于MLL基因包括大约30个不同的转位伴侣基因,几个断裂点所在的伴侣基因的序列还不清楚,因而对MLL基因断裂点的PCR克隆是很困难的。锅柄式PCR,即用已知5'端序列和未知的3'端伴侣基因序列以形似一个锅和一个柄的模板扩增断裂点基因DNA,是一种克隆MLL基因断裂区的新方法,可以扩增未知3'端序列的断裂点簇集群区。     

鉴定痢疾杆菌毒力基因的SW480细胞模型构建

信号标签诱变技术（STM）是一种在体内高通量筛选病原体毒力基因的新方法,在应用时的一个先决条件是要建立合适的体内筛选系统。为将该技术应用于福氏痢疾杆菌,我们使用三个福氏痢疾杆菌菌株进行了预试验：通过同源重组构建而成的带有氯霉素抗性且aroA和virG基因失活的突变株RC426;因在侵袭质粒上自发缺失3个基因座(ipaBCDA, invA 和 virG)的另一减毒突变株T32,其曾被用作福氏痢疾杆菌的口服疫苗;还有具侵袭宿主细胞能力的野生性菌株2457T。将RC426、T32和2457T混合后侵袭结肠细胞系SW480,不同时间回收经侵袭后细胞裂解液中的菌体并统计。结果显示在侵袭12h内回收到减毒突变株的量与野生有毒株存在显著性差异,表明SW480 细胞系可用于痢疾杆菌的STM研究。Abstract: Signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM) is a novel technology with high throughput screening ability to identify virulent genes of pathogen in vivo. An appropriate animal or cell line model is one of prerequisites by exploiting this technique. In order to apply STM to Shigella flexneri, RC426 was constructed as an attenuated mutant with chloramphenicol resistance and aroA and virG genes inactivated by homologous recombination; Another attenuated strain T32 was used as an oral S. flexneri 2a vaccine due to a spontaneous deletion in three loci (ipaBCDA, invA and virG) on the virulence plasmid. The wild type strain 2457T had the invasion ability into host cells. The three strains, RC426, T32 and 2457T, were mixed together to invade colon cancer cell line SW480, and the distinct strains were recovered and counted from cell lysates of invaded SW480 in different time. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the amounts of two attenuated strains recovered and that of virulent strain within 12h invasion, indicating SW480 was a suitable cell model for applying STM to screen virulent genes of Shigella flexneri.