中药麝香胶囊抑瘤作用的实验研究

目的探讨中药麝香胶囊对小鼠实验性肿瘤的疗效。方法昆明小鼠分别接种艾氏腹水癌、S-180、肝癌细胞株（hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC）三种癌细胞株,接种24h后开始给予中药麝香胶囊,每日1次,共10d。分高、中、低三个剂量给药（4、2、1g／kg以主药麝香药量计）。阳性对照以天仙丸胶囊（1g／kg）一次性灌服。阴性对照组以同体积生理盐水灌服。接种实体瘤动物于第10天处死,称瘤重,计算抑瘤率;接种腹水瘤动物,观察存活时间,计算生命延长率。结果中药麝香胶囊对实体癌有一定的抑瘤作用,但未达到药典规定的抑瘤率30％的要求;对腹水癌也有一定的抑瘤作用,但也未达到药典规定生命延长率50％的要求;统计学分析（P〉0．05）差异没有显著性。结论中药麝香胶囊抑瘤作用不明显,其配方及剂型有待进一步研究与改进。     

眠安胶囊原料药的提取工艺研究

目的:研究眠安胶囊的有效部位及黄芩和琥珀等药材的提取条件.方法:采用正交试验设计,以黄芩苷含量和提取物收率为指标,筛选出了黄芩提取的最佳条件为黄芩粉碎为最粗粉,用10倍水煎煮1.5h后再用8倍量水煎煮0.5h,减压浓缩(60 ℃～70 ℃)煎液至体积为投料量的5倍,于70 ℃加稀盐酸调pH值为1～2,保温30min后静置8h;以药效学为指标,确定了琥珀等药材渗漉提取用乙醇的浓度为70%,同时以药效学和干浸膏得率为指标,通过单因素试验确定了琥珀等药材提取的最优条件为10倍量70%乙醇浸渍24h,调渗漉速度为3 ml·min-1·kg-1进行渗漉提取.结果:眠安胶囊的有效部位为黄芩用水煎煮、琥珀等用乙醇渗漉提取的部位.结论:该工艺稳定,重复性好,适合于眠安胶囊原料药的提取.     

步长稳心颗粒治疗功能性早搏60例疗效分析

目的：观察步长稳心颗粒（简称稳心颗粒）治疗功能性早搏的临床疗效及安全性。方法：选择功能性早搏60例病人,随机分为治疗组及对照组,每组各30例。治疗组给予稳心颗粒一包（9克）,每日三次,温开水冲服;对照组给予倍他乐克25毫克,每日二次口服,一个月为一疗程。结果：四周后治疗组显效11例,有效16例,总有效率90％。对照组显效8例,有效18例,总有效率86．7％,p〉0．05,两组比较无显著性差异。对血压、心率影响方面稳心颗粒明显优于倍他乐克结论：稳心颗粒治疗功能性早搏疗效显著,且效果稳定,安全无明显不良反应,值得临床推广应用。     

黄芪种子萌发特性的研究

运用室内测定方法,对黄芪野生种子和栽培种子的吸不率及其不同处理下的种子发芽率进行了比较试验,结果表明,采用砂磨方法可使黄芪种子的萌发率明显高于其它方法,黄芪各子种皮的机械抵制是导致发芽率低的直接原因;黄芪种子在23℃/15℃变温度条件一的萌发率;不同采收期也会通过影响种子的成熟度而影响发芽率。     

肺炎克雷伯菌荚膜糖蛋白ELISA检测方法的研究

以肺炎克雷伯菌荚膜糖蛋白为免疫原,获得了兔抗肺炎克雷伯菌荚膜糖蛋白抗血清,通过硫酸铵分级沉淀与吸附法相结合的方法对抗血清进行纯化,并在此基础上建立了肺炎克雷伯菌荚膜糖蛋白间接ELISA检测方法.该检测方法的检测灵敏度为0.031 mg/L,线性检测范围为2.5～30.0 mg/L,批内误差为1.04％～3.22％,批间误差为2.61％～8.35％.     

双胶润通胶囊润肠通便功能的研究

目的:探讨双胶润通胶囊的润肠通便作用的效果及剂量.方法:实验采用动物试验,将小白鼠(雌雄各半,体重18～22 g)分成两个实验组,每组50只,实验一组进行小肠推进试验,实验二组进行排便试验,时间均为7 d.按推荐剂量每人每日5 g设计,分为低、中、高3个剂量组,另设空白对照和模型对照组.结果:在不影响小鼠体重的情况下,双胶润通胶囊高剂量组小肠推进率与模型对照组比较差异均有显著性变化(P《0.05);3个剂量组小鼠的首便时间、粪便粒数均高于便秘模型对照组,差异具有极显著性差异(P《0.01);结论:双胶润通胶囊对小鼠小肠运动有增强作用,并能缩短小鼠首便时间、增加小鼠的粪便粒数与重量,即:具有润肠通便作用.     

Exopolysaccharide-producing cyanobacteria and their possible exploitation: A review

Since the early 1950s, more than one hundred cyanobacterial strains,belonging to twenty different genera, have been investigated with regard tothe production and the released exocellular polysaccharides (RPS) into theculture medium. The chemical and rheological properties show that suchpolysaccharides are complex anionic heteropolymers, in about 80% casescontaining six to ten different monosaccharides and in about 90% casescontaining one or more uronic acids; almost all have non-saccharidiccomponents, such as peptidic moieties, acetyl, pyruvyl and/or sulphategroups. Based on such ingredients, cyanobacterial RPSs show promise asthickening or suspending agents, emulsifying or cation-chelating compoundsand the residual capsulated cyanobacterial biomass, following RPSextraction, could be an effective cation-chelating material. Indeed, wheneleven unicellular and filamentous RPS-producing cyanobacteria, selectedon the basis of the anion density of their RPSs and on the abundance oftheir outermost investments, were screened for their ability to removeCu²⁺ from aqueous solutions, a quick and most effective heavy metaladsorption was observed for the unicellular Cyanothece CE 4 and thefilamentous Cyanospira capsulata. These results suggest the possibilityto accomplish, through the exploitation of RPS-producing cyanobacteria,a multiproduct strategy to procure a wide range of biopolymers suited tovarious industrial applications, in addition to the residual biomass effectivein the recovery of heavy metals from polluted waters.     

Interaction of the regulator proteins RcsA and RcsB with the promoter of the operon for amylovoran biosynthesis in Erwinia amylovora

The RcsA and RcsB proteins of Erwinia amylovora and Escherichia coli were expressed in E. coli and purified. Their DNA-binding activity was examined using a 1-kb DNA region containing the putative promoter of the ams operon of Ew. amylovora, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of the exopolysaccharide amylovoran. Mobility shift assays indicated specific binding of RcsA and RcsB to a region of 78 bp spanning nucleotide positions −578 to −501 relative to the translational start of the first open reading frame of the operon. This region includes stretches of homology to E. coliσ ⁷⁰ promoter consensus sequences and to the E. coli cps promoter region. Binding of the Rcs proteins was not found at a JUMPstart consensus, typical for various promoters of polysaccharide gene clusters. DNA-binding activity was not detected for RcsA alone and only high concentrations of RcsB were able to interact with the ams promoter in our assay. The two proteins bind cooperatively at the indicated region of the ams promoter and further evidence is provided showing that the DNA-protein complex formed involves a heterodimer of RcsA and RcsB. The specific activity of RcsA, but not of RcsB, was enhanced when the protein was expressed in E. coli at 28° C, relative to expression at 37° C. In addition, DNA-protein complex formation is affected by temperature. The E. coli RcsA/RcsB proteins bind to the same region of the ams promoter and are able to interact with the Rcs proteins from Ew. amylovora. Received: 26 February 1997 / Accepted: 23 May 1997