从感染黄瓜花叶病毒的烟草叶筛选抗病毒细胞突变体

用绿岛法从感染CMV的普通烟草(G140)叶筛选到抗病毒细胞突变体R~CMV2、6,其当代无性系群体病情指数较对照降低41.5-45.2%。 Abstract:The 2 CMV-resistant-cell mutants,RCMV-2、6,were selected by using the method of culturing dark green island from CMV infected tobacco(N.tabacum cv G140)leaves.The disease in dex of RCMV-2、6′s was decreased by 41.5~45.2% in comparison with that of the control(G140).     

激光及γ射线对有丝分裂染色体畸变感应现象的比较

波长514nm的激光照射可用于研究激光导致有丝分裂染色体畸变的效应。本文提供了一种新的辐照系统,能用于研究突变的感应现象,并与从γ-线辐射源获得的结果进行了比较。 Abstract:Laser irradiation at wavelength 514 nm was used to study the effect of lasers in inducing chromosomal aberrations at mitosis.This study offers a new radiation system which could be used for the induction of mutations.Results are compared with those obtained from studies using γ-rays as irradiation source.     

中国17个人群中的耵聍基因频率及干型基因地理分布图

报道了中国17个人群的干型耵聍基因频率,其中汉族人群8个,少数民族人群8个,还有一个未识别民族,即西藏聂拉木县的夏尔巴人。发表了我国汉族人群中以及汉族与少数民族中干型耵聍基因频率的地理分布图。干型耵聍基因在17个人群中的频率及两张基因频率地理分布图都进一步证明,中国汉族与少数民族 (新疆信仰伊斯兰教的少数民族除外)之间有许多基因流动、干型耵聍基因起源于东北亚。中国人群中干型耵聍基因的Fst应在0.1057与0.1602之间。 Abstract:Gene frequencies of serumen type of 17 populations in China are reported,including 8 Han subpopulations,8 ethnic minorities and 1 un-identified ethnic group,the Sherpas in Nyalam County,Tibet.Gene-frequency-distribution maps of dry serumen in Han,as well as in Han and ethnic minorities of China were also published.The gene frequency data of 17 populations and their distribution maps once again showed that there was a large-scale gene exchange between Han and ethnic minorities,my be,with the exception of Moslem ethnic groups in Xinjiang,and that the dry serumen gene originated in Northeast Asia.The Fst of dry serumen gene in Chinese populations as a whole was estimated to be between 0.1057 and 0.1602.     

蛋白质双向电泳、印迹转移及蛋白质合成无细胞体系技术在小鼠腹水细胞EF-3研究中的应用

本文应用近年发展起来的生化技术――蛋白质双向电泳（其第一向为等电聚焦,第二向为SDS凝胶电泳）,将小鼠腹水细胞核糖体蛋进行了指纹分离。并利用蛋白质印迹转移（Western blotting）,将转移后的硝酸纤维膜与交联了碱性磷酸酶的第二抗体和抗酵母EF-3抗体反应,证实该核糖体蛋白含有EF-3同源片段,进而制备了蛋白质合成无细胞体系。通过测定PolyU指导下3 H-phe掺入活力的免疫失活实验,初步证实此同源片段是小鼠腹水细胞蛋白质合成所必需。 The ribosomal proteins of H22a cell,were separated with the method of two-D gel electrophoresis (the first dimention is isoelectric focus and the second is SDS PAGE).Then the Western blotting was used,the transferred nitrocellulose sheet was treated with antiyeast EF-3 antibody and the second antibody bonded with alklinephosphoesterase.The result shows that the ribosomal proteins have a homologous fragment to yeast EF-3 factor.The cell-free system of protein synthesis was also established.By determing the activity of polyU direeted 3H-phe intervention in immunodeactivitive experiment,it is primaril confirmed that this fragment is the esscntial for the protein biosynthesis in H22a cell.     

一种简便、快速的大肠杆菌质粒转化方法

将受体菌与质粒DNA混匀直接在Ca2+离子选择平板上进行转化和筛选,其转化过程仅需2 min左右,并能得到105以上的转化效率, 可满足一般克隆工作的需要。 Abstract：After mixing the recipient cells and plasmids DNA, directly spread the mixture on selective media containing Ca2+. The whole process of transformation just needs 2 min or so, and could acquire the transformation efficiency of more than 105, which is enough to common gene cloning.     

离子注入对微生物细胞的刻蚀与对DNA的损伤及修复

以耐辐射异常球菌为试材,以E. coli 为对照,用显微扫描电镜和3H-TdR标记,研究了离子注入对微生物细胞的刻蚀与对DNA的损伤及其修复。结果表明,注入离子对细胞存在着刻蚀损伤;中性蔗糖梯度密度离心沉降分析证明, 大剂量下离子注入可直接导致DNA损伤,并观察到在对应的存活率峰值注入剂量下,D. radiodurans修复损伤DNA的能力比E. coli 强,还证明了细胞经不同时间温育后,损伤的DNA分子得到了部分修复。 Abstract：　The direct action of N+implantationin on D. radioduransand E. coliwas investigated by SEM, and their cells were labeled with 3H-TdR, which were implanted by 20keV N+after incubation 18hours, then the DNA of lysed cells was subjected to the neutral sucrose gradient(5%～20%) ultra-centrifugation sedimentation analysis. The results showed that N+implantation exerted direct action on two kinds of microorganisms; the momentum transfer and energy deposition of implantation ions produced the direct etching damage on cells, and repair DNA efficiency of D.radiodurans was higher than that of E. coli. Meanwhile, the damaged DNA incomplete repairing was observed. When incubation was continued up to 6 hours, the rejoined DNA molecules broke again. The repair of damaged DNA could be inhibited by 200μg/ml chloramphenicol. This suggested that DNA damage was serious by ion implantation and damaged DNA repair of cells need continuously synthesizing repair enzyme.     

毛冠鹿B染色体多态及遗传机制探讨

采用原代培养和传代培养法, 对1头毛冠鹿的胚肺组织细胞进行观察,发现一种新的核型,其二倍体染色体数目为2n=48,核型公式为2M+2ST+42T+XX,出现1对大的末端着丝粒染色体,C-带显示该染色体与已报道的相关染色体同源,首次提出毛冠鹿B染色体多态,对其传递机制进行了探讨。 Abstract:　Primary culture and subculture were adopted using lung cells of a female Elaphodus cephalophus' embryo. A new karyotype and a pair of big telocentric chromosomes were found. The diploid has 48 chromosomes, and the karyotype formula is 2M+2ST+42T+XX. C-banding analysis shows that these chromosomes are homologous with those reported relevant chromosomes. This article is the first to report the polymorphism of Elophodus cephalophus B-chromosomes and studies it's transmitted mechanism.     

9号染色体臂间倒位21例分析

在2 703例遗传咨询门诊病例中检出9号染色体臂间倒位21例,将本组inv(9)的频率与普通群体inv(9)的频率作比较,并通过对伴有其它性状的inv(9)家系的分析,讨论了inv(9)的遗传效应问题。 Abstract:　Twenty one cases of pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 were found in 2703 patients asking genetic counseling. The percentage of inv(9) in this group was compared with that in normal population. Two special pedigrees with inv(9) were analyzed and the genetic effects of inv(9) were discussed.     

银额果蝇B染色体特异性基因的初步研究

采用代表性差异分析法（RDA）研究了银额果蝇两个单雌系AKM46（含B染色体）和AGZ2（不含B染色体）两基因组间的差异。用AKM46作检测（tester）扩增子,AGZ2作驱赶（driver）扩增子,通过三轮消减杂交后,获得了6个差异片段（100bp～300bp）。亚克隆后,对11个片段测序并与GenBank数据库进行同源性比较分析,获得了9个新的序列。选择clone22 及clone42进行Southern杂交分析,这两个片段仅在检测扩增子及第一、第二、第三轮差异片段中检测到杂交信号,而在驱赶扩增子检测不到杂交信号。证实了这两个片段来自含有B染色体的单雌系AKM46,而且可能是B染色体上的特异基因片段。 Abstract:The genomic difference betweenDrosophila albomicanAKM46 (with B chromosome) and AGZ2 (without B chromosome) was analyzed by RDA (Representational Difference Analysis) technique. In RDA system, the tester amplicon is AKM46 while the driver amplicon from AGZ2. After three rounds of subtractive hybridization, six different products were obtained and identified, and their size was about 100bp～300bp. After subcloning, eleven positive clones were sequenced and blasted with Genbank database. Nine sequences were unmatched with the known sequences. Clone22 and clone42 were selected for Southern hybridization, and positive signals were observed only in tester amplicon, and the first, second, third differente products, not in driver amplicon. The results suggest that the sequence come from AKM46 and might be the specific genes in B chromosome.