MMP-26和MMP-7在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨MMP-26和MMP-7在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的表达情况及其与其临床病理特征的关系.方法:采用免疫组化的方法对70例NSCLC组织和30例癌旁正常肺组织进行MMP-26和MMP-7表达分析.结果:①肿瘤细胞MMP-26阳性表达率为64.3%;鳞癌、腺癌和大细胞癌组MMP-26表达水平依次降低(P<0.05);随着肿瘤分化程度降低和TNM分期增加MMP-26表达水平下降(P<0.01);②肿瘤细胞MMP-7阳性表达率为57.1%;腺癌MMP-7表达率高于其它组织学类型(P<0.05);MMP-7表达水平与TNM分期有关,且分期越高,表达率越高(P<0.05).结论:MMP-26表达缺失意味着肿瘤恶性程度高,MMP-7表达增高则提示肿瘤侵袭能力增强.同时检测二者有助于判断NSCLC的恶性程度和预后.     

microRNA-21、MMP-9在非小细胞肺癌发病机制中的作用

为了探讨微小核糖核酸-21 (microRNA-21)、基质金属蛋白酶9 (MMP-9)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的表达及意义,本研究选取2015年2月至2017年3月我院病理科保存的NSCLC组织72例,同时选取同标本癌旁组织(距肿瘤边缘5 cm)作为对照,采用实时荧光定量PCR检测microRNA-21表达,免疫组化染色法检测MMP-9表达。结果显示:NSCLC组织microRNA-21表达水平为0.157±0.054,明显低于癌旁组织(p0.05),而MMP-9阳性表达率为73.61%,明显高于癌旁组织(p0.05);中低分化患者microRNA-21表达为0.136±0.044,明显低于高分化患者(p0.05),而MMP-9阳性表达率为86.36%,明显高于高分化患者(p0.05);有淋巴结转移患者microRNA-21表达为0.140±0.050,明显低于无淋巴结转移患者(p0.05),而MMP-9阳性表达率为86.67%,明显高于无淋巴结转移患者(p0.05);microRNA-21和MMP-9呈负相关(r_s=-0.327, p0.05)。本研究表明,microRNA-21在NSCLC中低表达,而MMP-9表达升高,二者呈负相关且与NSCLC临床病理特征有一定关系。     

凋亡抑制蛋白Livin和抑癌基因p53在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及临床病理学意义

目的检测livin和P53蛋白在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中的表达并分析其临床病理学意义。方法采用免疫组织化学(SABC)的方法检测livin和P53蛋白在40例NSCLC患者肺癌组织切片中的表达,分析其与临床病理学参数之间的关系。结果40例NSCLC中livin和P53蛋白阳性表达率分别为47.5%和52.5%,在淋巴结转移的NSCLC组织中livin的阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移的肺癌组织(P<0.05),且与肺癌不同分期有关(P<0.05)。P53蛋白表达亦与肿瘤分期有关,P53在鳞癌中的表达率显著高于腺癌(P<0.05)。P53和livin均与年龄、性别、肿瘤分化程度等临床病理学参数无关(P>0.05)。Livin与P53蛋白的表达无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论livin与P53异常表达与NSCLC的恶性生物学行为有关,其表达对临床上判断NSCLC的预后有重要意义。     

转录因子Snail在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及意义

目的检测转录因子Snail mRNA及蛋白在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)中的表达,探讨Snail在NSCLC发生发展中的作用。方法采用免疫组织化学、RT-PCR的方法检测NSCLC、癌旁相对正常肺组织(>5cm)中转录因子Snail蛋白及mRNA的表达,并分析其与临床病理参数之间的关系。结果 NSCLC组织中Snail mRNA的阳性表达率(82.7%)高于癌旁相对正常肺组织(23.1%,P<0.05);NSCLC组织中Snail mRNA的阳性表达量(1.368±0.614)高于癌旁相对正常肺组织(0.579±0.217,P<0.05)。NSCLC组织中Snail蛋白的阳性表达率(80.8%)高于癌旁相对正常肺组织(23.1%,P<0.05),且癌组织中Snail蛋白阳性表达率与TNM分期、淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),而与组织分型、分化程度、吸烟史无关(P>0.05)。结论 NSCLC的癌变、侵袭、转移可能与Snail蛋白、mRNA的高表达有关。     

幽门螺杆菌感染性胃癌组织中cyclinD1、MMP-9的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染性胃癌组织中细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclinD1)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的表达及其临床意义。方法:选取2016年12月到2018年6月期间在兰州大学第一医院接受治疗的胃癌患者80例,收集其手术切除的病理组织。采用C-14呼气试验和改良Giemsa染色检测患者HP感染的情况,采用免疫组化法检测胃癌组织中cyclinD1、MMP-9表达情况。分析HP感染、cyclinD1、MMP-9表达与胃癌患者临床病理特征的关系,并分析胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达的相关性。结果:80例胃癌患者HP感染阳性56例(70.00%),阴性24例(30.00%)。有淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T3+T4的胃癌患者的HP感染阳性率高于无淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T1+T2的胃癌患者(P0.05)。80例胃癌患者cyclinD1阳性表达45例(56.25%),阴性表达35例(43.75%),MMP-9阳性表达65例(81.25%),阴性表达15例(18.75%),TNM临床分期为III+IV期、分化程度为低分化、有淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T3+T4的胃癌患者的cyclinD1、MMP-9阳性表达率明显高于TNM临床分期为I+II期、分化程度为中高分化、无淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T1+T2的胃癌患者(P0.05)。HP感染阳性患者的cyclinD1阳性表达率和MMP-9阳性表达率均明显高于HP感染阴性患者(P0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:胃癌患者的HP感染情况与淋巴结转移、浸润深度有关,cyclinD1和MMP-9的表达与TNM临床分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移、浸润深度有关,且胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达均呈正相关。     

非小细胞肺癌中DPC4、VEGF基因的表达及相关性研究

目的:研究DPC4和VEGF基因在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及相关性.方法:利用免疫组织化学SP法检测60例NSCLC组织、10例相应的癌旁正常肺组织中DPC4、VEGF的表达.结果:DPC4在60例NSCLC标本中的阳性表达率为63.3%(38/60),癌旁正常肺组织中的阳性表达率90.0%(9/10),差别有显著性意义(P＜0.05);DPCA与患者的年龄、性别、组织学类型、TNM分期、肿瘤细胞分化程度无关(P＞0.05),而与淋巴结转移显著相关(P＜0.05).肺癌组织中VEGF阳性率(81.7%,49/60)明显高于正常肺组织(20.0%,2/10),有显著性差别(P＜0.05);VEGF的阳性表达与患者的年龄、性别、组织学类型无关(P＞0.05),而与TNM分期、肿瘤细胞分化程度、淋巴结转移明显相关.60例NSCLC中,DPCA的表达与VEGF呈明显的负相关(r=0.303,P＜0.05).结论:DPC4在肺癌组织中低表达,可促进肺癌的淋巴结转移.VEGF在肺癌组织中高表达,可促进肺癌的发生、发展、转移.DPC4、VEGF在肺癌中的表达呈负相关,提示DPC4可能通过下调VEGF的表达而抑制血管的生成.     

非小细胞肺癌Survivin，Skp2和XIAP mRNA的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)生存素(Survivin)、S期激酶相关蛋白2(Skp2)和X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)mRNA的表达及其临床意义。方法:收集2014年4月到2017年5月期间我院182例NSCLC患者在手术中切除的病理组织作为研究组,另收集每例患者癌变组织旁5cm以外的癌旁组织作为对照组。比较两组的Survivin、Skp2和XIAP mRNA阳性率,并分析Survivin、Skp2和XIAP mRNA表达与临床病理特征的关系。结果:研究组的Survivin、Skp2和XIAP mRNA阳性率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Survivin m RNA的阳性表达与年龄、性别、组织类型、分化程度、临床分期、淋巴结转移、吸烟史无关(P0.05)。Skp2 mRNA的阳性表达与年龄、性别、组织类型、分化程度、淋巴结转移、吸烟史无关(P0.05),与临床分期相关(P0.05)。XIAP mRNA的阳性表达与年龄、性别、组织类型、分化程度、吸烟史无关(P0.05),与临床分期、淋巴结转移相关(P0.05)。结论:Survivin、Skp2和XIAP m RNA在NSCLC患者的病理组织中呈高表达,Skp2 m RNA的阳性表达与临床分期有关,XIAP mRNA的阳性表达与临床分期、淋巴结转移有关。     

VEGF、MMP-2与MMP-9在卵巢癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨VEGF、MMP-2和MMP-9在卵巢癌组织中的表达及其与卵巢癌发生发展的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学法检测VEGF、MMP-2和MMP-9在正常卵巢组织、卵巢癌组织中的表达,并对三者的相关性进行分析.结果:卵巢癌组织中VEGF、MMP-2和MMP-9蛋白的表达阳性率显著高于正常卵巢组织(P<0.05),且在卵巢癌Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者标本中阳性率高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期(P<0.05);VEGF、MMP-2和MMP-9蛋白阳性表达率与卵巢癌临床分期和淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05).结论:正常卵巢组织和卵巢癌组织中VEGF、MMP-2和MMP-9蛋白含量的变化一致;VEGF、MMP-2和MMP-9均参与了卵巢癌的发生发展过程,三者间可能有协同作用.     

MMP-9、TIMP-1及细菌L型在卵巢乳头状癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨MMP-9、TIMP-1及细菌L型在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及临床意义。方法采用原位杂交和免疫组化及革兰染色方法检测97例卵巢乳头状癌及23例卵巢乳头状瘤组织中MMP-9、TIMP-1的表达及细菌L型检出率,并用2χ检验进行统计学处理。结果卵巢乳头状癌中MMP-9及TIMP-1的表达率均明显高于良性肿瘤(P<0.005)。MMP-9在卵巢乳头状癌中临床分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期中的表达率明显高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期(P<0.005~P<0.01),随着病理分级增高而显著增加(P<0.005~P<0.05),腹腔淋巴结有转移和有腹水者均高于无腹腔淋巴结转移和无腹水者(P<0.005~P<0.05)。而TIMP-1阳性表达与MMP-9阳性表达相反,呈负相关。细菌L型检出阳性率与病理分级及临床分期差异有显著性,腹腔淋巴结有转移比无转移者、有腹水比无腹水者差异有显著性(P<0.005)。结论MMP-9、TIMP-1基因及蛋白在卵巢肿瘤中有不同程度的异常表达,两者均可作为判断卵巢肿瘤生物学行为及患者预后参考指标。L型感染极有可能成为诱发肿瘤因素之一,它与MMP-9、TIMP-1可能有协同致瘤及恶性肿瘤侵袭和转移作用。研究细菌L型感染与肿瘤的关系,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

非小细胞肺癌WWOX和ALDH1水平与血管生成的相关性分析

目的检测WWOX、ALDH1和CD34蛋白在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung carcinoma,NSCLC)中的表达,并分析它们之间的相互关系以及与NSCLC患者各临床参数之间的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学法检测120例NSCLC和60例正常肺组织中WWOX、ALDH1和CD34蛋白的表达,并计数MVD(通过CD34标记阳性的管腔结构来计数)情况。结果WWOX在NSCLC中阳性表达率低,阳性率与NSCLC分化程度、淋巴结转移及临床分期之间呈负相关;ALDH1在NSCLC中阳性表达率高,阳性率与NSCLC分化程度、淋巴结转移及临床分期之间呈正相关。MVD计数在分化程度差、TNM分期高及淋巴结转移的NSCLC中较高。Spearman相关分析发现,WWOX的阳性率和ALDH1的阳性率及MVD计数之间呈负相关;ALDH1的阳性率与MVD计数之间呈正相关。结论 WWOX和ALDH1的表达可能参与了NSCLC的发生、发展、侵袭和转移过程,并促进NSCLC中的血管生成;在NSCLC中检测WWOX和ALDH1的表达和MVD计数情况可以早期预测其浸润和转移。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.