野生豆腐柴营养成分分析

对豆腐柴叶水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗纤维、总糖、Vcβc、矿物元素的含量及氨基酸的组成和含量进行分析,为合理地开发与利用野生资源植物豆腐柴提供了科学的依据。     

丽水市野生豆腐柴叶片形态多样性研究

目的：通过对野生豆腐柴种质形态多样性及生物量的研究，为其开发利用提供参考。方法：选取六份形态差异明显的野生豆腐柴种质资源，测量叶片形态相关指标、测定生物量，并进行比较分析。结果：通过相关性分析发现，在六份野生种质资源中，叶片面积均与叶片周长、叶片长度显著正相关，而叶片数量与一级枝条直径大小相关性普遍较差。资源5的叶质比最高，比其他5份材料的平均数高出111%，同时，资源5生物量向根系和茎的分配比例低于其它资源。结论：从六份野生豆腐柴种质资源中筛选到一份生物量向叶片分配比例较高的材料，其叶片数量和叶片面积均高于其他材料；叶片长度可作为区分不同豆腐柴种质资源的参数。     

豆腐柴根提取物对小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响

将不同剂量豆腐柴(Premna Microphylla Turcz)根提取物分别灌胃给药,通过小鼠刚果红吞噬试验,初步研究了豆腐柴根提取物对小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响。结果表明,豆腐柴根提取物具有增强机体非特异性免疫功能的作用,其中以C组的效果最为显著。该研究为合理开发利用豆腐柴这一野生药物资源提供了科学的实验依据。     

豆腐柴的开发与利用

一、概述豆腐柴Premna microphylla Turez,又名臭黄荆、豆腐木、腐婢。属马鞭草科多年生落叶灌木。豆腐柴的鲜叶或干叶经加工后,可提取果胶、蛋白质、脂肪等,广泛用于食品工业,化工、医药方面的添加剂。加工后的残渣或鲜叶可直接用作牲畜的补充饲料。除此之外,其根、叶性味“苦、微辛、凉”是治疗疮、痢疾、肝火头痛、毒蛇咬伤,无名肿毒、创     

豆腐柴根提取物对小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖反应的影响

利用3H-TdR放射性来测定T淋巴细胞增殖强度的方法,研究了豆腐柴根提取物对小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖反应的影响.结果表明,豆腐柴根提取物在一定浓度范围内可促进刀豆蛋白(ConA)诱导T淋巴细胞发生增殖反应,其中2μg.mL-1提取物浓度效果最为明显.该研究为合理开发利用豆腐柴这一野生药物资源提供了科学的实验依据.     

豆腐柴及其开发利用初步研究

豆腐柴（Premna microphylla Turcz.)是一种重要的野生果胶资源植物。本文简要地介绍了豆腐柴的生物学特性,经济利用价值,栽培技术和加工工艺,并就其在湘西自治州山区的开发利用提出建议。     

安徽皖南山区豆腐柴化学成分预试

目的:对豆腐柴(Premna microphylla Turcz.)化学成分进行预试.方法:采用经典化学预试法对豆腐柴的水浸液、醇提液、石油醚提取液进行成分预试.结果:豆腐柴中含有黄酮及其苷类、三萜类及其苷类、糖、酚类、氨基酸、蛋白质、挥发油等化合物.结论:野生豆腐柴资源丰富,具有较好的营养价值,可以作为功能食品或药品加以开发利用.     

豆腐柴研究进展

豆腐柴(Premna microphylla Turcz.)作为一种具有重要营养价值和药用价值的野生植物资源,近年来逐渐引起人们的关注。综述了近几年来关于豆腐柴生物学特性、营养成分和药用成分分析、加工利用以及栽培技术方面的研究现状和存在问题,并对豆腐柴的开发利用进行了展望。     

豆腐柴叶挥发油化学成分及其抗氧化和抑菌作用研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取豆腐柴叶的挥发油,通过气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)对挥发油进行化学成分分析,并以还原能力、对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)和2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基清除能力及抑制微生物生长为评价指标,研究其体外抗氧化和抑菌作用。结果表明,从豆腐柴叶挥发油中共分离鉴定出化合物有26种,占挥发油总量的98.10%,主要成分有丙酸乙酯(33.70%)、2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)(9.38%)、叶绿醇(7.91%)、α-桉叶醇(3.75%)、角鲨烯(3.39%)和棕榈酸(3.34%)等。豆腐柴叶挥发油具有较强的抗氧化活性,其还原能力和对DPPH、ABTS自由基清除能力随其浓度的增加而增强;对DPPH、ABTS自由基清除作用的半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为3.396 mg/m L和0.761 mg/m L。豆腐柴叶挥发油对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和绿脓杆菌均有显著抑制作用,挥发油的质量浓度与对4种受试菌的抑制作用呈量效关系,其最低抑制浓度(MIC)均为1.125 mg/m L。故豆腐柴叶挥发油具有较好的抗氧化和抑菌特性,为其在食品和药品方面的研究与应用提供了理论基础。     

谈两种马鞭草科植物

豆腐柴(Premna microphylla)和化石树(Clerodendrum japonicum)都是马鞭草科(Vebenaceae)植物,前者属臭黄荆属(Premna)、后者属赪桐属(Clerodendrum) 一、豆腐柴,又名豆腐木,多年生灌木,叶有臭味,分布于华东、中南、西南各省区,生山坡林下,其叶可制豆腐。夏秋之际,采摘其叶片,加水揉成汁,再用纱布滤浆,在滤过的绿色汁液中,加少量草木灰水,即可制成开胃、清凉解毒的绿色豆腐。以此豆腐生拌辣酱食用,风味独特,素油煮食,则鲜香可口。生化分析表明,叶片中含有30%左右的果胶,这是能被做成豆腐的主要原因。它是提取果胶的理想材料。叶片蛋白质含量     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.