甲泼尼龙联合普米克令舒治疗小儿急性喉炎的疗效及对血清IFN-γ、SAA、IL-6水平的影响

目的:探讨甲泼尼龙联合普米克令舒治疗小儿急性喉炎的疗效及对血清干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、淀粉样蛋白(SAA)、白介素-6(IL-6)水平的影响。方法:选择2015年6月至2018年6月我院接诊的急性喉炎患儿76例,通过随机数表法将其分为观察组40例和对照组36例。在常规治疗上,对照组以地塞米松联合普米克令舒治疗,观察组以甲泼尼龙联合普米克令舒治疗,两组均连续治疗3～5d。比较两组的临床疗效、临床症状缓解时间、治疗前后血清IFN-γ、SAA、IL-6水平的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组临床疗效总有效率明显高于对照组[92.50%(37/40) vs. 75.00%(27/36)](P0.05);观察组咳嗽、声嘶、呼吸困难、哮鸣音、发热缓解时间均明显短于对照组[(3.19±0.51)d vs.(4.01±0.64)d,(1.76±0.21)d vs.(2.48±0.30)d,(1.02±0.14)d vs.(1.76±0.19)d,(2.74±0.42)d vs.(3.39±0.53)d,(1.45±0.20)d vs.(2.04±0.27)d](P0.05);观察组血清IFN-γ、SAA、IL-6均明显低于对照组[(43.03±3.47)ng/L vs.(52.81±4.60)ng/L,(37.40±4.12)mg/L vs.(49.83±5.47)mg/L,(11.02±1.42)ng/L vs.(15.73±1.70)ng/L](P0.05);两组不良反应总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:甲泼尼龙联合普米克令舒治疗急性喉炎患儿的临床效果显著优于地塞米松治疗,其可更有效促进疾病恢复,其内在机制可能和显著降低血清IFN-γ、SAA、IL-6水平,抑制机体过度炎症反应相关。     

乌司他丁联合生长抑素辅助连续血液净化对重症胰腺炎患者血清HSP70、IL-15、HMGB1水平的影响

目的:研究乌司他丁联合生长抑素辅助连续血液净化对重症胰腺炎患者血清热休克蛋白70(Heat shock protein 70,HSP70)、白介素-15(Interleukin-15,IL-15)、高迁移率族蛋白B1(high mobility group protein1,HMGB1)水平的影响。方法:选择2018年5月～2019年10月在我院就诊的82例重症胰腺炎患者,依据入院先后顺序分为对照组(40例)和研究组(42例)。对照组采用生长抑素辅助连续血液净化治疗,研究组采用乌司他丁联合生长抑素辅助连续血液净化治疗。观察和比较两组临床疗效,症状改善时间,治疗前后血清白蛋白(albumin,Alb)、尿素氮(Urea nitrogen,BUN)、血肌酐(Serum creatinine,Scr)、血淀粉酶(amylase,AMY)、HSP70、IL-15、HMGB1水平及急性生理学及慢性健康状况(APACHEⅡ)评分的变化情况和不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,研究组总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05),症状改善时间及住院时间均少于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组Alb均较治疗前显著上升,BUN、Scr、AMY、APACHEⅡ评分、血清HSP70、IL-15、HMGB1水平均较治疗前明显下降,研究组以上指标的变化较对照组更明显(P0.05)。两组不良反应总发生率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:乌司他丁联合生长抑素辅助血液净化有利于重症胰腺炎患者病情恢复,减轻临床症状,降低HSP70、IL-15和HMGB1水平。     

醋酸奥曲肽联合乌司他丁对重症急性胰腺炎患者血清ET、MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6水平及预后的影响

目的:探讨醋酸奥曲肽联合乌司他丁对重症急性胰腺炎血清内皮素(ET)、单核细胞趋化因子蛋白1(MCP-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)水平及预后的影响。方法:纳入我院2017年1月至2018年9月收治的94例重症急性胰腺炎患者,并依据随机数字表法将其分为对照组47例与观察组47例。对照组患者给予乌司他丁治疗,观察组在对照组基础上结合醋酸奥曲肽治疗,两组疗程均为7～14 d。比较两组治疗的疗效,血淀粉酶和尿淀粉酶恢复正常时间,腹痛缓解时间、肠鸣音恢复时间和腹胀缓解时间,治疗前后血清ET、MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6水平的变化及预后。结果:观察组治疗总有效率(93.62%)显著高于对照组(72.34%)(P0.05)。观察组血淀粉酶和尿淀粉酶恢复时间、腹痛缓解时间、肠鸣音恢复时间和腹胀缓解时间明显短于对照组(P0.05)。两组治疗后血清ET、MCP-1、TNF-α和IL-6水平均较治疗前降低(P0.05),且观察组以上指标均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。观察组出院时生存率高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:与单用乌司他丁相比,醋酸奥曲肽联合乌司他丁治疗重症急性胰腺炎患者疗效更好,其可显著降低患者血清ET、MCP-1、TNF-α和IL-6水平。     

乌司他丁联合生长抑素治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床疗效

目的:探讨重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)采用乌司他丁联合生长抑素治疗的临床疗效,为临床治疗提供参考。方法:按照随机数字表法将2011年5月~2013年5月我院收治的SAP患者分为观察组和对照组,两组均予乌司他丁进行治疗,观察组在此基础上联合生长抑素进行治疗,比较两组的临床治疗效果。结果:观察组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组腹痛缓解时间、血淀粉酶恢复时间、尿淀粉酶恢复时间、腹水消退时间少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后的不良反应主要有恶心、呕吐,肠鸣音活跃,阵发性腹痛,大便次数增加以及头晕等症状,两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05),经对症治疗和综合护理后,不良反应得到不同程度的缓解。结论:SAP采用乌司他丁联合生长抑素治疗具有疗效好,不良反应少等特点,临床有重要参考价值。     

吡格列酮联合阿卡波糖对2型糖尿病患者血清RBP4、Leptin、Visfatin水平的影响

目的:探讨吡格列酮联合阿卡波糖治疗2型糖尿病的临床效果及对患者血清视黄醇结合蛋白4(RBP4)、瘦素(Leptin)、内脂素(Visfatin)表达的影响。方法:选择2015年10月至2017年10月我院接诊的90例2型糖尿病患者为本研究对象,通过随机数表法将其分为观察组(n=46)和对照组(n=44)。对照组在常规治疗基础上给予阿卡波糖治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合吡格列酮治疗,两组均连续治疗12周。比较两组治疗前后血糖、动态血糖、胰岛细胞功能、血清RBP4、Leptin和Visfatin水平的变化和不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)均明显低于对照组[(6.58±1.30)mmol/L vs.(7.47±1.44)mmol/L,(9.20±1.22)mmol/L vs.(10.36±1.31)mmol/L,(5.23±0.46)%vs.(5.88±0.62)%](P0.05);观察组最大血糖波动幅度(LAGS)、平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE)均明显低于对照组低,日平均达标率明显高于对照组[(7.43±1.26)mmol/L vs.(8.58±1.59)mmol/L,(3.39±0.42)mmol/L vs.(5.21±0.69)mmol/L,(90.34±2.40)%vs.(82.01±2.15)%](P0.05);观察组胰岛素β细胞(HOMA-β)明显高于对照组,胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)明显低于对照组[(53.84±6.20) vs.(41.85±5.03),(2.84±0.40) vs.(3.72±0.72)](P0.05);观察组血清RBP4、Leptin、Visfatin水平均明显低于对照组[(8.30±1.20)mg/L vs.(10.57±1.65)mg/L,(8.23±1.42)μg/L vs.(10.84±1.79)μg/L,(17.40±2.42)μg/L vs.(24.03±3.06)μg/L](P0.05)。两组治疗期间均未发生头晕、低血糖等药物不良反应。结论:吡格列酮联合阿卡波糖治疗2型糖尿病患者的临床效果显著由于单用阿卡波糖的患者,其可显著患者降低血糖水平和改善IR,其内在机制可能和降低血清RBP4、Leptin、Visfatin的表达相关。     

乌司他丁联合连续性肾脏替代疗法对急性重症胰腺炎患者炎症因子及免疫球蛋白的影响

目的:探讨乌司他丁联合连续性肾脏替代疗法(CRRT)对急性重症胰腺炎(SAP)患者炎症因子及免疫球蛋白的影响。方法:选取2013年2月至2017年8月期间我院收治的SAP患者148例为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(n=74)与观察组(n=74),两组均给予常规治疗以及乌司他丁药物治疗,观察组则在此基础上联合CRRT治疗,两组均治疗28d后,观察并比较两组患者的临床疗效,治疗前后白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)及IgA、IgG、IgM水平的变化。结果:观察组的总有效率为90.54%(67/74),显著高于对照组的67.57%(50/74)(P0.05)。两组患者治疗28d后血清IL-6、CRP、PCT水平较治疗前均显著降低,且观察组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗28d后IgA、IgG、IgM较治疗前均显著升高,且观察组IgG、IgM显著高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后观察组ICU住院时间短于对照组(P0.05),两组患者病死率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:乌司他丁联合CRRT治疗SAP效果显著,可有效降低患者炎症因子水平,调节免疫系统,改善患者预后,值得临床推广应用。     

生脉注射液联合曲美他嗪治疗缺血性心肌病合并肾功能不全的临床疗效分析

目的:研究生脉注射液联合曲美他嗪治疗缺血性心肌病合并肾功能不全的临床疗效。方法:选取2015年3月至2017年3月我院收治的100例缺血性心肌病合并肾功能不全患者,按照随机数表法分为观察组(n=50)和对照组(n=50)。对照组采用曲美他嗪治疗,观察组采用生脉注射液联合曲美他嗪治疗。观察和比较两组的治疗疗效、治疗前后心功能指标(左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左室收缩末径(LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD))、肾功能指标(血肌酐(Scr),尿素氮(BUN))、心肌损伤标志物(血清胱抑素(Cys C)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、脑钠肽(BNP))水平的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组[92.30%(48/52) vs.70.83%(34/48)](P0.05),LVEDD、LVESD水平均显著低于对照组[(51.21±8.54)mm vs.(56.63±10.83)mm,(42.91±6.30)mm vs.(45.86±7.32)mm](P0.05),LVEF水平均显著高于对照组[(46.02±7.85)%vs.(41.20±8.84)%](P0.05),Scr、BUN水平均显著低于对照组[(164.30±17.95)μmol/L vs.(211.75±19.31)μmol/L;(8.12±0.76)mmol/L vs.(11.74±1.72)mmol/L](P0.05)。血清Cys C、HCY、NT-Pro BNP水平均显著低于对照组[(0.90±0.21)mg/L vs 1.52±0.34)mg/L (12.34±3.89)μmol/L vs.(20.86±5.28)μmol/L,(298.47±78.41)ng/L vs.(402.35±92.76)ng/L](P0.05)。结论:生脉注射液联合曲美他嗪治疗缺血性心肌病合并肾功能不全的的临床疗效显著优于单用曲美他嗪治疗,其可有效改善患者心、肾功能,减轻心肌细胞损伤。     

乙酰半胱氨酸辅助治疗小儿支原体肺炎的疗效及对CD分子含量的影响

目的:探讨乙酰半胱氨酸辅助治疗小儿支原体肺炎的疗效及对CD分子含量的影响。方法:选择2019年1月至2019年12月我院收治的90例支原体肺炎患儿,通过随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,每组45例。对照组给予常规处理,观察组在对照组基础上,联合吸入乙酰半胱氨酸溶液治疗,两组均连续治疗5 d。比较两组临床疗效、症状消失时间、住院时间、治疗前后、白细胞计数(WBC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、CD_3~+、CD_4~+、CD_4~+/CD_8~+的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组临床疗效总有效率为93.33%,明显高于对照组(77.78%,P0.05);观察组咳嗽及肺啰音消失时间、住院时间明显短于对照组[(5.24±1.07)d vs (6.59±1.16)d,(5.53±0.76)d vs (6.75±1.04)d,(7.01±1.40)d vs (8.11±1.36)d](P0.05);观察组白细胞计数(WBC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)明显低于对照组[(5.06±0.72)×10~9/L vs(7.34±1.30)×10~9/L,(1.86±0.20)mg/L vs (4.63±0.61)mg/L],CD_3~+、CD_4~+、CD_4~+/CD_8~+明显高于对照组[(64.81±5.63)%vs(58.03±4.27)%,(36.86±3.09)%vs(29.17±2.64)%,(1.32±0.18)%vs(1.20±0.12)%](P0.05)。两组治疗期间均未见明显不良反应。结论:乙酰半胱氨酸辅助治疗小儿支原体肺炎效果明显,其有助于促进疾病恢复,且安全性好,其内在机制可能和调节CD分子含量、修复免疫紊乱等相关。     

补锌联合消旋卡多曲治疗小儿轮状病毒性肠炎中的临床疗效及对血浆TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17水平的影响

目的:探讨补锌联合消旋卡多曲治疗小儿轮状病毒性肠炎的临床疗效及对血浆肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白介素(IL)IL-6、IL-17水平的影响。方法:选择2015年3月至2017年3月我院接诊的96例轮状病毒性肠炎患儿为研究对象,通过随机数表法分为观察组(n=48)和对照组(n=48)。对照组在常规治疗基础上给予消旋卡多曲颗粒治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上联合葡萄糖酸锌片治疗,两组均连续治疗7d。比较两组治疗前后血浆TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17水平的变化,治疗后第3d、5d、7d时的病毒转阴率,症状好转时间、住院时间及临床疗效。结果:治疗后,两组血浆TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17水平均较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),且观察组血浆TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17水平明显低于对照组[(29.45±3.12)ng/L vs.(47.83±3.91)ng/L,(24.56±3.05)μg/L vs.(36.12±3.28)μg/L,(9.74±1.14)pg/ml vs.(18.45±2.02)pg/ml](P0.05)。观察组在第3d、5d、7d时的病毒转阴率均明显高于对照组[56.25%(27/48)vs.29.17%(14/48),72.92%(35/48)vs.50.00%(24/48),95.83%(46/48)vs.75.00%(36/48)](P0.05)。观察组止吐时间、止泻时间、退热时间、大便性状恢复时间及住院时间均明显比对照组短[(1.28±0.30)d vs.(2.34±0.38)d,(2.12±0.32)d vs.(3.53±0.40)d,(1.23±0.25)d vs.(2.45±0.32)d,(2.07±0.30)d vs.(3.12±0.36)d,(4.85±0.56)d vs.(6.13±0.70)d](P0.05);观察组临床疗效总有效率明显高于对照组[93.75%(45/48)vs.70.83%(34/48)](P0.05)。结论:补锌联合消旋卡多曲治疗轮状病毒性肠炎患儿的临床效果明显优于消旋卡多曲颗粒治疗,其可有效缓解临床症状,可能与有效降低血浆TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17的水平相关。     

腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效及对血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子水平的影响

目的:探讨腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效及对患儿血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子水平的影响。方法:选取2017年3月至2019年3月我院收治的203例新生儿黄疸患儿,按照随机数表法分为观察组(n=105)和对照组(n=98)。对照组采用白蛋白治疗,观察组采用腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗。观察及对比两组治疗疗效,黄疸消退时间及黄疸指数水平,治疗前后胆红素各项指标、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子、转铁蛋白水平的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组[92.38%(97/105) vs. 80.61%(79/98)](P0.05);黄疸消退时间及黄疸指数水平均显著低于对照组[(4.15±0.82) d vs.(5.31±0.92) d,(56.02±7.36)μmol/L vs.(82.86±9.32)μmol/L](P0.05);间接胆红素、结合胆红素、总胆红素水平均显著低于对照组[(108.75±6.21) d vs.(146.03±7.32) d,(7.49±0.85)μmol/L vs.(9.57±1.02)μmol/L,(117.80±6.52)μmol/L vs.(151.09±8.34)μmol/L](P0.05);γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子均显著低于对照组[(56.01±6.45) U/L vs.(89.56±10.73) U/L,(19.30±2.17) ng/L vs 26.78±3.67) ng/L](P0.05);而转铁蛋白水平均显著高于对照组[(1.96±0.27)g/L vs.(1.60±0.24)g/L](P0.05)。结论:腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效显著优于单用白蛋白治疗,其可有效改善患儿的黄疸临床症状,降低血清胆红素、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子水平。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.