假交替单胞菌JIV-49产抗真菌活性物质的发酵条件研究

目的:对假交替单胞菌JIV-49进行了发酵条件的研究。方法:采用单因素实验法对JIV-49产抗真菌活性物质的发酵培养基及主要的影响因子如初始pH值、温度、培养时间、接种量、转速、摇瓶装液量等进行了考察。结果:确定了最佳培养基为:牛肉膏为2.5%、KBr为0.01%、盐浓度为6%;最佳培养条件为:初始pH值为7.5、温度为30℃、培养时间为96h、接种量为7%,摇床转速为180r/min,摇瓶装液量为75ml/500ml。结论:初步确定了JIV-49发酵的条件,为工业化生产抗真菌活性物质提供了科学依据。     

赭曲霉的高密度培养对坎利酮转化的影响

目的:研究赭曲霉高密度培养的发酵培养基及条件,实现坎利酮的高转化.方法:选取廉价易得的培养基成分并进行优化,同时对发酵条件进行优化,得到了最优发酵培养基配方及培养条件.结果:发酵培养基最优配方为:葡萄糖20g/L,玉米浆20g/L,酵母膏20g/L,K2HPO4 2.5g/L.种子液最佳培养时间为24h,发酵培养基初始pH 5.8,接种量为8%,装液量200mL/1000mL,摇床转速为180 r/min,28℃,底物投料时间24h,发酵结束时间72 h.结论:将该工艺在7L发酵罐中放大,菌体密度达到25.36g/L,11α羟基坎利酮的转化率为86.1%.     

青霉P-1产植酸酶发酵条件的研究

研究了碳源、氮源等对青霉(Penicillium)P-1液体发酵产植酸酶的影响。最佳碳源为蔗糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨和硝酸铵。最适发酵产酶条件为培养温度30℃,发酵培养基最适pH 5,摇瓶装液量10%,接种量4%,摇床转速120 r/min,培养时间96 h,最高酶活性可达78 U/L。     

茶树菇液体发酵条件的优化

对茶树菇(Agrocybe cylindracea)液体摇瓶培养的碳氮源、接种量、装液量以及培养时间进行了研究,筛选出了茶树菇液体培养的适宜条件。尝试将外源植物激素应用于茶树菇液体培养中,探讨其加快菌丝体繁殖的可能性。结果表明,茶树菇液体发酵适宜的培养基为:马铃薯20%+小麦粉2%+酵母粉0.1%+MgSO_4 0.3%+KH_2PO_40.2%+VB_1 10 mg/L。培养条件以250 mL摇瓶装液量120 mL,接种量10 mL/100 mL,培养9 d终止发酵为宜。培养基中添加10 mg/L的外源激素NAA,能显著提高菌丝的生物量。     

白灵菇液体发酵工艺

以菌丝生物量为指标,探讨了白灵菇最适的液体发酵培养基和培养条件,结果表明:最适培养基为葡萄糖1.0%,玉米粉3.0%,酵母粉0.1%,黄豆粉2.0%,磷酸二氢钾0.15%,硫酸镁0.1%;摇瓶装液量80mL,接种量10%,起始pH为6.5,摇瓶转速160r/min。     

杏鲍菇液体培养研究初报

采用液体摇瓶培养方法,对杏鲍菇适宜的液体培养基和液全培养条件（适宜温度,摇瓶装量,摇瓶转速,接种量,培养基初始pH等）进行了探讨。结果表明,杏鲍 菇适宜的液体培养基为：葡萄糖3%,蛋白胨0.2%,KH2PO40.05%,MgSO40.05%,pH6.5,适宜的液全培养条件为：培养温度25℃,培养基的初始pH6.5,摇瓶装量100-140ml/500ml,摇瓶转速150r/min,接种量10%,最佳培养时间7d。     

万古霉素产生菌发酵培养基及发酵条件的优化

通过单因素分析和正交试验,对万古霉素产生菌的发酵培养基和发酵条件进行了研究,确定最佳的发酵培养基配方为葡萄糖2.0%,淀粉3.0%,豆粕1.8%,大豆粉2.2%,氯化钠0.2%,碳酸钙0.2%,与原培养基配方相比,优化后万古霉素的摇瓶发酵效价提高了11.2%。同时优化了部分发酵条件,即二级种接种量为10%,溶氧为摇床转速220 r/min时250 mL摇瓶装液量为25 mL。将优化后的发酵工艺进罐验证,其保持了较高的适应性和连续性。     

蔗渣发酵菌剂培养基的筛选及发酵条件的优化

采用单因素和正交试验研究了蔗渣高效发酵菌剂(芽孢杆菌B-A、曲霉菌F-A、链霉菌A-B)的摇瓶发酵最佳工艺条件.结果表明:芽孢杆菌B-A的最佳培养基配方:牛肉膏0.3%、蛋白胨1%、葡萄糖1%、NaCl 0.5%、可溶性淀粉0.5%、3.08%浓度的MnSO4溶液0.1;最适发酵条件为pH7、装液量100 ml(250 ml三角瓶)、36℃培养27 h.曲霉F-A的最佳培养基配方:葡萄糖3%、豆饼粉3%、蛋白胨1.2%、酵母膏0.3%、K2HPO4 0.05%、KH2PO40.05%、CaCl20.08%、MgSO40.04%、MnSO40.04%、ZnSO40.02%;最适发酵条件为pH6、装液量50 ml、30℃培养3 d.链霉菌A-B的最佳培养基配方:可溶性淀粉4.5%、蔗糖1%、豆饼粉3%、NaNO30.2%、ZnSO40.01%、KH2PO40.001%;最适发酵条件为pH7、装液量50 ml、30℃培养3 d.     

一株产苝醌类光敏剂丝状真菌AL18的液体发酵工艺研究

为研究一株丝状真菌AL18产艹北醌类光敏剂的液体发酵工艺。以马铃薯综合培养基为发酵培养基,采用单次单因素实验法,研究了液体摇瓶培养条件对艹北醌类光敏剂产量的影响。实验结果表明:液体摇瓶最适培养条件为250ml三角瓶装液量40ml,接种量7.5%,接种种龄40h,初始pH5.75,摇床转数180r/min,30℃振荡培养48h。在此培养条件下,采用单因素法筛选了发酵培养基中的碳源、氮源和无机离子,选用L9(34)对筛选到的绵白糖(A)、蛋白胨(B)、蚕蛹粉(C)、CuSO4.5H2O(D)进行了正交试验。经优化后的发酵培养基配方为:马铃薯200g/L,绵白糖30g/L,蛋白胨3g/L,蚕蛹粉12.5g/L,磷酸二氢钾1g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸铜0.05g/L,VB1100mg/L。对此发酵培养基配方进行了5次验证实验,艹北醌类光敏剂的平均产量为1.21g/L。     

辅酶Q_(10)产生菌发酵条件的优化

对辅酶Q10生产菌株鞘氨醇单胞菌YZ0803的发酵条件进行优化,确定发酵时间为90 h,250 mL摇瓶装液量为30 mL。培养基组成(质量分数,下同):葡萄糖1.5%,淀粉2.5%,黄豆饼粉2.5%,(NH4)2SO40.5%,NaCl0.03%,K2HPO40.02%,MgSO40.005%。优化后的辅酶Q10产量达到192 mg/L,比采用基础培养基的产量(138mg/L)提高了39.13%。     

水产动物益生菌乳酸杆菌LH发酵工艺的研究

目的从生产实际出发,对1株高效乳酸杆菌（Lactobacillus spp）LH进行液体发酵培养基优化及发酵条件研究。方法通过碳源、氮源、无机盐、促生长素等单因子筛选及正交试验设计获得以下最佳培养基：糖蜜12 g/L,酵母膏5 g/L,蛋白胨1 g/L,葡萄糖4 g/L,玉米浆3 g/L,乙酸钠5 g/L,NaC l 5 g/L,K2HPO42.5 g/L,KH2PO42.5 g/L,MgSO40.5g/L,MnSO40.25 g/L。在此培养基上研究了该菌株最佳发酵条件。结果培养基初始pH 6.0,接种量2%（v/v,相对装液量）,500 m l三角瓶中装液量为500 m l,发酵温度为30～35℃,静置培养。在最佳培养条件下,LH活菌量达到1.74×10^9CFU/m l。结论通过活菌平板计数法测定了乳酸杆菌LH生长曲线,24 h为最佳种龄,生产收获时间是36 h。     

中温碱性脂肪酶的研究Ⅱ.扩展青霉PF868变株产酶条件

本文报道中温碱性脂肪酶高产变株扩展青霉（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍ ｅｘｐａｎｓｕｍ）ＰＦ８６８的产酶条件。研究结果表明ＰＦ８６８最适产酶条件为：碳源玉米粉,氮源黄豆饼粉,起始ｐＨ７．５,产酶培养温度２６℃,移种量１０％;亚适量的豆油有利于产酶;７００ｐｐｍ的泡敌不抑制菌丝生长且有利于产酶;适量的非离子表面活性剂Ｔｗｅｅｎ和Ｓｐａｎ类有利于菌丝生长和脂肪酶的释放。     

Reversibility of chilling injury to corn seedlings

Seedlings of corn (Zea mays) were tested for recovery from chilling injury incurred at 0.3 ± 0.3 C. At 0.3 C visual leaf injury appeared in 36 hours, whereas stem and root injuries appeared later. Appearance of leaf injury was preceded by a rise in O₂ uptake and a lessened effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol on O₂ uptake by leaf segments and was accompanied by increased ion leakage from the leaves. These effects were reversible, in that transfer of seedlings to 21 C after 36 hours at 0.3 C produced a return of O₂ uptake, 2,4-dinitrophenol stimulation, and ion leakage to the levels of unchilled leaves, as well as a disappearance of leaf symptoms, within 72 hours. For most seedlings, transfer to 21 C after 48 to 60 hours at 0.3 C reversed the chilling effects on O₂ uptake, 2,4-dinitrophenol stimulation, and injury symptoms but not on ion leakage within 108 hours. However, some seedlings collapsed during 48 to 60 hours of chilling, and these never recovered. Transfer to 21 C after 72 hours at 0.3 C did not produce recovery from any symptom of chilling injury examined, and these seedlings soon died. No growth occurred at 0.3 C, but growth began soon after transfer to 21 C. Seedlings chilled 24 or 36 hours grew at reduced rates during the first 72 hours at 21 C, but within 96 hours at 21 C were growing at the same rate as nonchilled seedlings. These results demonstrate considerable capacity of growing plants to recover from short chilling treatments even though significant physiological changes occurred at low temperatures.     

Increase of IGF I binding to erythrocyte receptors during the TRH-test: correlation between IGF I binding and thyroid hormone values

The effects of TRH on insulin-like growth factor I receptors were investigated on erythrocytes from 7 GH-deficient children having plasma GH levels less than 10 ng/ml during two provocation tests. Intravenous injection of synthetic TRH (0.2 mg/m2) was followed by a marked increase of IGF I binding on erythrocytes, from 3.9% +/- 0.3% to 5.9% +/- 0.3% (P less than 0.005) after 1 hour and 7.3% +/- 0.4% (P less than 0.005) after 2 hours. The IGF I binding variations were due to an increase in both the receptor affinity and the number of sites. The levels of plasma GH, IGF I, T3, T4, free T4, TSH and prolactin having been determined during the TRH test at 0, 1 hour, and 2 hours after the injection, the increase in the IGF I binding to erythrocytes at the same time correlated with the rise of thyroid hormones: triiodothyronine T3 (P less than 0.001) and thyroxine T4 (P less than 0.005) and not with the level of the other hormones. These findings suggest that thyroid hormones play a role in the regulation of insulin-like growth factor I receptors.     

灵芝液体发酵条件的研究

本文研究了某些因素对灵芝液体发酵的影响。4天菌龄的液体菌种发酵效果最好;300毫升三角瓶以装入60毫升培养液发酵较合适;蔗糖、花生饼粉分别为灵芝液体发酵的理想碳、氮源;液体发酵培养基最佳配方为:蔗糖4％、花生饼粉3％、硫酸铵0.15％、磷酸二氢钾0.15％,可得灵芝菌丝体百分干重为0.83,每100毫升发酵液得粗多糖0.3克。     

碱法提取喜树碱工艺的研究

通过正交试验设计,探讨了以稀NaOH溶液为溶剂从喜树果实中提取喜树碱的工艺条件。确定的最佳工艺条件为:NaOH溶液浓度为0.3%,NaOH溶液用量16ml/g原料·次,提取时间为3~4h,提取温度为室温。     

驱油生物表面活性剂生产菌的筛选与评价

目的:筛选适合油田的生物表面活性剂生产菌。方法:通过发酵培养,研究生物表面活性剂生产菌生长代谢规律;采用正交试验法,优选出其最佳培养条件;通过室内驱油实验评价生物表面活性剂驱油效果。结果:2#菌株最佳培养时间为96小时,最优发酵培养条件为:葡萄糖4.0 g、玉米浆1.6 g、Na2HPO40.1 g、KH2PO40.05 g、MgSO40.05 g、CaCl20.005 g、水100 mL、pH 7.2,培养温度35℃,摇床转速120 r/min,生物表面活性剂驱油提高采收率6.16%。结论:筛选出最优生物表面活性剂产生菌2#,菌株具备产表面活性剂的能力且产物量较高,其生物表面活性剂驱油效果良好。     

土壤放线菌FX05发酵培养基及发酵条件的优化

以高氏1号培养基为基础,通过单因素分析和正交试验,对土壤放线菌FX05最佳培养基扣最优培养条件进行了研究。结果表明：适宜FX05产抑绿脓杆菌活性物质的发酵培养基配方为玉米粉1％、NaNO30．3％、K2HPO40．075％、MgS040．075％,发酵条件为初始pH为7．0,培养温度为28℃,培养96h产抑菌物质迭最大值。     

Fermentation of starch for enhanced alkaline protease production by constructing an alkalophilic Bacillus pumilus strain

A new engineering strain, Bacillus pumilus c172-14 (pBX 96), was obtained by introducing the pBX 96 plasmid, which carries the alpha-amylase amy gene, into the host strain of alkalophilic Bacillus pumilus c172 via transformation. The newly constructed strain was found to express the amy gene and could use starch instead of glucose or starch hydrolysate as carbon source for its fermentation of alkaline protease. The pBX 96 plasmid in the new host was found to be segregationally and structurally stable. The expression of amy gene did not affect the host strain's resistance to bacteriophages. Moreover, the level of alkaline protease was improved significantly compared with the parent strain. The constructed strain gave a maximum alkaline protease activity of 14,014 U/ml in shaking flask after 48 h cultivation when growing in a medium containing 6% corn meal, 4% soybean flour, 0.4% Na2HPO4, 0.03% KH2PO4, 0.02% MgCl2, 0.3% CaCl2, 0.25% Na2CO3, 0.1% glucose, and 20 microg/ml kanamycin (pH 7.0). The optimal pH value and temperature of the alkaline protease were 11.0 and 40 degrees C, respectively. This enzyme was stable over a pH range of 8-11. Its residual activity remained at 100% when treated under a temperature of less than 45 degrees C for 30 min. The corresponding residual activity reduced to 65% of its optimal value at 60 degrees C for 30 min. The alkaline protease was a kind of serine protease, which was demonstrated by the complete inactivation by PMSF (1 mM). This newly constructed strain will be useful in the alkaline protease industry.