D-氨基酸氧化酶与麦芽糖结合蛋白和透明颤菌血红蛋白的融合表达

D-氨基酸氧化酶(DAAO)是一种重要的工业酶。为了进一步提高DAAO在大肠杆菌中的可溶性和活性表达, 分别构建了麦芽糖结合蛋白(MBP)和透明颤菌血红蛋白与三角酵母DAAO (TvDAAO) 的N-端融合蛋白。其中, MBP融合蛋白MBP-TvDAAO在组成型(JM105/pMKC-DAAO)和诱导型菌株(JM105/pMKL-DAAO)中表达时, 目标蛋白的可溶性表达量分别达到全细胞蛋白表达量的28%以上和17%左右, 比无MBP融合的对照菌株BL21(DE3)/pET-DAAO分别提高3.7和1.8倍; 但其酶活水平显著下降。VHb融合蛋白VHb-TvDAAO在重组菌BL21(DE3)/pET-VDAAO中摇瓶诱导表达时, DAAO酶活达到了3.24 u/mL, 比对照菌株BL21(DE3)/pET-DAAO提高了约90%。     

D-氨基酸氧化酶与麦芽糖结合蛋白和透明颤菌血红蛋白的融合表达

D-氨基酸氧化酶(DAAO)是一种重要的工业酶。为了进一步提高DAAO在大肠杆菌中的可溶性和活性表达, 分别构建了麦芽糖结合蛋白(MBP)和透明颤菌血红蛋白与三角酵母DAAO (TvDAAO) 的N-端融合蛋白。其中, MBP融合蛋白MBP-TvDAAO在组成型(JM105/pMKC-DAAO)和诱导型菌株(JM105/pMKL-DAAO)中表达时, 目标蛋白的可溶性表达量分别达到全细胞蛋白表达量的28%以上和17%左右, 比无MBP融合的对照菌株BL21(DE3)/pET-DAAO分别提高3.7和1.8倍; 但其酶活水平显著下降。VHb融合蛋白VHb-TvDAAO在重组菌BL21(DE3)/pET-VDAAO中摇瓶诱导表达时, DAAO酶活达到了3.24 u/mL, 比对照菌株BL21(DE3)/pET-DAAO提高了约90%。     

argE基因在大肠杆菌中的表达优化

N-乙酰鸟氨酸脱酰基酶可在重组菌BL21（DE3）-pET22b-argE中表达。首先确定了该酶的细胞表达定位,再研究了诱导温度、诱导剂种类及浓度、诱导起始菌体密度、诱导时间等因素对重组菌生长及目的蛋白表达活性的影响。结果表明,IPTG和乳糖皆可诱导目的蛋白表达,乳糖的诱导效果优于IPTG。在诱导起始0D600为0．46时加入15g／L乳糖,20℃诱导18h最适于目的蛋白的活性表达。表达条件优化后,酶活从1．68U／mL提高至282．99U／mL,约为原来的168倍。     

一种来源于克劳氏芽孢杆菌的高碱性尿酸氧化酶的异源表达及重组酶性质分析

以碱性蛋白酶生产菌克劳氏芽孢杆菌(Bacillus clausii)基因组DNA为模板PCR扩增获得尿酸氧化酶基因(BcU),插入原核表达载体pET28α中,构建表达载体pET-BcU,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)获得重组大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)/pET-BcU。经IPTG诱导,重组菌BL21(DE3)/pET-BcU表达出有活性的尿酸氧化酶,含空质粒的重组菌在同样条件下没有酶活。酶学性质分析显示,重组酶最适pH值为9.0,在pH值9.0～11范围内酶活几乎不变,是一种高碱性尿酸氧化酶。     

乳糖诱导耐热木聚糖酶基因在大肠杆菌中表达

考察乳糖代替IPTG诱导耐热木聚糖酶基因在重组大肠杆菌BL21中表达的可行性。分别以IPTG和乳糖作为诱导剂,对诱导时机、诱导剂浓度、诱导持续时间等主要因素进行了分析比较。结果表明,当菌体生长至发酵液吸光值OD600达1．3时加入乳糖其终浓度达29．2 mmol／L,37℃,持续诱导9．5h,木聚糖酶活力达到最高,为3587.5U,是IPTG优化条件下持续诱导7h达到的最高酶活的2．07倍,而成本只有IPTG的1／204。     

乳糖诱导木聚糖酶基因在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达

以构建好的大肠杆菌工程菌BL21(DE3)/xylanase为研究对象,研究了以IPTG和乳糖作为诱导剂时重组蛋白的表达规律。在摇瓶发酵条件下研究了诱导剂浓度、诱导时机、诱导培养时间和诱导培养温度对目标蛋白表达的影响。实验结果表明,乳糖作为诱导剂时,重组菌产酶活力33.9 U/mg略高于IPTG作为诱导剂时重组菌产酶活力28.10 U/mg,这为乳糖作为诱导剂应用于重组大肠杆菌生产木聚糖酶提供了参考依据。     

液化沙雷氏菌磷脂酶A1的克隆表达及乳糖自诱导发酵

为了利用大肠杆菌高效生产重组磷脂酶,克隆了液化沙雷氏菌磷脂酶A1的编码基因pla,分别使用pET-28a(+)和pET-20b(+)载体,实现了磷脂酶A1在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中的功能表达.重组菌利用载体pET-28a(+)在原始信号肽的介导下胞外PLA1酶活达40.8 U/mL,占总酶活的91％.重组菌转接至优化后的发酵诱导培养基:蛋白胨10 g/L,酵母粉5g/L,葡萄糖0.8 g/L,乳糖5 g/L,25 mmol/L Na2HPO4,25 mmol/L KH2PO4和1 mmol/L MgSO4;菌体生长6h后,添加7.5 g/L的甘氨酸,37℃恒温发酵24 h,重组菌胞外PLA1酶活达到128.7 U/mL.     

海栖热袍菌胞外α-淀粉酶在E.coli中的高效表达

为解决密码子偏好性差异造成的表达水平低下问题,采取了3种手段提高海栖热袍菌胞外α-淀粉酶在E．coli中的表达水平。用PCR方法从海栖热袍菌（Thermotoga maritima）基因组DNA中扩增出胞外α-淀粉酶A的完整基因amyA,插入表达载体pET-20（b）中构建成质粒pET—amyA;运用基因工程手段将amyA基因富含稀有密码子的信号肽进行切除,将不含信号肽的amyAⅠ基因插入pET-20（b）中构建成质粒pET—amyAⅠ;用PCR法从大肠杆菌基因组中扩增出argU基因,插入pET—amyAⅠ中构建成质粒pET—amyAⅡ。将重组质粒分别转化到E．coli JM109（DE3）,并将重组质粒pET—amyAⅠ转化E．coli BL21-Codon Plus（DE3）-RIL。通过IPTG诱导测酶活性：在E．coli JM109（DE3）中表达的重组酶（pET—amyA）、（pET—amyAⅠ）、（pET—amyAⅡ）的酶活分别是1658．0U／mL、6721．7U／mL、8904．5U／mL,在E．coil BL21-CodonPlus （DE3）-RIL中表达的重组酶（pET—amyAⅠ）的酶活是13867．7U／mL。表明通过这些手段能大幅提高T.maritima胞外α-淀粉酶在E．coli中的表达水平。     

淀粉液化芽孢杆菌β1-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶基因的克隆及表达

为了比较不同的表达系统对β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶基因(bgl)的效果,本研究将高产β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶的淀粉液化芽孢杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS5582的bgl基因(GenBank Accession No.EU623974)克隆到3种不同的质粒载体中,即构建pEGX-4T-1-bgl、pET20b(+)-bgl和pET28a(+)-bgl重组质粒.比较了pEGX-4T-1-bgl,在不同Escherichia coli宿主中表达效果,以及pET20b(+)-bgl和pET28a(+)-bgl在E coli BL21(DE3)中的表达效果.结果表明,E. coli BL21(DE3)-pET28a(+)-bgl能够表达最高的重组β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶酶活,其总酶活可达(322.0±8.8)U/mL,是出发菌在最适摇瓶发酵条件下产酶活的40.1%.对该重组菌的产酶条件进行了分析,结合IPTG和乳糖协同的诱导作用,在基础产酶培养基中产最高总酶活为(1883.3±45.8)U/mL,表明其具有良好的工业应用价值.     

L-谷氨酸氧化酶的克隆表达、纯化及酶学性质研究

为提高微生物产L-谷氨酸氧化酶水平,将Streptomyces sp.X-119-6的L-谷氨酸氧化酶基因(LGOX)与表达载体pET28a连接,导入E.coli BL21(DE3),实现LGOX的高效表达.采用HisTrapTM FF亲和层析柱对重组L-谷氨酸氧化酶进行纯化,并对纯酶的酶学性质进行了研究.结果表明:在IPTG终浓度为0.4 mmol/L下,30℃诱导6h,可以获得比酶活为1.1 U/mg的粗酶液;重组酶的最适反应温度和pH分别为37℃和5.O;km值为2.12 mmol/L,Vmax为1.06μmol/min·mg,对L-谷氨酸具有专一性;具有良好的应用前景.     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.