刺五加在大鼠实验性肝癌诱发过程中作用的探讨

目的探讨大鼠实验性肝癌发病中刺五加对肌体免疫功能和抗氧化酶活性的影响。方法４６只ＳＤ雄性大鼠被随机分成对照组（喂普通饲料）、３－甲基４－双甲氨基偶氮苯（３－Ｍｅ－ＤＡＢ）组（喂含０．０６％３Ｍｅ－ＤＡＢ饲料 １０周）和刺五加组（饲喂同 ３－Ｍｅ－ＤＡＢ外、另加入刺五加 ４．５ｇ／ｋｇ饲料,用常规方法检测全血谷光甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）、血清超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量,用微量化学发光造检测吞噬细胞活性（ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ）。结果１．ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ检测峰值、积分值和吞噬细胞指数,３－ＭｅＤＡＢ组较正常组和刺五加组均有显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５和Ｐ＜０．０１）２．全血ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ活性、ＳＯＤ活性,刺五加组较３－ＭｅＤＡＢ组均有显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＭＤＡ含量刺五加组和３－ＭｅＤＡＢ组均较正常组升高（均Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论刺五加在大鼠实验性肝癌诱发过程中有提高抗氧化酶活性和对抗致癌剂引起的机体中性粒细胞吞噬功能代偿性增高的作用。     

大鼠脑室内注射氨甲酰胆碱对肾钠,钾,水排出的影响

在麻醉大鼠侧脑室注射胆碱能激动剂氨甲酰胆碱（ＣＢＣ）引起显著的促钠排泄、促钾排泄和利尿反应（Ｐ＜０．０５）,其中促钠排泄反应与剂量之间呈量效关系（ｒ＝０．９９９７,Ｐ＜０．０５）。由脑室注射ＣＢＣ（２．７４×１０－３μｍｏｌ）引起的上述反应可以被胆碱能Ｍ受体阻断剂阿托品或Ｎ受体阻断剂六甲双胺预处理完全阻断（Ｐ＜０．０５）。同样,ＣＢＣ的肾脏效应也可被肾上腺素能α受体阻断剂酚妥拉明预处理所部分阻断（Ｐ＜０．０５）。上述结果表明脑室注射ＣＢＣ引起的促钠排泄、促钾排泄和利尿反应是刺激了脑胆碱能Ｍ或Ｎ受体,有部分效应可能继发刺激去甲肾上腺素能α受体。     

植物微核技术在监测水质污染中的应用

应用韭菜微核技术,检测哈尔滨市量具刃具厂含铬废水的遗传毒性,试验表明：含铬废水可诱导韭菜和蚕豆根尖细胞产生微核,进行回归分析,其蚕豆对Ｃｒ＾＋６诱变剂回归分析为ｙ＝２４．９４＋１２７．７７ｘ（ｒ＝０．９９６,Ｐ〈０．０１）,韭菜对Ｃｒ＾＋６诱变剂回归广泛为：ｙ＝２１．７４＋１００．２３ｘ（ｒ＝０．９００,Ｐ〈０．０１）,ｒ＝１１．１７＋３．３８ｘ（ｒ＝０．７８１,Ｐ〈０．０５）,韭菜根尖微核技术具     

春小麦幼苗在水胁迫下内源ABA含量与自由基清除酶活力的变化

３个基因型的春小麦幼苗分别用ＰＥＧ作轻主胁迫（－０．６ＭＰａ）或中度胁迫（－１．５６ＭＰａ）的２个处理,不胁迫为对照,２ｄ后分开观察成熟叶和新生叶中内源ＡＢＡ和３个自由基清除酶活力对水胁迫的反应。３个基因型新生叶ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ平均活力极显著的高于成熟叶中的平均活力（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＰＯＤ却是成熟的高,中度胁迫与对照相比,各基因型各叶龄的酶活力除成熟叶中ＣＡＴ的活力显著下降（Ｐ〈０．０１）外,其它都     

电磁脉冲对大鼠学习和脑内神经递质的影响

探讨电磁脉冲（ＥＭＰ）对大鼠神经系统的效应。实验采用Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠,ＥＭＰ辐照后不同时间用Ｙ－型迷宫测其学习能力,高效液相色谱法检测脑不同部位的神经递质含量。与假照射组（对照组）相比,照后三天内各测定组大鼠学习能力降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）,其中照射后第１天组的海马内５－羟色胺（５－ＨＴ）和多巴酸（ＤＯＰＡＣ）含量升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,下丘脑多巴胺（Ｄｏｐａｍｉｎｅ）含量升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,肾上腺素（Ａｄｒ）含量降低;照后２天组海马Ａｄｒ含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）,海马５－ＨＴ含量升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）;照后３天组海马内Ａｄｒ含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＥＭＰ能够改变大鼠不同脑区神经递质的含量,降低大鼠学习能力     

血小板生长因子(PDGF-BB)刺激体外培养兔肺动脉平滑肌细胞DNA和蛋白质合成

应用细胞培养、３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ和３Ｈ－Ｌｅｕｃｉｎｅ掺入方法,观察血小板生长因子ＢＢ（Ｐｌａｔｅｌｅｔ－ｄｅｒｉｖｅｄＧｒｏｗｔｈＦａｃｔｏｒＢＢ）对体外培养兔肺动脉平滑肌细胞ＤＮＡ和蛋白质合成的影响。结果表明：（１）当ＰＤＧＦ－ＢＢ浓度为１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ时,３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入值已较对照组显著增高（６２６２．５±４１２．９ｖｓ８３３．５±１２４．０,Ｐ＜０．０５）;当ＰＤＧＦ－ＢＢ浓度为２０ｎｇ／ｍｌ时,３Ｈ－Ｌｅｕｃｉｎｅ掺入值亦较对照线显著增高（１０２１２．８±６３８．３ｖｓ７３４０．３±１１９７．９,Ｐ＜０．０５）。（２）ＰＤＧＦ－ＢＢ浓度在５－２５ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内,３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ,３Ｈ－Ｌｅｕｃｉｎｅ掺入值与剂量直线相关（ｒＤＮＡ＝０．９７,ｒｐｒｏｔ＝０．９０Ｐ＜０．０５）。说明ＰＤＧＦ－ＢＢ刺激体外培养兔肺动脉平滑肌细胞ＤＮＡ和蛋白质合成。     

β-淀粉样蛋白31-35片段对海马神经元分离膜片Ca~(2 )激活大电导钾通道的抑制

为了确定β－淀粉样蛋白（ＡβＰ）在影响神经元电生理特性并导致神经毒作用时的最短活性序列，实验采用膜片钳技术，在急性分离的大鼠海马ＣＡＩ区锥体细胞的“内面向外”式膜片上，观察了ＡβＰＲ的３１－３５和２５－３５片段对Ｃａ２＋激活大电导钾（ＢＫ）通道活动的影响。结果显示，浴液中给予 ５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＡβＰ ３１－３５后，ＢＫ通道的平均开放概率（Ｐｏ）和开放频率在１～３ｍｉｎ内分别减少了８５．８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和７２．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；平均开放时间减少了４１．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；平均电流幅度则无明显改变（Ｐ＞０．０５）；给子同样摩尔浓度的ＡβＰ　２５－３５后，ＢＫ通道平均Ｐｏ减少了８５．５％（Ｐ＜０．０１），平均开放时间减少了５１．４％，（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示，两种ＡβＰ片段对海马神经元ＢＫ通道具有抑制作用，这可能与ＡβＰ的神经毒性作用有关；ＡβＰ３１－３５片段可能是ＡβＰ分子中影响细胞电生理特性的最小活性序列。     

氧化修饰高密度脂蛋白对培养人动脉平滑肌细胞细胞周期蛋白D_1基因表达的影响

动脉平滑肌细胞（ｓｍ ｏｏｔｈ ｍ ｕｓｃｌｅ ｃｅｌｌ,ＳＭＣ）是动脉粥样硬化（ａｔｈｅｒｏｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｉｓ,ＡＳ）斑块中的主要细胞,它的增殖在ＡＳ形成过程中极其重要．利用体外培养的人主动脉ＳＭＣ,观察了天然高密度脂蛋白（ｎａｔｉｖｅ ｈｉｇｈ ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ ｌｉｐｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ,Ｎ－ＨＤＬ）及氧化修饰ＨＤＬ（ｏｘｉｄｉｚｅｄ ＨＤＬ,ＯＸ－ＨＤＬ）对培养人主动脉ＳＭＣ ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１（细胞周期蛋白Ｄ１）基因转录表达的影响．结果表明：（１）Ｎ－ＨＤＬ对ＳＭＣｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１基因表达无影响（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）;（２）ＯＸ－ＨＤＬ使ＳＭＣｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１基因表达显著增强（Ｐ＜０．０１）,其表达量随时间（２、１２、２４ ｈ）延长而增加．上述结果表明,ＯＸ－ＨＤＬ的致ＡＳ作用可能与其刺激ＳＭＣｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１基因表达增加有关．     

书评

书评ＢＯＯＫＲＥＶＩＥＷＳ￥／／Ｓ．Ｃ．Ｔｅｎｇ：ＦＵＮＧＩＯＦＣＨＩＮＡ．ＥｄｉｔｅｄｂｙＲｉｃｈａｒｄＰ．Ｋｏｒｆ．Ｆｉｒｓｔｅｄｉｔｉｏｎ，１９９６．ＩＳＢＮ０－９３０８４５－０５－６．Ｍｙｃｏｔａｘｏｎ，Ｌｔｄ．Ｐ．Ｏ．Ｂｏｘ２６４．Ｉｔｈａ...     

细菌L型感染荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织中癌基因蛋白的表达

本文探讨了金葡菌Ｌ型和结核菌Ｌ型感染荷瘤小鼠癌基因Ｐ２１、Ｐ５３及Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２产物的表达。结果发现感染小鼠上述癌基因产物水平较对照组小鼠明显升高（０．０１＜Ｐ＜０．０５）;实验组ＰＣＮＡ阳性细胞指数高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）;荷瘤感染小鼠存活期缩短,自发性肿瘤增多（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示细菌Ｌ型感染与肿瘤的发生、发展有关。     

巴戟天根的结构及其与蒽醌类化合物积累的关系

应用石蜡切片法、荧光显微镜和紫外分光光度法,对不同年生巴戟天根组织结构的变化进行了观察、对蒽醌类化合物在根中的分布场所及其积累动态进行了研究。结果表明:巴戟天根的结构类似一般多年生草本植物,薄壁细胞是巴戟天根中蒽醌类化合物的分布储存场所,蒽醌类化合物含量随着根生长年限的增加而增加。由以上研究总结出巴戟天以四年或四年以上采收为好,并以根皮厚、木心细者为上品。     

Chlorophyll isolation,structure and function: major landmarks of the early history of research in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union

This paper covers major events of the early history of chlorophyll research in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union from 1771 until 1952, when the modern period of studies on photosynthesis began in full swing. Short biographical sketches of key scientists, reviews of their major research contributions and some selected photographs are included. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Protein intake regulation in the weanling rat: Effects of additions of lysine,arginine and ammonia on the selection of gluten and energy

The effects of adding lysine, arginine and ammonia to gluten on the self-selection of protein and energy by the weanling rat simultaneously offered a choice of two diets differing only in gluten concentration (15 and 55%) were tested. Previous studies have shown that while lysine (6 g/100 g) additions to gluten decreased the amount of gluten selected by the rat from 40 to 20 g per 100 g of food eaten, selection was not related to the nutritional quality of the gluten. When graded levels of arginine (1.8, 3.6 or 7.2 g/100 g) were added to the gluten with or without lysine (0 or 6 g/100 g) the dietary protein selection was unaffected. The addition of ammonia (1.4 g/100 g as NH₄Cl) to gluten had initially the same effect as lysine (6 g/100 g) but with time protein intake returned to control levels. This effect of ammonia was unaltered by arginine additions. It is concluded that the mechanisms which lead to decreases in gluten selection caused by lysine or ammonia are not similar, and that the effects of lysine on gluten selection are not caused by an increased arginine requirement for urea cycle activity.     

刺叶柄棘豆的一个新变型--白花刺叶柄棘豆

描述了棘豆属(豆科)刺叶柄棘豆(Oxytropis acipblla Ledeb．)的一个新变型：白花刺叶柄棘豆O．aciphylla Ledeb．f．albiflora Z．Y．Chang,Z．H．Wu et L．R．Xu。原变型的花冠为红紫色或蓝紫色,而新变型的花冠为白色。     

自分泌生长因子对早期胚胎体外发育的影响(简报)

生长因子(Growth Factors,GFs)对于调节哺乳动物胚胎的早期发育和分化起着重要作用,这些GFs存在于雌性生殖道,也可由胚胎自身合成。正是由于这种自分泌GFs的存在,使我们可以通过改变胚胎培养密度或添加外源性GFs来定性或定量研究GFs对胚胎发育和分化的影响,对于了解GFs在分子水平上的作用途径和机制有着重要的意义。     

A New Family of Entodiniomorph Protozoa from the Marsupial Forestomach, with Descriptions of a New Genus and Five New Species

ABSTRACT. A unique group of entodiniomorph protozoa was found in forestomach contents from quokka ( Setonix brachyurus ), western grey kangaroo ( Macropus fuliginosus ), red kangaroo ( Macropus rufus ) and euro ( Macropus robustus erubescens ). A new genus, Macropodinium n.g., containing five new species, is described. Three species are described from forestomach contents of the quokka: Macropodinium baldense n. sp., Macropodinium moiri n. sp. and Macropodinium setonixum n. sp. A single species, Macropodinium ennuensis n. sp., is described from the red kangaroo and euro. The last species, Macropodinium yalanbense n. sp., is described in forestomach contents from the western grey kangaroo. At least three distinct features in the new genus are incompatible with any of the described families in the order Entodiniomorphida. On this basis, the new family Macropodiniidae has been created.     

河南玉兰属两新变种

发表河南玉兰属两新变种,即：①狭被望春玉兰(Yulania biondii (Pamp.) D. L. Fu var. angustitepala D. L. Fu, T. B. Zhao et D. W. Zhao,var. nov.);②椭圆叶罗田玉兰(Y. pilocarpa (Z. Z. Zhao et Z. W. Xie) D. L. Fu var. ellipticifolia D. L. Fu, T. B. Zhao et J. Zhao,var. nov.)。