SeMNPV组织蛋白酶基因的克隆表达及其对病毒杀虫的影响

对甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒(SeMNPV)的组织蛋白酶(v-cath)基因进行了克隆,序列分析及原核表达.此基因编码区长1014bp,预计编码一个338个氨基酸的蛋白产物,其蛋白的大小约42kD.序列分析表明,SeMNPV的V-CATH与其它杆状病毒的同源蛋白具有相似的保守结构,保留有相同的酶活性位点.根据几种已知的杆状病毒组织蛋白酶序列构建进化树,发现SeMNPV的V-CATH位于NPV组中一个单独的分支,它可能拥有特殊的进化历程.使用1.2μL的表达组织蛋白酶菌液和SeNPV共感染3龄末甜菜夜蛾幼虫,幼虫病毒致死率提高9.21%,病毒致死时间提前12 h,原核表达的组织蛋白酶对病毒杀虫速度有一定的影响.     

棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒组织蛋白酶基因的序列分析和进化研究

对棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒(HaSNPV)的组织蛋白酶(ν-cath)基因进行了序列分析,此基因编码区长1098bp,预计编码一个366个氨基酸的蛋白产物.序列分析表明,HaSNPV的V-CATH蛋白与其它杆状病毒的同源蛋白具有相似的保守结构并保留有相同的酶活性位点,根据已知的杆状病毒组织蛋白酶序列构建了ν-cath基因的进化树,发现HaSNPV的ν-cath位于NPV组中一个单独的分枝,结合ν-cath基因在棉铃虫病毒基因组中的位置与其它NPV有较大不同,推测HaSNPV的ν-cath基因可能拥有特殊的进化历程.     

甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒泛素基因的克隆及原核表达

甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒(Spotoptera exigua multi-nucleopolyhedrovirus,SeMNPV)泛素基因ubiquitin被克隆和序列分析,该基因编码区全长243bp,编码80个氨基酸残基,预计蛋白质分子量为9.4kDa.将这一ubiquitin基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a上,转化至BL21(DE3)中,用IPTG进行诱导表达,对表达的条件进行了优化.用异源的泛素单克隆抗体检测目的蛋白,Western blot实验证明所表达的蛋白是泛素蛋白.同时,我们制备了特异性的抗体,为以后的研究工作做了基础.通过计算机软件Gendoc对不同来源的泛素进行分析,结果显示,病毒中的泛素与真核细胞中的泛素相比较,泛素的氨基酸序列有较大的变化,杆状病毒的泛素基因在分子进化上可能有比较独特的途径.     

甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒泛素基因的克隆及原核表达

甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒（Spotoptera exigua multi-nucleopolyhedrovirus,SeMNPV)泛素基因ubiquitin被克隆和序列分析,该基因编码区全长243bp,编码80个氨基酸残基,预计蛋白质分子量为9.4kDa。将这一ubiquitin基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a上,转化至BL21（DE3）中,用IPTG进行诱导表达,对表达的条件进行优化,用异源的泛素单克隆抗体检测目的蛋白,Western blot 实验证明所表达的蛋白是泛素蛋白。同时,我们制备了特异性的抗体,为以后的研究工作做了基础,通过计算机软件Gendoc对不同来源的泛素进行分析,结果显示,病毒中的泛素与真核细胞中的泛素相比较,泛素的氨基酸序列有较大的变化,杆状病毒的深入素基因在分子进化上可能有比较独特的途径。     

草地贪夜蛾组织蛋白酶L的基因克隆、原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

【目的】克隆草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的组织蛋白酶L(cathepsin L,CatL)基因,分析该基因的序列特征并制备该酶多克隆抗体,为探析其生理功能奠定基础。【方法】根据甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua的组织蛋白酶L基因开放阅读框(ORF)序列两端直接设计引物克隆草地贪夜蛾组织蛋白酶L基因。利用生物信息学软件分析该基因的序列特征,利用ClustalX2软件进行同源比对和进化分析,利用同源建模预测该酶三维结构。通过原核表达重组蛋白,多次免疫新西兰大白兔制备该酶多克隆抗体。【结果】克隆获得了草地贪夜蛾的组织蛋白酶L基因SfCatL(GenBank登录号:HQ110065),ORF序列长1 035 bp,编码344个氨基酸,预测N-末端含有长度为16个氨基酸残基的信号肽序列,去除信号肽序列后,预测成熟蛋白分子量为36.8 kD,等电点为6.69。SfCatL氨基酸序列与其他13个物种的组织蛋白酶L氨基酸序列比较有53.7%~96.8%的一致性,与甜菜夜蛾组织蛋白酶L氨基酸序列一致性最高,达96.8%。同源建模预测表明,SfCatL折叠成紧密而稳定的元宝状结构,含3个对结构有稳定作用的二硫键,亲水性氨基酸主要包被在蛋白的表面。原核表达、纯化SfCatL蛋白制备抗血清,其效价超过1∶40 000,Western blot鉴定结果表明抗血清与草地贪夜蛾Sf9细胞SfCatL蛋白能够特异性结合。【结论】获得了草地贪夜蛾SfCatL完整ORF序列,分析了其特征,经原核表达、纯化获得高纯度的融合蛋白,成功获得多克隆抗体。本研究为进一步研究该基因的功能并开发组织蛋白酶抑制剂类杀虫剂提供理论依据。     

与宿主昆虫液化相关的杆状病毒基因及其蛋白

昆虫被杆状病毒感染后会发生液化现象,这有利于病毒向周围环境扩散。目前在杆状病毒苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒NPV和GV中,发现与昆虫宿主液化相关的基因有组织蛋白酶基因V-cath基因和几丁质酶基因。V-cath基因表达产物在苜蓿银纹夜蛾多角体病毒(AcMNPV)中能特异性降解昆虫细胞内的肌动蛋白。几丁质酶不仅参与了虫体体表面几丁质的降解,同时还参与V-CATH蛋白前体的加工过程,起分子伴侣的作用。对家蚕核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)的研究表明其FP25K基因表达产物通过影响组织蛋白酶的释放与分泌而参与虫体液化。简要综述了此3种基因及其表达产物的结构、功能与特性,并讨论了它们在生产上的应用前景。     

甜菜夜蛾泛素延伸蛋白基因cDNA的3′RACE-PCR扩增及其克隆和表达

根据已知的草地夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的泛素延伸基因 5'端核苷酸序列设计引物,应用3'RACE-PCR技术,从甜菜夜蛾S. exigua脂肪体组织总RNA中反转录扩增泛素基因的cDNA片段。扩增得到的片段全长513 bp,3'末端有123 bp的非翻译区,翻译区编码一个长为129个氨基酸残基的蛋白质,预测分子量为14.8 kD。同源分析表明,此cDNA序列为ubiquitin-53aa extension protein(ubi-53) 基因,在泛素蛋白后融合了一个核糖体L40蛋白（ribosomal L40 protein）。用MagAlign和Genedoc软件对cDNA编码的氨基酸序列进行了同源性分析,结果表明： 甜菜夜蛾的ubi-53基因与真核生物家蚕Bombyx mori、草地夜蛾、果蝇Drosophila melanogaster和人Homo sapienes泛素的同源性分别为96.9%、98.5%、95.3%和93.0%,与甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒(SeNPV)泛素的同源性为78.8%,说明真核生物的泛素基因与核型多角体病毒的泛素基因可能存在不同的分子进化途径。将甜菜夜蛾的ubI-53基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a上,转化至BL21（DE3）中,用IPTG进行诱导表达,用异源泛素单克隆抗体进行Western blot检测,证明原核表达蛋白是目的蛋白。     

不同营养条件下甜菜夜蛾幼虫感染核型多角体病毒的敏感性及取食趋性

为探讨不同营养条件下甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua对甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus,SeMNPV)的敏感性及取食行为响应,本研究通过改变甜菜夜蛾人工饲料配方建立高蛋白低糖(简称高蛋白)、中蛋白中糖(简称中蛋白)、低蛋白高糖(简称低蛋白)3种营养品系,观察不同营养品系幼虫对SeMNPV的敏感性,以及染毒前后对不同营养饲料的取食趋性.结果 显示,高蛋白、中蛋白、低蛋白3种营养品系中,SeMNPV对甜菜夜蛾初孵幼虫的半数致死浓度(LC50)分别是1.76×105 PIB/mL、2.85×105 PIB/mL和2.10×104 PIB/mL.统计分析显示,中蛋白品系的LC50显著高于低蛋白品系,高蛋白品系的LC50同其余两种品系相比无显著性差异.以8×105 PIB/mL浓度的病毒饲喂甜菜夜蛾初孵幼虫,3种营养品系的半数致死时间(LT50)分别是6.07 d、6.85 d和5.20 d,中蛋白品系的存活时间显著长于低蛋白品系,高蛋白品系的LT50同其余两种品系相比无显著性差异.未染毒状态下,低龄幼虫偏向蛋白质含量较高的饲料,而高龄幼虫则偏向于高糖的饲料;染毒状态下,甜菜夜蛾各龄期幼虫都偏向于取食蛋白质含量较高的饲料.以上研究结果表明,营养条件的变化可以显著影响甜菜夜蛾幼虫对SeMNPV的敏感性,染毒后幼虫明显偏向于蛋白质含量高的饲料,推测蛋白质可能有助于提高甜菜夜蛾幼虫对SeMNPV的抵抗力.     

棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒(HaSNPV)Hind Ⅲ-L片段的序列分析

本文报道了棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒(Helicoverpa armigera single-nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus,HaSNPV)基因组的HindⅢ-L片段的全序列.该片段全长2 635bp,包括5个有意义的开放阅读框HaSNPV ORF227,晚期表达因子10基因(lef10),vp1054基因,Ac55(AcMNPV ORF55的同源基因),Ac56(AcMNPV ORF56的同源基因).与其它6种杆状病毒的氨基酸序列比较表明,HaSNPV的lef10基因与甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒(SeMNPV)的同源性最高,为64%,与冷杉毒蛾核型多角体病毒(OpMNPV)的同源性最低,为43%;HaSNPV的vp1054基因与SeMNPV的同源性最高,为65%,与OpMNPV的同源性最低,为49%.序列比较表明,HaSNPV的LEF10与VP1054蛋白与其它6种杆状病毒具有相同的保守区和亮氨酸拉链(1eucine zipper)     

棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒(HaSNPV)Hind III-L片段的序列分析

本文报道了棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒 (Helicoverpaarmigerasingle nucleocapsidnucleopolyhedrovirus,HaSNPV)基因组的HindIII L片段的全序列。该片段全长 2 6 35bp ,包括 5个有意义的开放阅读框 :HaSNPVORF2 2 7,晚期表达因子 10基因 (lef10 ) ,vp10 5 4基因 ,Ac5 5 (AcMNPVORF5 5的同源基因 ) ,Ac5 6 (AcMNPVORF5 6的同源基因 )。与其它 6种杆状病毒的氨基酸序列比较表明 ,HaSNPV的lef10基因与甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒 (SeMNPV)的同源性最高 ,为6 4 % ,与冷杉毒蛾核型多角体病毒 (OpMNPV)的同源性最低 ,为 4 3% ;HaSNPV的vp10 5 4基因与SeMNPV的同源性最高 ,为 6 5 % ,与OpMNPV的同源性最低 ,为 4 9%。序列比较表明 ,HaSNPV的LEF10与VP10 5 4蛋白与其它 6种杆状病毒具有相同的保守区和亮氨酸拉链 (leucinezipper)     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of hydrazone derivatives of 4-[3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid and 4-[3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid

Microbial resistance to antibiotics is an unresolved global concern, which needs urgent and coordinated action. One of the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) to combat antibiotic resistance is the development of new antibiotics to treat drug-resistant bacteria. In our effort to find new antibiotics, we report the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of 30 new pyrazole derivatives. These novel molecules have been synthesized by using readily available starting materials and benign reaction conditions. Some of these molecules have shown activity with MIC values as low as 0.78?µg/mL against four bacterial strains; Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Furthermore, active molecules are non-toxic to mammalian cell line.

     

Novel compounds with potent CDK9 inhibitory activity for the treatment of myeloma

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and Polo-like kinases (PLKs) play key role in the regulation of the cell cycle. The aim of our study was originally the further development of our recently discovered polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitors. A series of new 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized around the original hit, but their PLK1 inhibitory activity was very poor. However the novel compounds showed nanomolar CDK9 inhibitory activity and very good antiproliferative effect on multiple myeloma cell lines (RPMI-8226).