人Pokemon蛋白锌指结构域的表达与纯化

旨在原核表达Pokemon基因的锌指结构域,纯化获得GST-Zinc finger的融合蛋白。以人胶质瘤T98G细胞的c DNA为模板,利用PCR扩增带有Bam H I和Sal I酶切位点的人Pokemon基因的锌指结构域,然后将其克隆到p GEX-4T-1原核表达载体中。将正确的重组载体转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导表达,再利用Magne GST particles亲和纯化Zinc finger融合蛋白,最后通过Western blot鉴定此融合蛋白。结果显示,成功构建p GEX-4T-1-Zinc finger原核表达载体;30℃条件下,0.2 mmol/L的IPTG能诱导出大量的可溶性GST-Zinc finger蛋白;经Magne GST particles纯化的GST-Zinc finger蛋白可被识别Pokemon锌指结构域的抗体特异识别。纯化的GST-Zinc finger蛋白可用于后续的生物学研究。     

转录因子LRF蛋白POZ结构域的表达与纯化

[目的]旨在原核表达转录因子LRF的POZ结构域,纯化获得GST-POZ融合蛋白。[方法]以SD大鼠海马组织c DNA为模板,利用PCR扩增带有EcoRⅠ和XhoⅠ酶切位点的LRF基因的POZ结构域,并将其插入到原核表达载体p GEX-4T-1中,将构建成功的p GEX-4T-1-POZ原核表达质粒转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导融合蛋白表达,再利用MagneGST particles亲和纯化GST-POZ融合蛋白,最后通过Western Blot鉴定融合蛋白。[结果]p GEX-4T-1-POZ原核表达质粒构建成功;在37℃条件下,浓度为0. 2 mmol/L的IPTG诱导7 h能够使重组蛋白大量表达,经MagneGST particles纯化后的GST-POZ重组蛋白能够被识别LRF的抗体特异性识别。[结论]纯化后的GST–POZ重组蛋白能够用于后续的生物学研究。     

拟南芥SHORT-ROOT基因稀有密码子分析及其在原核细胞中的表达和纯化

目的:在大肠杆菌中重组表达拟南芥SHORT-ROOT(SHR)蛋白并纯化。方法:将SHR基因编码区克隆至p GEX-4T-2表达载体,构建重组质粒p GEX-4T-2-SHR并转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3),表达产物经谷胱甘肽亲和层析凝胶4B分离纯化,SDS-PAGE分析和Western印迹鉴定。结果:SHR融合蛋白在大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)中获得表达,亲和纯化后,SDS-PAGE显示相对分子质量为预期的86×103,且经Western印迹确证。结论:获得了拟南芥SHR融合蛋白,为进一步研究其生物学功能奠定了基础。     

大肠杆菌ybfE基因的三种原核质粒表达水平的对比及蛋白纯化

[目的]构建大肠杆菌功能未知基因ybf E的pET16b、pET32a和p GEX-4T-1三种原核表达系统,通过对比表达水平筛选出最优表达体系,并纯化表达的可溶性Ybf E融合蛋白。[方法]使用pET16b、pET32a和p GEX-4T-1表达质粒构建pET16b-ybf E、pET32a-ybf E和p GEX-4T-1-ybf E原核表达载体,分别转化大肠杆菌BL21,IPTG诱导表达Ybf E融合蛋白,对三种表达系统的表达水平进行对比,并对pET16b-ybf E和pGEX-4T-1-ybf E表达体系的裂菌上清中的可溶性Ybf E融合蛋白液分别使用镍柱和GST蛋白纯化柱纯化。[结果]构建了pET16b-ybf E、pET32a-ybf E和p GEX-4T-1-ybf E原核表达体系,并使用IPTG诱导表达Ybf E融合蛋白。ybf E在p GEX-4T-1载体内的表达水平最高,接下来依次为pET16b和pET32a。pET16b-ybf E和p GEX-4T-1-ybf E表达的可溶性Ybf E融合蛋白纯化后浓度分别为86μg/m L和724μg/m L。[结论]成功构建了ybf E基因的三种原核表达系统,筛选出最佳表达体系,可溶性Ybf E融合蛋白得到纯化。     

大肠杆菌ybfE基因的三种原核质粒表达水平的对比及蛋白纯化北大核心

[目的]构建大肠杆菌功能未知基因ybf E的pET16b、pET32a和p GEX-4T-1三种原核表达系统,通过对比表达水平筛选出最优表达体系,并纯化表达的可溶性Ybf E融合蛋白。[方法]使用pET16b、pET32a和p GEX-4T-1表达质粒构建pET16b-ybf E、pET32a-ybf E和p GEX-4T-1-ybf E原核表达载体,分别转化大肠杆菌BL21,IPTG诱导表达Ybf E融合蛋白,对三种表达系统的表达水平进行对比,并对pET16b-ybf E和pGEX-4T-1-ybf E表达体系的裂菌上清中的可溶性Ybf E融合蛋白液分别使用镍柱和GST蛋白纯化柱纯化。[结果]构建了pET16b-ybf E、pET32a-ybf E和p GEX-4T-1-ybf E原核表达体系,并使用IPTG诱导表达Ybf E融合蛋白。ybf E在p GEX-4T-1载体内的表达水平最高,接下来依次为pET16b和pET32a。pET16b-ybf E和p GEX-4T-1-ybf E表达的可溶性Ybf E融合蛋白纯化后浓度分别为86μg/m L和724μg/m L。[结论]成功构建了ybf E基因的三种原核表达系统,筛选出最佳表达体系,可溶性Ybf E融合蛋白得到纯化。     

人Polo样激酶1活性缺失突变体和结构域在293细胞中的瞬时表达

目的:构建人Polo样激酶1(Plk1)活性缺失突变体及结构域突变体的真核表达载体,并在293细胞中表达。方法:用二次PCR方法扩增Plk1基因并点突变,将82位赖氨酸突变为精氨酸,定向克隆到pcDNA3-Flag载体中;用普通PCR方法扩增Plk1激酶区域及Polo盒区域(PBD)基因,定向克隆到pcDNA3-Flag载体中;将上述质粒转染293细胞进行瞬时表达,Western印迹检测Plk1蛋白的表达。结果:构建了Flag-Plk1(K82R)、Flag-Plk1KD、Flag-Plk1PBD真核表达质粒,在293细胞中均可有效表达,蛋白相对分子质量分别为68×103、45×103、31×103。结论:在293细胞中表达了Flag-Plk1(K82R)、Flag-Plk1KD、Flag-Plk1PBD蛋白,有助于进一步探究Plk1对底物的功能。     

LSECtin-CRD-GST融合蛋白的原核表达、纯化及复性

目的:构建C型凝集素LSECtin主要功能结构域CRD的原核表达载体,在大肠杆菌中表达LSECtin-CRD-GST融合蛋白。方法:根据Gen Bank发布的LSECtin基因序列设计引物,利用基因重组技术将获得的LSECtin-CRDc DNA定向克隆至C端带GST蛋白标签序列的融合表达载体p GEX-6p-1中,转化大肠杆菌Origami(DE3)进行重组蛋白的诱导表达,用GST柱亲和纯化融合蛋白。结果:获得了原核表达载体p GEX-6p-1-LSECtin-CRD,诱导表达出大量相对分子质量约40×103的包涵体融合蛋白,经纯化、复性获得可溶蛋白,经Western印迹鉴定为目的蛋白。结论:获得足量的LSECtin-CRD-GST融合蛋白,为进一步研究CRD蛋白结构域的动态构象变化提供了实验材料。     

铜绿假单胞菌LasR蛋白的表达及抗血清制备

目的将铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,PA)中的调控蛋白LasR在原核系统中进行表达,制备LasR抗血清,为PA中las调控系统的研究奠定基础。方法以PA模式菌株PAO1全基因组为模板,PCR扩增lasR基因,PCR产物用Bam HI/EcoRI双酶切连接至p GEX-4T-1载体,获得重组表达载体p GEX-4T-1-lasR;PCR产物经Nco I/Xho I双酶切连接至p ET28a载体,获得重组表达载体p ET28a-lasR。将重组表达载体分别转化至大肠杆菌感受态细胞BL21中,分别以异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside,IPTG)诱导表达GST-LasR和His-LasR蛋白,通过GST或Ni~(2+)亲和层析纯化重组蛋白。将纯化后的His-LasR蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔,制备LasR抗血清;纯化后的GST-LasR蛋白用于LasR抗血清ELISA效价的检测。结果 lasR基因序列大小为717 bp;成功构建p GEX-4T-1-lasR和p ET28a-lasR表达载体。构建的工程菌能够有效表达目的蛋白His-LasR和GST-LasR,蛋白纯度大于95%;LasR抗血清的效价为1∶60 000。结论在原核系统中成功表达了可溶性LasR重组蛋白,并获得高效价的LasR抗血清,为PA中las调控系统的研究奠定了基础。     

基于GST-pull down的小G蛋白Rac1活性检测体系的建立

目的:根据人PAK1基因的p21结合结构域(PBD)能够特异结合GTP-Rac1的特性,构建GST-PBD原核表达质粒,并利用GST-pull down方法检测真核细胞内小G蛋白Rac1的活性。方法:将人PAK1基因的PBD结构域克隆到pGEX原核表达载体上,经诱导纯化得到GST-PBD融合蛋白,并通过GST-pull down实验评估该方法的特异性和准确性。结果:pGEX-PBD质粒构建成功;纯化得到的GST-PBD融合蛋白能够特异性地与激活形式的Rac1(GTP-Rac1)结合,并且能够准确反映血小板衍生生长因子刺激下细胞内Rac1的激活过程。结论:GST-PBD融合蛋白及其整套GST-pull down检测体系能方便有效地检测细胞内Rac1的活性。     

基于GST-pull down的小G蛋白Racl活性检测体系的建立

目的:根据人PA KI基因的p21结合结构域(PBD)能够特异结合GTP-Rac 1的特性,构建GST-PBD原核表达质粒,并利用CST-pull down方法检测真核细胞内小G蛋白RacI的活性.方法:将人PAK1基因的PBD结构域克隆到pGEX原核表达载体上,经诱导纯化得到GST-PBD融合蛋白,并通过GST-pull down实验评枯该方法的特异性和准确性.结果:pGEX-PBD质粒构建成功;纯化得到的GST-PBD融合蛋白能够特异性地与激活形式的Rac1(GTP-Rac1)结合,并且能够准确反映血小板衍生生长因子刺激下细胞内Rac1的激活过程.结论:GST-PBD融合蛋白及其整套CST-pull down检测体系能方便有效地检测细胞内Rael的活性.     

壳聚糖酶的克隆表达与壳寡糖的制备分析

目的:克隆壳聚糖酶基因于大肠杆菌中实现高表达,制备壳寡糖。方法:以枯草芽孢杆菌总DNA为模板扩增壳聚糖酶基因(CSN),克隆至载体pET23a(+)上,转化菌株BL21(DE3)。重组子经0.5 mmol/L IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE和质谱检测与鉴定重组酶。酶纯化后水解壳聚糖,薄层色谱分析其水解产物。结果:质谱证明壳聚糖酶(31.5kDa)成功表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白的45%左右。纯化后重组酶浓度为900 mg/L,纯度95%、回收率85%,酶活力为10 000 U/mg。壳聚糖降解产物为壳二糖至壳四糖。结论:原核表达载体pET23a(+)-CSN构建正确,壳聚糖酶表达量与活性高,适用于水解壳聚糖制备壳寡糖。     

国内外蝗害治理技术现状与展望

本文首先概述了国内外蝗虫发生与为害的态势,总结了现阶段我国蝗虫发生与为害的主要特点:即农田飞蝗暴发频繁而且严重,草原土蝗的发生时常造成严重的经济损失,而且侵入城市干扰市民生活,我国与周边国家之间蝗虫过境迁移频繁,使用化学农药污染环境和农产品;分析了国内外蝗虫防治对策与技术的发展现状,重点介绍了应急防治和可持续治理对策、...     

颧骨颧弓骨折的分类及诊治

颧骨颧弓骨折是最常见的面中部骨折之一,迄今为止,在其分类及诊治的选择上仍然存在一定争议,本文对目前颧骨颧弓骨折的分类及诊治的现状和进展作一综述,以期对临床工作提供参考。     

Molecular characterisation of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia and assessment of zoonotic transmission

The molecular characterisation of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia is essential for accurately identifying organisms and assessing zoonotic transmission. Results of recent molecular epidemiological studies strongly suggest that zoonotic transmission plays an important role in cryptosporidiosis epidemiology. In such cases the most prevalent zoonotic species is Cryptosporidium parvum. Genotyping and subtyping data suggest that zoonotic transmission is not as prevalent in the epidemiology of giardiasis. Molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium and Giardia is a relatively recent application that is evolving as new genes are found that increase the accuracy of identification while discovering a greater diversity of species and yet unnamed taxa within these two important genera. As molecular data accumulate, our understanding of the role of zoonotic transmission in epidemiology and clinical manifestations is becoming clearer.     

Synthesis and turnover of cerebrosides and phosphatidylserine of myelin and microsomal fractions of adult and developing rat brain.

The synthesis and turnover of cerebrosides and phospholipids was followed in microsomal and myelin fractions of developing and adult rat brains after an intracerebral injection of [U-14C]serine. The kinetics of incorporation of radioactivity into microsomal and myelin cerebrosides indicate the possibility of a precursor-product relationship between cerebrosides of these membranes. The specific radioactivity of myelin cerebrosides was corrected for the deposition of newly formed cerebrosides in myelin. Multiphasic curves were obtained for the decline in specific radioactivity of myelin and microsomal cerebrosides, suggesting different cerebroside pools in these membranes. The half-life of the fast turning-over pool of cerebrosides of myelin was 7 and 22 days for the developing and adult rat brain respectively. The half-life of the slowly turning-over pool of myelin cerebrosides was about 145 days for both groups of animals. The half-life of the rapidly turning-over microsomal cerebrosides was calculated to be 20 and 40 h for the developing and adult animals respectively. The half-life of the intermediate and slowly turning-over microsomal cerebrosides was 11 and 60 days respectively, for both groups of animals. The amount of incorporation of radioactivity into microsomal cerebrosides from L-serine was greatly decreased in the adult animals, and greater amounts of the precursor were directed towards the synthesis of phosphatidylserine. In the developing animals, considerable amounts of cerebrosides were synthesized from L-serine, besides phosphatidylserine. The time-course of incorporation indicated that a precursor-product relationship exists between microsomal and myelin phosphatidylserine. The half-life of microsomal phosphatidylserine was calculated to be about 8 h for the fast turning-over pool in both groups of animals.     

Identification and composition of the tonsillar and anal enterococcal and streptococcal flora of dogs and cats

Enterococcus faecalis was the most frequently isolated enterococcal species from anal swabs and tonsils of dogs and cats, although in the anal samples from dogs Ent. hirae was found almost as often as Ent. faecalis. Most Ent.faecium strains from dog tonsils differed from those associated with humans and other animals in that they fermented sorbitol. Typical Ent. avium as well as atypical Ent. avium -like strains were seen in dogs, while the related species Ent. raffinosus was associated with cat tonsils. Enterococcus cecorum also occurred mainly in cats. Certain atypical strains, presumptively identified as Ent. cecorum , shared characteristics with Ent. columbae.
The most frequent streptococcal species in tonsils of cats and dogs were Streptococcus suis and Strep. canis. Streptococcus canis and Strep. bovis predominated in anal swabs. The canine Strep. suis differed from the common porcine strains in fermenting mannitol.
Forty-seven of the 288 isolates examined could not be identified or related to known species. The characteristics of two groups of these bacteria, provisionally called 'Ton 31 group' and 'O7 group' are described.