抗人OX40单克隆抗体的制备和初步鉴定

目的:获得全人源抗人OX40特异性抗体候选株,为相关药物开发奠定基础。方法:依托本实验室构建的大容量全合成全人源噬菌体单链抗体库平台,以OX40为抗原进行固相筛选,经过3轮条件渐进严苛的筛选后,阳性克隆得到富集;将其中富集效果最好的一株单链抗体scFv-1改造成全抗体(Ig G1)形式,改造成功的重组质粒按照一定比例转染HEK293-F细胞进行抗体的瞬时表达;基于AKTA系统对全抗体进行纯化,将纯化得到的全抗体重命名为OX40mab-1。通过ELISA、间接免疫荧光、流式细胞术等试验分别验证OX40mab-1与抗原的结合活性、特异性、血清稳定性;通过BIAcore 3000初步测定抗体亲和力。结果:3轮筛选后得到1株富集率达95%的单链抗体,改造成全抗体形式后,与抗原OX40的结合EC50为0.015μmol/L;该抗体与其他无关抗原均不结合,特异性良好;37℃血清放置15 d后,与抗原依具有较好的结合活性,血清稳定性良好;经BIAcore 3000初步测定该抗体亲和力为251 nmol/L。结论:获得1株理化性质良好、特异性较好的抗OX40全人源单克隆抗体OX40mab-1,具有继续开发价值。     

N-糖链切除对重组抗狂犬病毒单克隆抗体中和活性的影响

重组抗狂犬病毒单克隆抗体是一种全人源的抗病毒感染单抗,主要用于狂犬病毒暴露后预防。采用糖苷酶处理2种重组抗狂犬病毒单克隆抗体Mab1、Mab2水解切除N-糖链,通过糖染色和毛细管电泳检测确定N-糖链酶解程度,利用快速荧光灶抑制试验检测其中和活性,分析N-糖链切除对该单抗中和活性的影响。结果显示,N-糖链切除后抗体中和活性无明显变化。说明N-糖链对这两株抗狂犬病毒单抗的体外中和活性不是必须的结构成分。     

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)31型中和单克隆抗体的制备及性质鉴定

目的:构建获得HPV31构象依赖的中和单抗。方法:采用昆虫细胞表达的HPV31 L1VLP(virus-like particle, VLP)免疫BALB/c小鼠,取免疫鼠脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,收集杂交瘤细胞培养上清,首先采用HPV31 VLP-ELISA及HPV31假病毒中和实验筛选分泌HPV31中和单抗的杂交瘤细胞株,然后纯化单克隆抗体,分别采用假病毒中和实验及ELISA实验对纯化后单克隆抗体进行鉴定,包括抗体的亚型及其结合表位的构象特征、针对HPV31的中和IC50及针对HPV16、HPV18、HPV33、HPV45、HPV52、HPV58、HPV6、HPV11的交叉中和活性。结果:筛选获得9株HPV31构象依赖中和单抗,其中3株HPV31特异性中和单抗中有2株的IC5010 ng/mL,分别是XM31-13(0.36,Ig G1)及XM31-23(7.10,Ig G1),6株交叉中和单抗中亦有2株的IC5010ng/mL,分别是XM31-19(7.14,Ig G1)、XM31-20(6.91,Ig G1)。结论:获得的9株HPV31构象依赖的中和单抗,特别是其中4株单抗IC50值10 ng/mL的4株单抗,可用于含HPV31L1VLP多价疫苗的质控疫苗的研究。     

人突触囊泡蛋白2C单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

目的:制备人突触囊泡蛋白2C(SV2C)单克隆抗体。方法:纯化SV2C/L4蛋白,免疫BALB/c小鼠并制备杂交瘤细胞,筛选针对SV2C/L4的特异性抗体,鉴定亚型及测定效价;选取效价最高的抗体进行大量制备,并经SDSPAGE、Western印迹、间接ELISA和动物实验对抗体纯度、特异性、亲和力及中和活性进行检测。结果:得到纯度大于95%的SV2C/L4蛋白,经2轮筛选共获得13株鼠单抗,抗体重链大多为IgG1、IgG2a型,轻链均为κ型;选取效价最高的30号抗体进行大量制备,纯化后抗体的纯度大于99%,亲和力为6.7 nmol/L,中和活性为100 LD50/mg。结论:筛得1株高亲和力、具有中和活性的特异性SV2C鼠单抗,为肉毒中毒的治疗提供了新的选择,也为阐明Bo NT/A受体间的关系奠定了基础。     

抗H5亚型禽流感病毒单链抗体在毕赤酵母中的分泌型表达和生物活性分析

在本实验室研制出的多株针对H5N1亚型禽流感血凝素单抗中,13D4单抗对所有H5亚型病毒均有血凝抑制和中和活性,具有特异性高、反应性强和识别广的特点,且在小鼠实验中显示了对各种代表株禽流感的感染和发病均具有良好的治疗效果。在此研究基础上,本实验通过基因工程构建含有13D4单链抗体(scFv)基因的毕赤酵母表达载体,实现目的蛋白的分泌性表达和纯化。经过竞争法和血凝抑制检测其活性,表明获得的单链抗体具有与原始鼠源抗体相近的反应活性和相同的识别表位。H5N1广谱中和单抗13D4的单链抗体的成功构建,为进一步研制针对H5N1禽流感病毒的治疗性抗体奠定了基础。     

人源抗狂犬病毒中和性全抗体在昆虫细胞中的表达

将来源于噬菌体抗体库的人源狂犬病毒糖蛋白特异性单抗G10Fab的基因 ,克隆入杆状病毒人源IgG抗体表达载体 ,通过转染将重组质粒导入昆虫细胞 ,以全抗体的形式表达了一株人源抗狂犬病毒基因工程抗体G10。用亲和层析的方法纯化了表达产物 ,经与一株鼠源糖蛋白特异性单抗竞争证实 ,该单克隆抗体特异性识别狂犬病毒糖蛋白 ,亲和力约为 10 -9M。体外中和实验证明 ,该单抗对狂犬病毒aG株具有体外中和活性     

人源抗狂犬病毒中和性全抗体在昆明细胞中的表达

将来源于噬菌体抗体库的人源狂犬病毒糖蛋白特性异特单抗G10Fab基因的,克隆入杆状病毒人源IgG抗体表达载体,通过转染将重组质粒导入昆虫细胞,以全抗体的形式表达了一株人源抗狂犬病毒基因工程抗体R10。用亲和层析的方法纯化了表达产物,经过一株鼠源糖蛋白特异性单抗竞争证实,该单克隆抗体特异性识别狂犬病毒糖蛋白,亲和力约为10^-9M.体外中和实验证明,该单抗对狂犬病毒aG株具有体外中和活性。     

抗FKBP52人源单链抗体的筛选及其完整抗体真核表达载体的构建

目的:从大容量天然噬菌体抗体库中筛选抗FKBP52人源单链抗体,并进一步构建其真核表达载体。方法:以FKBP52为抗原,通过吸附、扩增、洗脱等过程,从大容量天然噬菌体抗体库中筛选特异性单链抗体,采用ELISA方法进行特异性测定,采用生物膜干涉方法测定亲和力,再经同源重组方法构建完整抗体的真核表达载体,通过PCR及序列测定对构建的载体进行验证。结果:经过4轮筛选,获得15种与FKBP52特异结合的噬菌体抗体,其中7种得到可溶性表达;序列分析表明,7种单链抗体重链可变区分属VHⅠ、VHⅢ和VHⅣ亚群,轻链可变区分属VκⅠ、VκⅢ和VλⅠ亚群;特异性结合活性较好的4株抗体的亲和常数分别为9.723×10-8、3.500×10-8、1.203×10-8和5.323×10-8;将亲和力较好的一株单链抗体轻、重链可变区基因分别拼接到含有人κ及Ig G1恒定区基因的p CMV-L和p CMV-H真核表达载体中。结论:筛选获得多株人源抗FKBP52单链抗体,并构建了完整抗体的真核表达载体。     

高致病性禽流感病毒H5N1中和抗体的单链抗体构建与活性鉴定

在本实验室研制出的多株针对H5N1血凝素的鼠单抗中,10F7对34株H5N1病毒株都有血凝抑制和中和活性,具有特异性高、反应性强、识别谱广的特点。通过基因工程构建10F7单链抗体(scFv)表达重组质粒,在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化scFv,经血凝抑制实验及中和实验检测其活性。结果在针对3株病毒的血凝抑制实验中,10F7scFv蛋白对其中2株H5N1病毒均显示出结合活性,而对H9毒株没有反应。在针对7株H5N1病毒的中和实验中,10F7scFv对5株病毒具有较好的中和能力。H5N1广谱中和抗体10F7的单链抗体构建,为进一步研制针对H5N1禽流感病毒的治疗性抗体奠定了基础。     

人源抗狂犬病毒糖蛋白Ⅲ号表位链置换基因工程抗体研究

为获得针对狂犬病毒糖蛋白Ⅲ号表位的人源单抗,本研究采用噬菌体展示平台,对一株狂犬病毒糖蛋白Ⅲ号抗原表位的人源单抗CR4098采用链置换法进行改造。以CR4098单链抗体为骨架,从狂犬疫苗接种者外周血分离淋巴细胞,提核酸逆转录,PCR扩增抗体轻链可变区基因,替换CR4098的轻链基因,构建轻链置换文库。经纯化狂犬病毒aG株富集筛选,以上述筛选出的轻链阳性克隆为骨架,构建重链置换抗体库,富集筛选后通过ELISA和IFA鉴定阳性抗体克隆并进行序列测定。利用IgG表达载体VH/VK双质粒系统瞬时转染293T细胞实现IgG抗体的分泌型表达,通过亲和力测定和中和试验鉴定IgG抗体功能。结果显示,通过轻链置换,我们获得14株抗狂犬病毒scFv抗体,通过ELISA、IFA、亲和力测定及中和试验确定人源抗体RV3A5特异性结合狂犬病毒糖蛋白,对狂犬病毒CVS株和aG株均具有良好的中和活性,亲和力达到2.8×10-9 M。通过竞争ELISA对抗体结合表位进行鉴定,结果表明RV3A5特异性识别糖蛋白Ⅲ号抗原表位。通过链置换法成功获得1株全新的针对狂犬病毒糖蛋白Ⅲ号表位的高亲和力人源中和抗体,为狂犬病毒抗体制剂鸡尾酒治疗奠定了基础。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.