保鲜剂及冷藏对鹤望兰切花瓶插品质的影响

本文探讨不同保鲜剂、预处理液及冷藏时间对鹤望兰切花瓶插寿命和观赏品质的影响。结果表明,供试的8组瓶插保鲜液中,以配方5% S+300 mg/L 8-HQC+100 mg/L CA+150 mg/L STS+100 mg/L CoCl₂+25 mg/L EDTA-Na保鲜效果最佳,切花瓶插寿命(23.5 d)比CK延长15.2 d,小花开放率(56.1%)比CK提高1.19倍。供试的5组冷藏预处理液中,以10% S+300 mg/L 8-HQC+75 mg/L KH₂PO₄·3H₂O效果最佳,切花经过2~3周8~10℃冷藏后,瓶插寿命(13.7 d)比CK延长7.9 d,小花开放率(43.6%)比CK提高98.2%;该处理组鹤望兰切花的适宜冷藏时间可延长为3周。     

表面活性剂对香石竹切花保鲜效果的研究

目的:解决香石竹采后运输和瓶插过程中花朵衰老问题.方法:研究表面活性剂对香石竹切花保鲜效果,测定瓶插期间的花枝鲜重、花朵直径、SOD活性.结果:由蔗糖25mg/L+柠檬酸200mg/L+8-HQ 200mg/L+吐温0.01%组成的保鲜剂配方,比对照能延长切花瓶插寿命11.4d.结论:在保鲜剂配方中可以使用表面活性剂(如吐温)等物质,其浓度控制在0.01%范围内.     

不同保鲜剂对非洲菊切花的保鲜效应

探讨不同保鲜剂对非洲菊切花的瓶插寿命、观赏品质以及生理生化指标的影响。结果表明,在供试7组保鲜剂中,以处理7(T₇):20g/L Suc+200mg/L 8-HQC+150mg/L CA+75 mg/L KH₂PO₄·3H₂O+1g/L CaCl₂的保鲜效果最佳,可显著延长非洲菊切花瓶插寿命;T₇处理有利于减缓花瓣组织pH上升、花青素含量下降及花瓣细胞膜相对透性的上升,从而延长瓶插寿命。     

不同保鲜剂对香石竹切花的保鲜效果

3种保鲜剂均能不同程度地增加切花鲜重,增大花径,改善切花体内的水分状况,降低过氧化物酶(POD)活性,延长瓶插寿命,其中以保鲜剂3(40mg·L~(-1)苯甲酸+50mg·L~(-1)AgNO_3+3％蔗糖+200mg·L~(-1)8-HQ)的保鲜效果最好。     

小苍兰切花不完全开放的原因探讨及防止措施

本文探明了小苍兰切花瓶插过程中小花不完全开放的原因,是由于采收时切花体内自身糖分积累不足所致。用高浓度(10%,20%,30%)蔗糖液处理,可增加切花各主、侧花序含糖量,提高开放率并延长瓶插寿命。同时还研究了几种含糖、化学药剂及激素的瓶插液对小花开放、花色和瓶插寿命的效应,以S+8-HQC+KT(蔗糖+8-羟基喹啉柠檬酸盐+激动素)效果较佳。此外,还比较了糖液处理和化学药剂保鲜两种方法的利弊和应用范围。     

氯化钙对非洲菊切花的保鲜作用

以 1 0mg ml的CaCl2 溶液作为保鲜液 ,对非洲菊切花进行瓶插试验 ,通过外部形态观察和生理指标测定 ,结果表明 :用CaCl2 溶液瓶插非洲菊切花可以增强花枝的吸水能力 ,增加花枝的鲜重 ,保持切花的水分平衡 ,减少溶质外渗 ,维持膜结构的相对稳定性 ,从而使切花的瓶插寿命比对照延长 3 3d。     

不同保鲜剂对月季切花的保鲜效应

本试验研究不同保鲜剂对月季切花瓶插寿命、观赏品质的影响。正交试验表明,在供试保鲜剂的9个组合中,配方7(P₇)[0.2% Ca(NO₃)₂+0 Suc+400mg/L B₉+1mmol/L STS]保鲜效果最好,可明显延长月季切花瓶插寿命;以P₇保鲜剂喷洒花瓣可促进花朵生长发育;月季切花在瓶插过程中,其花瓣组织的pH值随切花的衰老而上升。     

无机盐对月季切花保鲜效应的研究

含不同无机盐的保鲜剂均能延长月季切花瓶插寿命,增加切花鲜重,增大花径,提高POD活性,改善切花体内水分状况,维持花瓣膜结构的相对稳定。其中以2％蔗糖 300mg／L 8-HQC 200mg／L Ca(N03)2效果最佳。     

长安麦饭石在月季切花上的保鲜效果

在40g/L蔗糖＋50mg/L SA 100mg/L Vc的保鲜液中,加入37μS/cm的长安麦饭石（CHMS）,能更好的保持月季切花较高的吸水能力,增强切花花朵膜损伤修复能力,增大花朵开放直径,增加盛开前花枝的鲜重,提高切花瓶插期的观赏品质,延长瓶插寿命。本试验也证明了水杨酸（SA）与8－羟基喹啉（8－HQ）对月季切花有相似的保鲜效果。     

保鲜剂对晚香玉切花的保鲜效应

以晚香玉切花为材料,用蔗糖、6-BA、8-HQC和酒石酸按四因素三水平的正交设计配制保鲜液,通过测定瓶插寿命、小花开放率、鲜重、可溶性糖和电导率,研究不同保鲜剂的保鲜效果。结果表明：与对照相比,各处理均能不同程度地延缓切花衰老,其中处理9即12g.L^-1蔗糖＋60mg·L^-16-BA＋400mg·L^-18-HQC＋100mg·L^-1酒石酸效果最好,花枝瓶插寿命比对照长6d,70％的小花开放,其他指标均明显优于对照,是晚香玉切花较好的保鲜配方。     

植酸对月季切花瓶插寿命的影响

用0.13％和0.013％植酸对月季切花进行处理,探讨了植酸对月季切花瓶插寿命及衰老过程中一些生理生化指标的影响.结果表明,013％和0.013％植酸处理的切花,瓶插寿命分别延长了2.3 d和1.4d.植酸处理抑制了O-2含量的增加和POD活性的提高,从而减轻了O-2对植物细胞的伤害即抑制丙二醛含量增加,同时抑制了可溶...     

采前喷钙对芍药切花生理生化的影响

以芍药切花品种'杨妃出浴'为试验材料,于采前不同时期喷施4%的CaCl2溶液,以不喷钙切花为对照,观察、测定芍药切花瓶插寿命、花径以及瓶插期间生理生化的变化,已探讨采前喷钙及喷钙时期对芍药切花衰老的影响.结果显示,采前喷钙处理有利于芍药切花保持水分平衡,增加切花花径和鲜重,降低切花体内可溶性蛋白质的降解速度,减缓膜透性的增大,延长切花寿命.研究表明,以采前21 d喷钙为最佳处理,可以延长芍药切花瓶插寿命2.3 d.     

不同保鲜剂对大花飞燕草切花生理特性的影响

以大花飞燕草‘夏季天空’切花为材料,以清水为对照,采用14种不同保鲜剂对其进行保鲜处理。结果表明,SOD活性总体变化先上升再下降;CAT活性变化与SOD类似;POD活性,6-体呈上升趋势;MDA含量呈波动上升趋势;Pro含量呈先减少后又波动增加;可溶性蛋白质含量先增后减。同时发现各保鲜剂均能不同程度延长大花飞燕草切花的瓶插寿命,提升酶促系统的综合作用,降低MDATZPro含量,减缓蛋白质降解,延缓切花衰老,提高观赏品质,其中以保鲜剂1％蔗糖＋200mg·L-1 8-HQS＋50mg·L-1 AgNO3＋50mg·L-1 Al2（SO4）3保鲜效果最佳。     

Micro-organisms at the cut surface and in xylem vessels of rose stems

Stems of cut rose flowers ( Rosa hybrida L. cv. 'Sonia') were placed in water to study the development of a population of micro-organisms at the cut surface and in the xylem vessels. The cut surface became covered with bacteria within 2 d of vase life. The bacteria were accompanied by an amorphous substance which was apparently bacterial slime. After 7 d of vase life many fungal hyphae were also found at the cut surface. Inside the xylem vessels the bacteria were often clustered at the inter-vessel pits. After 4 d of vase life most of the vessels that had been opened by cutting contained bacteria. Only a few xylem elements, located several centimeters from the cut surface, contained an amorphous substance. A few fungal hyphae were observed inside the xylem vessels. No yeasts were found, either at the cut surface or inside the xylem. Pseudomonas species accounted for more than 70% of the total bacterial population of the cut surface and the xylem vessels, and Enterobacter species (mainly Ent. agglomerans ) for less than 10%. Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Citrobacter and Flavobacterium were occasionally observed.     

Physiological response of cut rose flowers to cold storage

The effects of low temperature storage on the physiology of cut rose flowers ( Rosa hybridaL. cv. Mercedes) were studied. Extension of cold storage or increase in temperature (from 3 to 8°C) was accompanied by shortening of vase life and advancement of petal senescence, as reflected in an advance in the timing of the rise in ethylene production and an increase in membrane permeability (ion leakage). Although storage at a relative humidity (RH) of 65% reduced petal water content by 20% in comparison with flowers stored at 95% RH, it did not shorten vase life. The progression of petal senescence was measured during storage at 3°C and during aging at 22°C. Both ethylene production rates and membrane microviscosity measured by fluorescence depolarization increased with time at 3°C and at 22°C, but more slowly at 3°C. At 3°C membrane permeability measured by ion leakage did not increase. Following cold storage the rate of ethylene production in the petals was increased by up to eight times the rate in unstored flowers. Silver thiosulphate extended the vase life of both stored and fresh flowers equally by 2 days, but did not increase the life of stored flowers to that of treated fresh flowers. It is concluded that the primary effect of cold storage on roses is to slow down senescence and that the continued slow senescence leads to shorter vase life. The possible occurrence of sequential processes during senescence and the effects of temperature on these processes is discussed.     

月季切花衰老过程中多胺与膜脂过氧化的关系

以月季切花为材料,研究了月季切花瓶插过程中多胺含量的变化,外源多胺处理对月季药花体内多胺含量的影响以及多胺与膜脂过氧化的关系。结果表明,月季切花瓶插衰老过程中腐胺在前2d略有增加,亚精胺和精胺均呈下降趋势;外源亚精胺和精胺处理均能增加切花体内多胺含量,并能延缓切花衰老和改善切花品质;且亚精胺和精胺处理降低了MDA含量的积累和膜相对透性的上升趋势。     

Effects of postharvest pretreatments and preservative solutions on vase life longevity and flower quality of sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus L.)

The effects of postharvest pretreatments on vase life, keeping quality and carbohydrate concentrations in cut sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus L.) flowers were investigated. Compared to the control, all treatments promoted floret quality and extended longevity. The cut flowers held in the solution containing sucrose + 8-hydroxyquinoline (Suc+HQS) was more effective in promoting absorption rate, achieved greater maximum fresh mass, had better water balance for a longer period, extended the vase life (up to 17 d), and delayed degradation of chlorophylls. The same treatment also enhanced the concentration of soluble carbohydrates in the petals and stems and leaf chlorophyll (Chl) content, whereas it was lowest in silver thiosulphate (STS) treatment. However, concentrations of anthocyanin in the petals were higher for treatment with sucrose or STS plus sucrose than in control or STS alone treatments. Our results suggest that pulse treatment with HQS plus sucrose for 12 h is the most effective for improving pigmentation and use as a commercial cut flower preservative solution to delay flower senescence, enhance quality, and prolong the vase life of sweet pea. The results also showed that soluble carbohydrate concentration in petals and stems is an important factor in determining the vase life of sweet pea flowers.     

Effect of 5-sulfosalicylic acid on antioxidant activity in relation to vase life of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gladiolus</Emphasis> cut flowers

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of 5-sulfosalicylic acid (5-SSA) on the vase life of cut flowers of Gladiolus grandiflora variety ‘Green Willow’. The vase solution having 5-SSA significantly increased cumulative uptake of vase solution, vase life, number of opened florets and decreased the number of unopened florets compared to the controls. Spikes kept in vase solution containing 5-SSA also exhibited lower respiration rates, lipid peroxidation and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, and higher membrane stability, soluble protein concentration, and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Results suggest that 5-SSA increases vase life by increasing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity of the Gladiolus cut flowers.