多波长HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定保安万灵丹中升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、茅术醇、β-桉叶醇和苍术素的含量

目的：建立同时测定保安万灵丹中升麻素苷、5-O- 甲基维斯阿米醇苷、茅术醇、β- 桉叶醇和苍术素含量的方法。方法：采用多波长 HPLC 梯度洗脱法：色谱柱为C18 柱（200 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）;流动相A 为甲醇- 乙腈（2 : 1）,流动相B 为0.1% 磷酸水溶液,流速为1.0 mL · min-1;进样量为20 μL;检测波长分别为254 nm（用于升麻素苷和5-O- 甲基维斯阿米醇苷）、203 nm（用于茅术醇和β- 桉叶醇）和 340 nm（用于苍术素）。结果：升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、茅术醇、β-桉叶醇和苍术素的线性范围分别为4.30～86.00 mg ·L-（1 r=0.999 4）、5.85～117.00 mg · L-1（r=0.999 7）、16.42 ～ 328.40 mg · L-1（r=0.999 3）、15.16 ～ 303.20 mg · L-1（r=0.999 9）和12.78 ～ 255.60 mg · L-1（r=0.999 5）; 精密度、重复性及稳定性试验中所测各目标组分峰面积的RSD 均小于2.0%;升麻素苷、5-O- 甲基维斯阿米醇苷、茅术醇、β- 桉叶醇和苍术素的平 均加样回收率/RSD(n=6) 分别为97.49％ /1.45％、96.81％ /0.94％、98.60％ /1.65％、97.96％ /1.38％和99.22％ /1.24％。结论：本法操作简便、 结果准确、重复性好,可用作保安万灵丹的质量控制方法。     

航天搭载与非搭载舟形藻(Navicula tenera)培养基的优化

通过单因子和正交实验探讨了培养液中不同浓度KNO3、Na2HPO4、FeC l3和Na2S iO3对通过“神舟5号”飞船搭载与非搭载舟形藻(Navicula tenera)生长的影响,确立了适合搭载与非搭载舟形藻生长的最佳培养基组合。结果表明,经搭载后舟形藻生长所需的营养盐组合发生了变化。通过正交实验筛选出适合搭载舟形藻生长的最佳培养基为含300 mg.L-1KNO3、60 mg.L-1Na2HPO4.12H2O、24 mg.L-1FeC l3和700 mg.L-1Na2S iO3.9H2O的F/2培养基;适合非搭载舟形藻生长的最佳培养基为含600 mg.L-1KNO3、60 mg.L-1Na2HPO4.12H2O、12mg.L-1FeC l3和700 mg.L-1Na2S iO3.9H2O的F/2培养基。     

表面活性剂增敏——牛血清白蛋白荧光猝灭法测定槐花中芦丁含量

目的：应用牛血清白蛋白荧光猝灭法建立一种测定槐花中芦丁含量的新方法。方法：牛血清白蛋白（BSA）具有很强的内源荧光性,而芦丁溶液本身不产生荧光。当芦丁与BSA结合后,会导致其荧光强度下降,表面活性剂吐温-80（T-80）对体系有促进荧光猝灭作用。BSA在λex=338nm处的荧光猝灭程度与芦丁的量在一定浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,据此建立测定槐花中芦丁含量的新方法。结果：该结合物的最大发射波长为λmax=338nm,与芦丁摩尔浓度在6×10-7-3.0×10-5mol.L-1范围内线性关系良好。其线性回归方程为ΔF=136.36CRu（×10-5mol.L-1）-0.5454,相关系数r=0.9976,检出限为1.58×10-7mol.L-1,RSD为2.8%-4.3%,加标回收率为97.6%~101.2%。结论：本方法操作简便、快速,用于实际样本的测定,结果满意。     

表面活性剂增敏--牛血清白蛋白荧光猝灭法测定槐花中芦丁含量

目的:应用牛血清白蛋白荧光猝灭法建立一种测定槐花中芦丁含量的新方法。方法:牛血清白蛋白(BSA)具有很强的内源荧光性,而芦丁溶液本身不产生荧光。当芦丁与BSA结合后,会导致其荧光强度下降,表面活性剂吐温-80(T-80)对体系有促进荧光猝灭作用。BSA在λex=338nm处的荧光猝灭程度与芦丁的量在一定浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,据此建立测定槐花中芦丁含量的新方法。结果:该结合物的最大发射波长为λmax=338nm,与芦丁摩尔浓度在6×10-7~3.0×10-5mol.L-1范围内线性关系良好。其线性回归方程为ΔF=136.36CRu(×10-5mol.L-1)-0.5454,相关系数r=0.9976,检出限为1.58×10-7mol.L-1,RSD为2.8%~4.3%,加标回收率为97.6%~101.2%。结论:本方法操作简便、快速,用于实际样本的测定,结果满意。     

黄胫小车蝗活动行为的观察

黄胫小车蝗活动行为观察结果表明,在时间、位置、方位三因素中,以方位因素水平间最显著,F=21.89>F_0.01(3.83);在互作中最显著的为时间×位置,F=80.34>F_0.01(2.12);在连作时间×位置×方位也最显著,F=3.79>F_0.01(1.64)。用新复极差测验方位北小区最显著,α=0.01;时间×位置的互作,12时有食料最显著,α=0.01;位置×方位的互作,笼壁北小区最显著,α=0.01;时间×位置×方位的互作,20时笼壁北小区最显著,α=0.01。光量、温度(x)与虫量(y)均呈负相关,r=-0.6153、r=-0.7877。     

樱桃种间杂交种的幼胚培养

1植物名称樱桃种间杂交后代。杂交组合有甜樱桃(Prunus avium)×酸樱桃(P.cerasus),甜樱桃(P.avium)×欧洲李(P.domestica)、甜樱桃(P.avium)×中国樱桃(P.pseudocerasus)、酸樱桃(P.cerasus)×欧洲李(P.domestica)、酸樱桃(P.cerasus)×中国樱桃(P.pseudocerasus)。2材料类别幼胚。3培养条件基本培养基为F14。(1)幼胚培养培养基:F14+6-BA0.5mg·L-1(单位下同)+IBA1.0+GA1.0;(2)胚芽继代增殖培养基:F14+6-BA0.5+IBA0.2+GA0.2;(3)生根培养基:F14+IBA0.5+NAA0.05。培养基中蔗糖为2%,琼脂为0.7%,pH5.4。培养温度(25±2)℃,光照1…     

HPLC法测定头孢克肟的含量

采用高效液相色谱法测定头孢克肟的含量 ,HPL C法 C1 8为填充柱 (6 .0× 15 0 mm ) ,以氢氧化四丁铵 -乙腈 (34 0 :16 0 )为流动相 ;检测波长为 2 5 4nm。结果 :线性范围为 0 .144 mg/ ml～ 0 .2 80 mg/ ml(r=0 .9999) ,平均回收率为 99.80 %,RSD=0 .2 0 %(n=3)。本法具有柱效高、经济等优点 ,优于 USP法。     

豆瓣兰的无菌播种与快速繁殖

1植物名称豆瓣兰[Cymbidum serratum（Schltr）Y.S.Wu et S.C.Chen]。2材料类别种子。3培养条件种子萌发培养基：（1）MS＋1 mg·L-（-1）BAP＋10%椰子水;（2）改良Kyoto＋1 mg·L-（-1） BAP＋10%椰子水;（3）1/3MS＋1 mg·L-（-1） BAP＋10%椰子水。原球茎增殖培养基：（4）改良Kyoto＋2 mg·L-（-1）BAP＋1 mg·L-（-1） NAA＋10%椰子水。根状茎增殖培养基：（5）改良Kyoto＋3 mg·L-（-1） BAP＋0.2 mg·L-（-1） NAA＋10%椰子水。分化壮苗培养基：     

发酵液中色氨酸含量高通量快速测定

为了高通量筛选色氨酸工程菌,利用色氨酸与MAA在酸性条件下产生荧光物质(激发波长253 nm,发射波长450nm),荧光强度与色氨酸含量在一定范围内成正比的原理,建立了96孔微孔板中高通量测定发酵液色氨酸含量的方法。反应液80℃反应15 min后,测量荧光强度。线性范围为1 mg.L-1~100 mg.L-1,为大规模筛选色氨酸基因工程菌打下了基础。     

拉曼被孢霉F5发酵生产γ-亚麻酸的研究

对拉曼被孢霉突变株F5发酵生产γ-亚麻酸的最适碳源、氮源、发酵时间及温度、无机盐离子添加、最适碳源浓度及补加碳源时间等发酵条件进行了研究探讨.最适发酵培养基组成为(g/L):葡萄糖100,酵母浸出粉4,蛋白胨1,K2HPO4 1,CaCl2 1×10-2,MgSO45×10-2,FeSO4 1×10-2,ZnSO4 7.5×10-3,CuSO4 0.5 × 10-5,MnSO4 2×10-3,pH 6.0.培养温度为25℃,140r/min振荡培养10天,培养8天后(即收获前2天)补加5%葡萄糖.发酵结果为:DC24.59g/L,TL 10.84g/L,TL/DC44.09%,GLA/TL10.67%,GLA产量为1156.63 mg/L. GLA产量较初始结果提高156.15%.该菌株已达到工业化生产菌株要求.     

Studies on the Localization and Spectral Characteristics of the Fluorescence Emission of Differently Pigmented Wheat Leaves

Intensity, spectral characteristics and localization of the UV-laser (337 nm) induced blue-green and red fluorescence emission of green, etiolated and white primary leaves of wheat seedlings were studied in a combined fluorospectral and fluoromicroscopic investigation. The blue-green fluorescence of the green leaf was characterized by a maximum near 450 nm (blue region) and a shoulder near 530 nm (green region), whereas the red chlorophyll fluorescence exhibited maxima in the near-red (F690) and far-red (F735). The etiolated leaf with some carotenoids and traces of chlorophyll a, in turn, showed a higher intensity of the blue-green fluorescence with a shoulder in the green region and a strong red fluorescence peak near 684 to 690 nm, the far-red chlorophyll fluorescence maximum (F735) was, however, absent. The norfluorazone-treated white leaf, free of chlorophylls and carotenoids, only exhibited blue-green fluorescence of a very high intensity. In green and etiolated leaves the blue-green fluorescence primarily derived from the cell walls of the epidermis and the red fluorescence from the chlorophyll a of the mesophyll cells. In white leaves the blue-green fluorescence emanated from all cell walls of epidermis, mesophyll and leaf vein bundles. The shape and intensity of the blue-green and red fluorescence emission is determined by the reabsorption properties of chlorophylls and carotenoids in the mesophyll, thus giving rise to quite different values of the various fluorescence ratios F450/F690, F450/F530, F450/F735 and F690/F735 in green and etiolated leaves.     

现代荧光免疫分析技术应用及其新发展

免疫分析作为一类特殊的试剂分析技术,已经被广泛应用于多个不同领域。作为免疫分析方法家族中的一员,现代荧光免疫分析技术在相关领域里也扮演了重要角色。现代荧光免疫分析技术主要包括荧光偏振免疫分析(FPIA)和时间分辩荧光免疫分析(TRFIA)两种技术。本文从原理角度出发,综述了FPIA和TRFIA近年来在分析领域中的应用,并且阐述了二者的一些最新发展动态。     

Blue,Green and Red Fluorescence Signatures and Images of Tobacco Leaves*

Laser-induced fluorescence images of the leaf of an aurea mutant of Nicotiana tabacum were recorded for the blue and green fluorescence at 440 and 520 nm and the red chlorophyll fluorescence at 690 and 735 nm. The results obtained were compared with direct measurements of the fluorescence emission spectra of leaves using a conventional spectrofluorometer. The highest emission of blue (F440) and green fluorescence (F520) within the leaf was found in the leaf veins, particularly the main leaf vein. In contrast, the intercostal fields of leaves, which exhibited the highest chlorophyll content, showed only a very low blue and green fluorescence emission, which was much lower than the red and far-red chlorophyll fluorescence emission bands (F690 and F735). Correspondingly, the ratio of blue to red leaf fluorescence F440/F690 of upper and lower leaf side was much higher in the leaf veins (values 1.2 to 1.5) than in intercostal fields (values of 0.6 to 0.7). The results also demonstrated that in the intercostal fields the major part of the blue-green fluorescence was reabsorbed by chlorophylls and carotenoids. A partial reabsorption of the red fluorescence band near 690 nm by leaf chlorophyll took place, but did not affect the far-red fluorescence band near F735. As a consequence the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio F690/F735 exhibited significantly higher values in the chlorophyll-poor leaf vein regions (1.7 to 1.8) than in the chlorophyll-rich intercostal fields (0.8 to 1.3). Imaging spectroscopy of leaves was shown to be much more precise than the screening of fluorescence signatures by conventional fluorometers. It clearly demonstrated that the blue-green fluorescence and the red chlorophyll fluorescence of leaves exhibit an inverse contrast to each other. The advantage of the fluorescence imaging spectroscopy, which allows the simultaneous screening of the whole leaf surface and distinct parts of it, and its possible application in the detection of stress effects or local damage by insects and pathogens, is discussed.     

Synchrotron-excited time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of adenosine,protonated adenosine and 6N, 6N-dimethyladenosine in aqueous solution at room temperature

The fluorescence behavior of adenosine in neutral solution has been studied by time-resolved spectroscopy using synchrotron excitation and timecorrelated single photon counting, and by decay time measurements. Three emissions have been identified and correlated with three excitation spectra. The assignment of these transitions has been made by comparison with similar measurements on ⁶N, ⁶N-dimethyladenosine (6 DMA), and on adenosine in acid solution (ADO H⁺). It is proposed that two of the transitions of adenosine which correlate with 6DMA originate from coplanar and orthogonal rotational conformers of the amino group. The other transition, correlating with ADO H⁺ may originate either from the ³H-imino tautomer, or from a differently solvated rotational conformer.A partial presentation of this work has been made at the Second Congress of the European Society for Photobiology Padova, Italy, 6–10 September 1987     

CorTectorTM SX100：一款桌面式荧光相关光谱仪的原理和应用

荧光相关光谱检测技术具有超灵敏(单分子)、快速(数秒至数分钟)和多功能(检测分子浓度、大小和相互作用)等技术优点,且无需反应物分离,因此有潜力成为一种新型均相、高敏荧光免疫检测技术,适用于在溶液中或单个活细胞内检测生物分子特性．本文首先介绍荧光相关光谱检测技术的原理和研究进展,然后结合项目团队自主研发的目前全球唯一一款可靠、易使用的桌面式荧光相关光谱仪,进一步探讨荧光相关光谱检测技术的具体实现和潜在应用．     

叶绿素荧光动力学参数的意义及讨论

叶绿素荧光动力学技术被称为研究植物光合功能的快速、无损伤探针。但其参数众多，且名称及在参数的生物学意义解释上存在不规范和混乱现象。本文通过对这些问题的讨论旨在引起使用者的注意，并探讨正确使用这些参数的途径     

A novel amphiphilic thiosemicarbazone derivative for binding and selective sensing of human serum albumin

The interaction of ligands and drug molecules with protein is of major interest in drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. In this study, we synthesized a novel thiosemicarbazone‐based amphiphilic molecule for selective binding and detection of human serum albumin (HSA) with significant increase in fluorescence intensity. The compound 5‐(octyloxy) naphthalene substituted salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone was designed to interact with site I of HSA. The weak fluorescence of the probes in aqueous solution showed a dramatic increase in fluorescence intensity upon binding with HSA, while the responses to various other proteins and enzymes were negligible under similar experimental conditions. Changes in fluorescence intensity and formation of a new emission maximum of the compound in the presence of HSA as well as an increase in steady‐state anisotropy values reflected well the nature of binding and location of the probe inside the protein environment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

内源荧光法在鉴别细菌表征中的应用

实现对细菌种属快速而高选择性的鉴别和表征在生化检测、临床医学和公共卫生领域变得日趋重要.内源荧光法以其灵敏度高、在线检测时间短、样品前处理简单等优势为微生物鉴别和表征提供了新方法.本文介绍了内源荧光法用于鉴别细菌表征的方法和原理;详细综述了近年来该方法用于食品分析、临床检验、环境监测和防生物恐怖等领域的细菌鉴别、代谢及追踪细菌源的现状和研究进展,并对其应用前景作了展望.     

Responses of Nine Bryophyte and One Lichen Species from Different Microhabitats to Elevated UV-B Radiation

Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (F_v/F_m, R_Fd) of nine bryophyte and one lichen species were investigated after prolonged exposure to elevated UV-B radiation. The majority of the investigated bryophytes showed a prompt or inducible tolerance to increase UV-B irradiation. Among the investigated species high degree of UV-tolerance coincides with strong desiccation tolerance.