人成骨蛋白成熟肽基因在毕氏酵母(Pichia Yeast)中的高效表达

采用PCR方法,根据文献报道的人成骨蛋白（osteogenic protein-1,OP-1）成熟肽基因序列,设计并合成一对引物,从构建的含人成骨蛋白基因的质粒中扩增获得大小为420bp的DNA片段,连接到pGEM-T载体进行测序,证明获得人成骨蛋白成熟肽基因片段,并以pPIC9K为表达载体构建重组表达质粒,转化大肠杆菌细胞,经鉴定的阳性重组质粒并线形化,电转化毕氏酵母细胞GS115,于30℃进行甲醇诱导分泌表达,表达产物存在于培养基中,占分泌蛋白的10％.重组表达产物进行Western Blot可以检测到重组表达产物,ELISA检测其具有特异性结合活性.     

地鳖虫纤溶活性蛋白cDNA序列克隆与毕赤酵母表达

依据已报道的地鳖虫成熟肽cDNA序列设计引物,通过RT-PCR法从地鳖虫(Eupolyphage sinensis Walker)中克隆得到675 bp地鳖虫纤溶活性蛋白 (fibrinolytic protein,EFP)成熟肽编码序列.将此片段克隆到表达载体pPICZα-A中,转化毕赤酵母GS115,甲醇诱导表达得到重组表达蛋白,经SDS-PAGE电泳和活性鉴定,表明重组EFP在毕赤酵母中均获得表达,重组表达蛋白相对分子质量为28.2 kD,表达产物分子质量与理论分子质量相符.重组蛋白在毕赤酵母中以分泌形式表达,具有纤溶活性.     

斑点叉尾鮰LEAP-2和NK-lysin抗菌肽在毕赤酵母中的串联表达

[目的]合成密码子优化的斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatus)LEAP-2与NK-lysin成熟肽的串联基因(LN),构建真核重组表达载体p PICZαA-LN,实现LN在毕赤酵母中的重组DNA表达并对其纯化。[方法]参考编码斑点叉尾鮰LEAP-2和NK-lysin成熟肽的c DNA序列,根据毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)的密码子偏爱性,优化合成LEAP-2与NK-lysin成熟肽的串联基因LN,两者之间通过α因子信号肽酶切位点对应的核苷酸序列连接;选择表达载体p PICZαA,构建重组表达载体p PICZαA-LN;电转化至毕赤酵母X-33,29℃、p H 6.0条件下,采用1.0%甲醇诱导表达目的蛋白;采用阳离子交换层析对表达产物进行分离纯化。[结果]Tricine-SDS-PAGE分析显示,培养72 h的表达产物经阳离子交换层析,获得了重组体LEAP-2成熟肽、NK-lysin成熟肽和两者的串连表达物;LEAP-2成熟肽的分泌表达效率较NK-lysin成熟肽的高。[结论]实验构建了斑点叉尾鮰LEAP-2与NK-lysin串联基因的真核重组表达载体,并在毕赤酵母X-33中成功表达。     

人骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP-2)在巴斯德毕赤酵母中的表达

以重组质粒pUC-BMP2为模板PCR扩增人BMP-2成熟肽编码序列,将该序列克隆入pGEM-T载体进行DNA序列分析后亚克隆入分泌型毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9K中。重组质粒oPIC9K-BMP2经BelⅡ酶切后回收线性化片段,聚乙二醇法转染毕赤酵母茵株GS115。PCR筛选整合有人BMP-2基因的酵母细胞重组子,以甲醇进行诱导表达,于酵母细胞培养基中可检测到rhBMP-2。体外培养条件下,所得rhBMP-2可增加2T3小鼠成骨细胞内碱性磷酸酶活性;体内实验．rhBMP-2冻干粉可于小鼠骨四头肌肌袋中诱导软骨细胞群产生。     

rSalmosin-Mel融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中表达及活性研究

[目的]构建rSalmosin-Mel融合蛋白毕赤酵母真核表达载体,建立表达纯化工艺并初步评价其抗肿瘤活性。[方法]rSalmosin-Mel基因同pPIC9K相连,构建pPIC9K/rD-M真核表达载体,电转化至毕赤酵母菌GS115中。对重组菌的发酵时间、甲醇浓度及培养基pH进行优化。采用QSepharose HP和Sephadex G-75层析技术纯化重组蛋白rD-M。通过MTT比色法检测rD-M对MCF-7细胞增殖的抑制作用。[结果]获得了高效分泌表达rD-M融合蛋白的酵母工程菌株,确定了在28℃、pH 6.0、浓度为1.5%甲醇诱导96 h发酵条件。通过层析纯化出纯度大于95%的重组蛋白。MTT实验结果表明,0.25、0.5、1、2和4 nmol/L的rD-M对MCF-7细胞增殖具有明显的抑制作用。[结论]实现了rSalmosin-Mel融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中最优条件下的分泌型表达,为其作为基因工程抗肿瘤药物奠定基础。     

hBMP-3m基因在烟草中的表达

PCR扩增人骨形成蛋白-3成熟肽(hBMP-3m)cDNA,纯化后连接人pUC19质粒,构建克隆载体pUC19B3m;用EcoR Ⅰ和HindⅢ酶解pUC19B3m和pJIT163,将目的片段插入pJIT163,构建中间载体pJIT163-B3m;再构建植物表达载体pCAMBIA1300-B3m。利用冻融法将质粒pCAMBIA-hBMP3m转入根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)LBA4404。以烟草(Nicotiana tabacum L.)无菌苗叶盘为外植体,通过根癌农杆菌介导法进行遗传转化,获得了在含25mg／L潮霉素(Hygromycin,Hyg)的筛选培养基上再生的抗性植株,经PCR证实其中部分植株已将人骨形成蛋白-3成熟肽基因整合到烟草基因组中,Western Blot结果表明已有微量BMP表达。关键词：人骨形成蛋白-3成熟肽(hBMP-3m);烟草;根癌农杆菌介导法。     

Gallinacin-2在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达

利用RT-PCR技术,从鸡肺脏总RNA中克隆了Gal-2 cDNA全序列,以克隆载体为模板PCR扩增Gal-2成熟肽cDNA,将成熟肽cDNA插入到分泌型表达载体pPIC9k中,构建pPIC9k-Gal-2成熟肽表达载体;通过电转化方法将表达质粒导入到毕赤酵母GS115体内,阳性克隆菌经甲醇诱导表达,SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳检测在3.9ku附近出现预期大小的条带,灰度扫描显示蛋白表达量占总分泌蛋白量的63.7%。抑菌试验结果表明,表达的防御素对大肠埃希氏菌、乙型副伤寒沙门氏菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有一定的抑菌活性。     

人GLP -1- IgG Fc融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

目的:构建GLP-1-IgG Fc融合蛋白分子并在毕赤酵母中实现高效表达.方法:使用蛋白质工程技术改造GLP -1,去除其蛋白酶降解位点,然后利用重叠延伸PCR方法得到改造后的GLP -1与人IgG-Fc片断的嵌合体基因并将其插入pPIC9K载体中.以重组载体转化巴斯德毕赤酵母菌中进行表达.采用SDS-PAGE和Western Blot方法检测重组蛋白的表达.结果:成功的构建了GLP -1-IgG Fc嵌合体基因并使其在重组毕赤酵母中高效分泌表达.在25℃条件下,摇瓶培养添加0.5％甲醇诱导72h后融合蛋白的表达量最大,为5mg/L.SDS-PAGE和Westem-Blot结果表明表达产物为GLP -1-IgG Fc融合蛋白.结论:获得了高效表达GLP -1-IgG Fc融合蛋白的毕赤酵母菌株,为GLP -1-IgG Fc的活性和半衰期测定及下一步的开发奠定了基础,并为在毕赤酵母菌中表达其他Fc融合蛋白和抗体提供了参考.     

人精氨酸酶在毕赤酵母的高效表达、纯化和活性研究

目的：人精氨酸酶（Arginase, Arg）的基因arg在毕赤酵母高效分泌表达,建立相应纯化工艺路线,研究重组人精氨酸酶的活性。方法：将人精氨酸酶基因arg按正确的阅读框架插入到毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9α信号肽基因后,构建得到重组毕赤酵母表达质粒。转化毕赤酵母GS115筛选高表达菌株。结果：成功构建了酵母表达载体pPIC-Arg,转化毕赤酵母GS115后筛选到分泌表达目的蛋白Arg的菌株,目标蛋白可以分泌到培养基中。经过膜过滤和凝胶过滤层析对培养基上清进行纯化,即可获得纯度达到95%的活性产物。活性测定表明,纯化的Arg比活性为310 IU/mg。结论：成功构建了Arg的毕赤酵母高效表达菌种,建立了目标物质的分离纯化工艺。     

重组人GALNT3-sol蛋白在毕赤酵母中的高效表达和活性鉴定

目的:为了获得有催化活性的人乙酰半乳糖胺转移酶3(GALNT3),构建了GALNT3可溶性区域(GALNT3-sol)的真核分泌表达载体,在巴斯德毕赤酵母中表达并纯化GALNT3-sol蛋白,体外检测其转糖基活性。方法:以构建好的pET15b/GALNT3-sol为模板进行PCR,扩增编码人GALNT3-sol的cDNA片段(1 755 bp),将其克隆至真核表达载体pPIC9K,载体线性化后采用电击法转化毕赤酵母GS115。通过MD平板和G418平板筛选出阳性高拷贝重组菌株。阳性菌株经过甲醇诱导表达人GALNT3-sol重组蛋白,表达上清进行Ni-NAT分离纯化。分别采用SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定纯化的重组蛋白,并使用HPLC和MALDI-TOF/MS分析其转糖基化反应的活性。结果:成功构建了能够分泌表达GALNT3-sol的毕赤酵母菌株。阳性表达菌株在BMMY培养基(pH 6.0)中20℃培养,经0.5%甲醇诱导表达96 h,摇瓶表达量可达5mg/L。SDS-PAGE和Western blot结果显示表达重组蛋白为糖基化形式。活性检测显示表达的重组蛋白具有转糖基活性。结论:成功获得可以高效分泌表达具有活性的人GALNT3-sol蛋白的毕赤酵母菌株,为进一步研究人GALNT3的性质及其应用提供了基础。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

Time of detection of recessive genes: effects of system of mating and number of examined individuals

Summary Anthers were cultured from two sets of seven lines of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with different cytoplasms, the euplasmic nucleus donors, Siete Cerros 66 and Penjamo 62, as well as their six alloplasmic lines derived from wild relative species of the genera Triticum and Aegilops. Significant cytoplasmic and nuclear effects but no cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction were found for embryogenic anther response, with the best performance of Penjamo 62 in Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm. Plant regeneration was not affected significantly by the cytoplasmic background of the lines cultured. The possible genetic implications of the observed cytoplasmic and nuclear influences on the in vitro haploid induction of wheat are discussed.