臭鼠的种群年龄结构研究

１９８６年１月至１９９３年１２月,作者在浙江萧山围垦农区采用体重法将臭　种群分为５个年龄组。雄体：Ⅰ．幼年组（体重≤３０８）、Ⅱ．亚成年组（体重＞３０９,≤４０ｇ）、Ⅲ．成年１组（体重＞４０ｇ,≤５２ｇ）、Ⅳ．成年ＩＩ组（体重＞５２８,≤６４８）、Ⅴ．老年组（体重＞６４ｇ）;雌体：幼年组（体重≤２４ｇ）,Ⅱ．亚成年组（体重＞２４ｇ;≤３６ｇ）．Ⅲ．成年Ⅰ组（体重＞３６９,≤４６ｇ）,Ⅳ．成年Ⅱ组（体重＞４６８,≤５４ｇ）,Ⅴ．老年组（体重＞５４ｇ）。各年龄组的繁殖特性存在差异。种群以成年Ⅰ组为主,但其种群的年龄结构存在有性别差异,雄性种群以成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组和老年组为主,雌性种群以亚成年组和成年Ⅰ组为主。种群的年龄结构存在季节性变化。在室内,雄性在春季和冬季以成年Ⅱ组为主,夏季和秋季以老年组为主;在室外春季、秋季和冬季均以成年Ⅰ组为主,夏季则以成年Ⅱ组为主。室内雌性在各季节均以成年Ⅰ组为主,而在室外春季和冬季以亚成年组为主,夏季和秋季以成年Ⅰ组为主。其种群年龄结构存在有年变化。     

洞庭平原黄胸鼠种群年龄组的划分

根据胴体重的频次分布和每５ｇ胴体重组的鼠所对应的发育与繁殖状况,将黄胸鼠分为５个年龄组,Ⅰ,幼年组：胴体重≤３５ｇ;Ⅱ。亚成年组,３６－６５ｇ;Ⅲ。成年一组：６６－１００ｇ;Ⅳ．成年二组：１０１－１３５ｇ;Ⅴ．老年组;〉１３５ｇ。经ｔ检验,各组间的胴体重,体重,体长尾长都有显著性的差异。各年龄组间的体重与胴体重存在显著的正相关前３个年龄组的体长和尾长与胴体重之间有极显著相关性。各年龄组的雌性比变化     

洞庭平原褐家鼠年龄分组及种群年龄动态分析

本文采用1986年10月—1989年12月在洞庭平原收集的褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)标本,以胴体重作指标,参考繁殖特征,将褐家鼠划分5个年龄组:Ⅰ.幼体组,雌鼠<60克,雄鼠<70克;Ⅱ.亚成体组,雌鼠60—99克,雄鼠70—119克;Ⅲ.成体Ⅰ组,雌鼠100—139克,雄鼠120—169克;Ⅳ.成体Ⅱ组,雌鼠140—189克,雄鼠170—219克;Ⅴ.老体组,雌鼠>190克,雄鼠>220克。种群年龄结构的季节动态特征是:开春时以Ⅲ、Ⅳ组占优势,初夏时Ⅰ、Ⅱ组明显增加,7、8、9月各年龄组比例较均匀,冬季以Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为主。还探讨了年龄与体重、体长、尾长及繁殖率的相互关系。     

布氏四鼠在低温条件下的实验观察

实验在－２０℃的低温下进行。结果表明。（１）单笼饲养鼠平均存活期为１４５．９±３０．８ｈ。其中幼鼠耐低温力最差。然后依次为老体组、亚成体组、成体组。除幼体外,雌鼠的抗寒能力稍高于雄体。（２）饲喂冷蒿组比饲喂其它６种牧草在低温下布氏田鼠的存活期显著延长．（３）聚集可明显增强对低温的耐受程度。（４）窝草可使巢内温度保持在５～８℃,窝巢内层的温度可达１５～２２℃。     

甘肃灵台文王沟晚中新世-早更新世小哺乳动物

大量小哺乳动物化石在地层中的分布,将文王沟剖面２３层划分出５个生物地层带;Ⅰ带相当于榆社马会组;Ⅱ带与Ⅲ带相同庄组;Ⅳ带相当于麻则沟组;Ⅴ带为午城贡土底部。根据生物属种转换判定出４个主要生物事件发生时期,分别在５．８、３．６、．３０、２．４Ｍａ左右。每一个生物事件集中发生的时期指示生态环境的一次显著向干冷方向变化。     

重瓣丝石竹的开发与应用

本文在重瓣丝石竹开发与应用研究中对以下三方面问题进行了探讨与研究。Ⅰ．茎尖和茎段组织培养技术及存在问题的分析与研究;最适诱芽培养基为ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ １ｍｇ／‘Ｌ＋琼脂８￣１０ｇ蔗糖３０ｇ,克服试管苗玻璃化现象的方法。Ⅱ．不同介质对重瓣丝石竹试管苗生根试验;最佳生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋珍珠岩＋蔗糖３０ｇ,介质为珍珠岩。Ⅲ．移载技术研究;最佳入地栽培的土壤配     

窄颖仲彬草生物系统学研究

窄颖仲彬草Ｋｅｎｇｙｉｌｉａ ｓｔｅｎａｃｈｙｒａ（Ｋｅｎｇ） Ｊ．Ｌ． Ｙａｎｇ ,Ｙｅｎ ｅｔ Ｂａｕｍ 是分布于我国西部的一种多年生六倍体植物。将其与犬草Ｅｌｙｍｕｓ ｃａｎｉｎｕｓ（Ｌ．） Ｌ．, 鹅观草Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａ ｋａｍｏｊｉ Ｏｈｗｉ, 糙毛仲彬草Ｋ．ｈｉｒｓｕｔａ （Ｋｅｎｇ） Ｊ．Ｌ．Ｙａｎｇ,Ｙｅｎ ｅｔ Ｂａｕｍ ３ 个种进行了杂交。对亲本及杂种Ｆ１ 代花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ｉ染色体配对行为进行了观察。减数分裂平均构型分别为： Ｅ． ｃａｎｉｎｕｓ×Ｋ． ｓｔｅｎａｃｈｙｒａ２３－７９ Ⅰ＋ ５－２０ Ⅱ＋ ０－２７Ⅲ; Ｒ．ｋａｍｏｊｉ ×Ｋ．ｓｔｅｎａｃｈｙｒａ１８－２３ Ⅰ＋ １１－６８ Ⅱ＋ ０－０６ Ⅲ＋ ０－０６ Ⅳ; Ｋ．ｈｉｒｓｕｔａ ×Ｋ．ｓｔｅｎａｃｈｙｒａ４－８３Ⅰ＋ １７－３１ Ⅱ＋ ０－５５ Ⅲ＋ ０－２０ Ⅳ＋ ０－０２ Ⅴ。根据以上结果, 结合种的形态特征, 窄颖仲彬草应从鹅观草属Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａ Ｃ． Ｋｏｃｈ 拟冰草组ＰａｒａｇｒｏｐｙｒｏｎＫｅｎｇ 中组合到仲彬草属Ｋｅｎｇｙｉｌｉａ Ｙｅｎ ｅｔ Ｙａｎｇ。     

乙型肝炎病人重叠感染丙型肝炎的评价

应用ＥＬＩＳＡ和ＰＣＲ法检测５０２例乙肝病人血清,４０１例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性血清中,有１１４例（２８．４％）抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ双项阳性,２５例（６．２％）ＨＣＶＲＮＡ单项阳性;２１例（５．２％）抗－ＨＣＶ单项阳性。将ＨＢｓＡｇ乙肝病人分成ＨＢＶＤＮＡ,ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性组和ＨＢＶＤＮＡ,ＨＢｅＡｇ阴性组。前者抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为１１．６％～２０．５％,ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性率为１６．２％～２０．５％。后者抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为２０．２％～５５．６％,ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性率为２３％～６０．３％。结果说明长期携带ＨＢＶ者和慢性乙肝病人均可重叠ＨＣＶ感染。ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性组抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性率明显高于ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性组     

川西平原大足鼠的种群生态学Ⅰ.种群动态和个体大小

我们利用标志重捕、夹捕解剖和笼养等三种方法于１９８９年１月至１９９５年６月对川西平原的大足鼠的种群密度、个体大小、生长和生物量进行了研究。种群密度最高１１．３只／ｈａ,最低０．７只／ｈａ,平均３．６只／ｈａ,并显示出与农作物相同的季节变动特征。雌雄性比由幼年组和亚成体组约１：１到成体组１：０．７８到老年组１：０．５３。雌雄个体的平均质量分别为１３６ｇ和１１４ｇ,两性的个体质量和后足长有明显差异,体长和耳长差异不明显。饲养的幼体及亚成体个体质量和尾长均持续增长,并可分别用Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ和对数方程较好地拟合。生物量则显示出比种群密度和个体质量更稳定的特征。     

中国五种锄足蟾科无尾两栖动物的细胞遗传学研究

本文对中国５种锄足蟾科无尾两栖动物的骨髓细胞有丝分裂中期作了细胞遗传学研究,内容包括核型、Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ和Ｃ－带。研究结果表明景东角蟾：２ｎ＝２６（２０Ｍ＋４ＳＭ＋２ＳＴ）,５＋８,ＳＣ和Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ位于６ｐ＾ｐｅｒ,同时呈Ｃ－带正染。Ｃ－带以着丝点区域正染为主;粗皮角蟾：２ｎ＝２６（２０Ｍ＋６ＳＭ）,５＋８,Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ在６ｑ＾ｉｎｔｅｒ,以着丝点Ｃ－带为主,但Ｎｏｓ．１２,１３有明显的端位     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.