单抗免疫斑点法和组织印迹法检测百合无症病毒

应用抗百合无症病毒（Lily symptomless virus,LSV）的单克隆抗体,建立了快速检测田间样品的免疫斑点法（Dot—ELISA）和组织印迹法（Tissue blot-ELISA）体系。LSV单抗稀释2,000倍时,Dot-ELISA中病叶粗汁液可被检出的最大稀释度为1：640。Tissue blot—ELISA中样品一次平切后第1次印迹与Dot—ELISA样品1：40稀释的结果相当,前4次印迹均可获得满意的显色效果。常规Tissue blot-ELISA的灵敏度低于Dot—ELISA,但用丙酮处理点过样的硝酸纤维素膜后,二者的灵敏度相当,且Tissue blot—ELISA操作更简便,适合田间大量样品的快速检测。     

单抗免疫斑点法和组织印迹法检测百合无症病毒*

应用抗百合无症病毒(Lilysymptomlessvirus,LSV)的单克隆抗体,建立了快速检测田间样品的免疫斑点法(Dot-ELISA)和组织印迹法(Tissueblot-ELISA)体系。LSV单抗稀释2,000倍时,Dot-ELISA中病叶粗汁液可被检出的最大稀释度为1∶640。Tissueblot-ELISA中样品一次平切后第1次印迹与Dot-ELISA样品1∶40稀释的结果相当,前4次印迹均可获得满意的显色效果。常规Tissueblot-ELISA的灵敏度低于Dot-ELISA,     

Western blot免疫印迹法检测磷酸化蛋白表达条件优化研究

目的:探讨Western blot免疫印迹法不同转膜方法和不同抗原抗体比例对磷酸化蛋白表达的检测效果。方法:选择肌球蛋白轻链(myosin light chain,MLC)及其磷酸化蛋白作为研究对象,比较半干转印法、湿转法和1:3000、1:5000、1:10000等抗体稀释比例对磷酸化蛋白检测效果的影响。结果:半干转印法(恒压16V,30 min)观察到蛋白信号断续;而同样样品利用湿转法(恒压130 V,1h)检测发现信号连续且强度明显增高;对于磷酸化蛋白,半干转印法无法观察到磷酸化蛋白信号;而同样样品湿转法检测出现连续信号。统一利用湿转方法进行后续蛋白磷酸化检测,当抗体稀释比为1:3000时,结果出现非特异性条带;降低抗体稀释比为1:5000时无非特异性条带,且蛋白信号效果较好;抗体稀释比为1:10000时条带图像出现弥散且背景较高。结论:选择合适的转膜方式和抗原抗体比例有助于磷酸化蛋白表达检测。     

小滴玻璃化法脱除蝴蝶兰种苗建兰花叶病毒的研究

以感染建兰花叶病毒(Cymbidium mosaic virus,CymMV)的蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis aphrodite)品种‘满天红’为试材,通过筛选蔗糖预培养浓度、预培养时间、PVS2(Plant vitrification solution 2,PVS2)处理时间三个关键因素,建立蝴蝶兰茎尖小滴玻璃化超低温脱毒体系,将再生的茎尖诱导类原球茎,再分化成苗,经RT-PCR检测CymMV的脱除情况,阴性结果的再生植株进行增殖和诱导生根。结果显示:最佳预培养为:BM+0.6 mol·L-1蔗糖处理1~2 d,超低温茎尖的成活率为70%~76.7%,再生率为53.3%~56.7%;PVS2最佳处理时间为60~90 min,超低温茎尖的成活率为73.3%~76.7%,再生率为50.0%~56.7%。再生植株经RT-PCR检测,CymMV的脱除率为50%。该研究为兰科植物脱除CymMV提供了理论和技术基础。     

建兰花叶病毒单克隆抗体的制备及检测应用

用建兰花叶病毒(Cymbidium mosaic virus,CymMV)免疫的BALB/C鼠脾细胞与SP2/0鼠骨髓瘤细胞融合,经筛选克隆,获得3株能稳定传代并分泌抗CymMV单克隆抗体(McAb)的杂交瘤细胞(2C6、5B7和12G9),分别制备它们的单抗腹水。其中5B7和12G92株单克隆抗体腹水间接ELISA效价达10-6,3株单抗的抗体类型及亚类均为IgG1,轻链均为κ链。利用单克隆抗体建立了抗原包被间接ELISA(ACP-ELISA)检测CymMV的方法。蝴蝶兰病叶作1∶10240倍稀释、提纯CymMV病毒浓度为4.87ng/mL(每孔的病毒绝对量为0.487ng)时,该方法仍能检测到病毒。利用ACP-ELISA方法检测了田间样品,发现CymMV在兰花上发病很普遍。     

四种血清学方法检测烟草TMV、CMV的比较

本文应用ELISA－异种动物抗体双夹心法（DSM－ELISA）、ELISA－A蛋白酶联法（SPA－ELISA0、ELISA－斑点免疫法（Dot-ELISA)和葡萄球菌凝集法（SA－test)等四种血清学方法检测TMV、CMV感染的烟草病叶,结果以Dot-ELISA法灵敏度最高,其检测病叶粗汁液的稀释度为1：1280－2560,其次是DSM－ELISA和SPA－ELISA,均为1：640,SA－test灵敏度较低,为1：80。SPA－ELISA的非特异性反应比DSM－ELISA低,用健康汁液附抗血清,可以明显降低Dot-ELISA和SA-test的非特异性反应。     

应用斑点法检测植物病毒的研究

应用斑点法检测了病叶粗汁液中的芜菁花叶病毒(TuMV)、大豆花叶病毒(sMV)和黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV),病叶粗汁液可被检测的最大稀释度分别为1:5120、1:2560和1:1280。提纯的大豆花叶病毒和黄瓜花叶病毒可检测的最低限量分别为1.7ng和1.2ng。以牛血清白蛋白、吐温和聚乙烯吡咯啉酮作封闭液,均可获得满意的结果。应用斑点法检测芜菁花叶病毒和大豆花叶病毒时,其抗血清稀释1:500倍可获得满意效果,稀释2000倍仍可用于检测。     

植物病毒检测技术──组织印迹法

组织印迹法（Tissue blotting）是在酶联免疫吸附（Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent Assay ELISA）的基础上发展起来的植物病毒检测技术,该技术不仅保持了ＥＬＩＳＡ对病毒检测的灵敏度高,特异性强的特点,而且大大地简化了操作程序,对病毒的检测更加快速、简单、方便、印迹在硝酸纤维素膜上的样品能保存３个月以上,检测结果能直观地显示出病毒感染的部位。组织印迹技术尤其适用于植物病毒的大规模普查。     

基于磁珠法的荧光定量PCR检测HBV-DNA临床应用评价

目的评价基于磁珠法的荧光定量PCR检测HBV-DNA的临床应用。方法选用磁珠法定量检测试剂和煮沸法定量检测试剂,对一系列临床患者血清标本进行检测,比较两种试剂检出率的差异;通过浓度为1×108的样本的梯度稀释结果考察两者的灵敏度和线性范围。结果 68例临床样本中,磁珠法试剂检测的阳性率为69.12%,煮沸法试剂检测的阳性率为32.35%(P0.05);两种试剂对103IU/m L阳性样本检测结果:y=0.913x-0.261,r=0.919;磁珠法线性范围3.9×(101~108),灵敏度39 IU/m L,煮沸法线性范围2.4×(102~107),灵敏度240 IU/m L。结论磁珠法核酸提取试剂线性范围宽,灵敏度高,临床检出率明显高于煮沸法,对于高浓度和低浓度样本都能准确的定值,适合于乙肝治疗后监测与体检筛查。     

改良抗体结合实验检测灭活狂犬病疫苗效价

目的:建立抗体结合试验检测狂犬病疫苗(aG株)效价的方法。方法:将待检测疫苗与疫苗标准品梯度稀释后分别加入人抗狂犬病毒免疫球蛋白国家标准品中和1 h,之后加入80%感染剂量的狂犬病毒CVS-11,体外中和1h后接种BSR细胞,培养24 h后免疫荧光染色,在显微镜下观察结果,通过检测剩余病毒量计算待检疫苗的效价,同时与小鼠中和试验法(NIH法)测定狂犬病疫苗效价进行比较。结果:2种方法对8个样品效价的检测结果无显著统计学差异(P=0.997,配对t检验)。结论:初步建立了改良抗体结合试验,可用于狂犬病疫苗中间产品的质量控制。     

A dot-ELISA mimicry western blot test for the detection of swine trichinellosis

A dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA) using antigens purified by monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography was developed for detecting Trichinella spiralis infection in swine. The test was as sensitive as an ELISA using excretory-secretory products as antigen and western blot analysis, and nearly as specific as the western blot. The dot-ELISA detected all of 20 low infections (0.08-4.74 larvae per gram of diaphragm), most of them by 5-6 wk postinfection. Sera from 1,960 farm-reared swine were tested by conventional ELISA, dot-ELISA, and western blot. Of the 1,960 sera, 262 (13.4%) were considered positive on conventional ELISA, 16 (0.82%) by dot-ELISA, and 15 (0.77%) by western blot. The improved specificity was achieved by employing species-specific denatured antigens. More importantly, the dot-ELISA was much simpler to perform than western blot analysis. The principles employed in this test can be adapted to other infectious diseases, such as AIDS.     

重组甘蔗花叶病毒E株系外壳蛋白的纯化及其多克隆抗体制备

目的：制备可用于甘蔗花叶病毒（ScMV）E株系（ScMV-E）检测用多克隆抗体。方法：将ScMV-E外壳蛋白（CP）基因连接到pET29a（＋）上,经PCR检测、酶切及测序鉴定获得重组质粒pET29a-CP,在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中诱导表达重组ScMV-E外壳蛋白;采用His Trap Kit纯化目的蛋白,作为抗原免疫新西兰大白兔,制备特异性抗体;通过间接ELISA、Western blot和组织印迹法检测所制备抗体的特异性。结果：SDS-PAGE分析表明,重组融合蛋白含6个组氨酸标记,相对分子质量约43000;Western blot检测显示所获得的抗体特异性良好,间接ELISA法测得血清的效价为1：81 920;甘蔗叶片的组织印迹检测结果显示杂交效果良好。结论：制备的多克隆抗体可直接用于ScMV-E检测,并有望用于制备ScMV-E检测试剂盒。     

Detection of Cymbidium mosaic virus in Protocorm-Like Bodies in Dendrobium Sonia using One-Step RT-PCR

Dendrobium orchids are clonally mass propagated by tissue culture techniques. However, Cymbidium mosaic virus is prevalent in vegetatively propagated Dendrobium spp. Therefore, a sensitive virus detection method is an important requirement for the production of CymMV-free orchid plants and control of virus spreading in the orchid industry. The presence of CymMV was screened in in vitro PLBs of Dendrobium Sonia using a one-step RT-PCR with specific primers to amplify a 858 bp fragment of a CymMV coat protein gene and flanking regions. Results were compared with those obtained from a conventional indirect ELISA. Only 22% samples showed the presence of CymMV in indirect-ELISA as compared to 78% in RT-PCR. Thus, the one-step RT-PCR appears to be a more sensitive method than indirect-ELISA for detecting CymMV in PLBs.     

Cell wall proteins in white clover: influence of plant phosphate status

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) plants were grown in either P-containing liquid media, or in media with the sole source of phosphate removed (P-deprived). At 29 d, plants were harvested and a water-soluble whole tissue extract and an ionically-bound (1 M salt-extractable) cell wall protein extract made from root and leaf tissue. Acid phosphatase activity was highest in all extracts from root and leaf tissue excised from P-deprived plants, with the biggest difference (4.5-fold) in root cell walls. The smallest fold-increase was observed in the leaf water-soluble extract. The relative intensity of several, although not all, acid phosphatase isoenzymes was also highest in extracts from P-deprived plants. Up to the limits of detection used, no new acid phosphatase isoenzymes could be detected in extracts from plants maintained either in P-deprived or P-containing media. The complement of ionically-bound (1 M salt-extractable) cell wall glycoproteins in leaf and root tissue extracts maintained in P-deprived and P-containing media was also compared. Using SDS-PAGE and immuno-recognition with mAb 2.23, a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognises xylose/fucose mixed-type N-linked glycans, glycoproteins of 30 and 31 kDa were identified which were more prevalent in the P-deprived root cell wall. Further, a protein of 60 kDa was identified, which was prevalent in root cell wall extracts from plants maintained in P-containing media. The GNA lectin, which detects oligomannose N-linked structures, identified a glycoprotein of 37 kDa which was more prevalent in the P-deprived root cell wall.     

Development of monoclonal antibody-coated immunomagnetic beads for separation and detection of norovirus (genogroup II) in faecal extract samples

Aims:  The aim of this study is to develop an RT-PCR assay combined with immunomagnetic beads (IMS/RT-PCR) coating monoclonal antibody (Mab) for separation and detection of norovirus (genogroup II) in faecal samples. We furthermore compare its detection limits with IMS/RT-PCR using polyclonal antibody (Pab) and the TRIzol extraction method followed by RT-PCR (TRIzol-RT-PCR).
Methods and Results:  Mab-coated beads and Pab-coated beads were added to a series of tenfold dilutions of faecal extract containing norovirus in 1 ml PBS. After incubation and collection, the RNA was released by heating from virus separated by beads. The tenfold dilutions of faecal were also extracted with TRIzol reagent. The RNA was used as the template for RT-PCR detection (primers: JV12–JV13). IMS/RT-PCR using Mab showed an endpoint in the 10⁻⁷ dilution and was 10² times more sensitive than IMS/RT-PCR using Pab and was at least 10³ times more sensitive than TRIzol-RT-PCR method.
Conclusions:  IMS/RT-PCR using Mab proved to be a more sensitive method of noroviruses (NVs) detection than IMS/RT-PCR using Pab and the TRIzol-RT-PCR method.
Significance and Impact of the Study:  This is the first study to detect NVs with IMS/RT-PCR using Mab, and could serve as a model for future assays when broadly reactive NVs-specific Mabs are developed.     

Renalase's Expression and Distribution in Renal Tissue and Cells

To study renalase''s expression and distribution in renal tissues and cells, renalase coded DNA vaccine was constructed, and anti-renalase monoclonal antibodies were produced using DNA immunization and hybridoma technique, followed by further investigation with immunological testing and western blotting to detect the expression and distribution of renalase among the renal tissue and cells. Anti-renalase monoclonal antibodies were successfully prepared by using DNA immunization technique. Further studies with anti-renalase monoclonal antibody showed that renalase expressed in glomeruli, tubule, mesangial cells, podocytes, renal tubule epithelial cells and its cells supernatant. Renalase is wildly expressed in kidney, including glomeruli, tubule, mesangial cells, podocytes and tubule epithelial cells, and may be secreted by tubule epithelial cells primarily.     

Tissue distribution and ultrastructure of B lymphocytes reacting with the monoclonal antibody anti-Y29/55

The reactivity of normal tonsilar cells with the monoclonal antibody anti-Y29/55 is characterized at the tissue and ultrastructural cytological level. Using an indirect immuno-alkaline phosphatase method on frozen sections the antibody labels mantle zone and germinal center lymphocytes. This staining reaction is more generalized in B-lymphocyte areas than that obtained with antibodies to IgM and IgD. By indirect immunoperoxidase staining, as well as by an indirect rosetting procedure in cell suspensions, the reactive cell population were either small resting lymphocytes or activated lymphocytes corresponding to centrocytes, centroblasts, immunoblasts and plasmoblasts; some plasma cells were also labeled. These results characterize the monoclonal antibody anti-Y29/55 as a pan-B-marker antibody, useful for labeling resting and activated peripheral B-lymphocytes in frozen tissue sections and cell suspensions.