黄河上游玛曲县生态环境问题与综合治理对策

1　自然地理条件概况玛曲县位于甘肃省西南部 ,10 0°4 5′4 5″～ 10 2°2 9′0 0″Ｅ ,33°0 6′30″～ 34°30′15″Ｎ ,土地总面积 1 0 19× 10 4 ｋｍ2 ,是黄河上游以藏民族聚居为主的纯牧业县。阿尼玛卿山、西倾山两大山系主脉形成的西部高山区、中南部阿尼玛卿山东南端和西倾山前山地带丘陵区及黄河沿岸河流阶地构成地形地貌格局[12 ] ,大部分区域海拔 35 0 0～ 380 0ｍ。玛曲属高原大陆性气候 ,年平均气温 1.1℃～2 .7℃ ,年平均降水量 5 0 1.6～ 6 15 .5ｍｍ ,主要集中于 5～ 9月 ,年蒸发量 10 0 0～ 15 0 0ｍｍ[5] 。年平均风速 2…     

浙江仙居俞坑森林群落特征研究

浙江省仙居县俞坑境内由于地形复杂 ,水热条件优越 ,加上以前交通不便 ,限制了人类的频繁活动 ,使原有的植物种类得以保存和发展。这是括苍山系仅存的一片次生湿润常绿阔叶林 ,属中亚热带低海拔地区典型的地带性植被。此地于 1991年建立了县级自然保护区 ,目前对该群落仅在演替方面作过研究[1] 。本文主要对该群落的特征进行研究 ,为这一类型的植被研究和资源保护提供资料。1　自然概况俞坑位于浙江省仙居县境内 ,距括苍山主峰米筛浪约 4 0ｋｍ ,为括苍山尾部。地理位置为 2 8°0′5″Ｎ、12 0°0′5″Ｅ ,面积约 3ｋｍ2 [2 ] ,海拔高度在 4…     

土壤因子对野生植物AM真菌的影响

1　引　　言关于生态因子对ＡＭ真菌发生和分布的影响 ,国内外均有报道[1,2 ,7] ,张美庆等[6] 比较系统地研究了我国东、南沿海七省ＡＭ真菌的生态分布 ;吴铁航[5] 报道了几种土壤因子对栽培作物根围内ＡＭ真菌分布的影响 .本文主要介绍土壤类型、质地、营养状况、ｐＨ等对野生植物根围ＡＭ真菌的侵染、孢子密度和种属分布的影响 .2　研究地区与研究方法2 1　研究地区概况山东省位于 33°2 5′～ 38°2 3′Ｎ ,114°36′～ 12 2°4 3′Ｅ之间 ,属暖温带大陆性季风气候 ,年平均气温 11～ 14℃ ,年平均降水量为 5 5 0～ 95 0ｍｍ .根据地貌不…     

泉州市散白蚁的活动、分飞、危害及其防治

据平正明、何秀松 2 0 0 0年在《中国白蚁志》[1 ]上发表的文章 ,已知我国目前有散白蚁 ( Reti-culitermes) 1 1 1种 ,它分布在我国大江南北的广大地区 ,南起海南省的尖峰岭 (北纬 1 8.5°) ,北至辽宁省的丹东 (北纬 4 0 .1°)都有其活动危害的足迹。福建目前已知的散白蚁也有 1 9种 (黄复生 1 989年 ) [2 ] ,占全国散白蚁种类的 1 1 .1 2 %。泉州 (东经 1 1 7°35′- 1 1 9°0 5′、北纬 2 4°2 3′- 2 5°50′) ,在福建的东南沿海 ,依山面海 ,属海洋性季风气候 ,湿润多雨 ,四季常青 ,年平均气温为 1 8℃ - 2 1℃ ,年降雨量达 1 0 0 0 - 1…     

塔里木沙漠公路灌木固沙带的防护效应

有关湿润区[5] 与半干旱区和干旱区半荒漠带防风固沙片状植被[1～ 4 ] 以及干旱半干旱区乔木防护林带[6～ 9] 防护效益的研究报道较多 ,但极端干旱区灌木固沙带防护效应的报道则很少。为此 ,我们根据塔里木沙漠公路Ｌ2 89～ 2 92 段 3ｋｍ植物固沙示范段的试验观测 ,对极端干旱区灌木固沙带的防护效应做一探讨。1　研究地区与方法1 1　灌木固沙带栽植地段概况塔里木沙漠公路Ｌ2 89～ 2 92 段 3ｋｍ植物固沙示范段地处塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的中三点处 (Ｎ39°0 1′ ,Ｅ83°36′)。风沙地貌属复合型纵向沙垄。据中三点1995年 6月～ 1996年 5月气…     

西藏年楚河流域水土流失及生态重建研究

西藏著名粮仓年楚河流域位于北纬 2 8°10′～2 9°2 0′、东经 88°35′～ 90°15′ ,地处喜马拉雅地质构造区中段。年楚河全长 2 17ｋｍ ,平均坡降 0 .6 1% ,落差达 132 2ｍ ,大致呈东南 西北流向 ,于日喀则附近逆向汇入雅鲁藏布江。行政区划上包括康马、日喀则县大部和江孜、白朗县全部 ,总面积 6 311ｋｍ2 ,耕地面积 4 .70× 10 4 ｈａ ,农业人口 16 .5 9万人 ,分别占西藏自治区的 0 .9% ,13.5 %和 7.7% ,现为国家级农业综合开发区“一江两河”(雅鲁藏布江中游及其支流拉萨河、年楚河流域 )地区的重要组成部分。近年 ,水土流失对生态环…     

泉州市野生观赏植物资源研究(摘要)

泉州市位于亚热带季风性气候区 ,水热条件优越。地处福建省东南部 ,东经 1 1 7°2 5′～ 1 1 9°0 5′,北纬 2 4°30′～ 2 5°5 0′,面积约 1 0 86 5 .87ｋｍ2 。年平均气温 2 0 .6℃ ,最冷 1～ 2月份平均气温 1 0 .5℃ ,最热 7月份平均气温 2 6 .6℃ ,≥ 1 0℃的年积温为 6 480～ 71 0 9℃ ;年降雨量为 1 30 0ｍｍ左右 ,降雨多集中在 3～ 5月 ,8～ 9月有台风降雨。无霜期 2 6 0～35 1天。地貌类型有中山、丘陵、台地、坡麓、平原、海滩等。土壤以红壤、砖壤土为主。泉州市主要植被类型可分 :沿海地区和内陆地区植被。沿海地区包括晋江、石…     

太行山猕猴的肥满度

太行山猕猴自然保护区位于河南省西北部 ,已于 1 998年升格为国家级自然保护区。地理坐标为北纬 3 4°5 4′～ 3 5°2 0′,东经 1 1 0°0 2′～ 1 1 4°1 0′。保护区内生活有国家二级保护动物太行山猕猴约 1 5 0 0余只 ,现已成为我国乃至世界野生猕猴分布的最北限[1 ] 。该种群属华北亚种 (Ｍａｃａｃａｍｕｌａｔｔａｔｃｈｅｌｉｅｎｓｉｓ) ,为我国特产动物 ,不仅在生理、生态、行为、形态等方面与南方种群有明显差异 ,且具有独特的、其它地区猕猴无法替代的遗传多样性[2 ] 。近年来 ,由于环境恶化及诸多人为因素的影响 ,致使该区域猕猴…     

辽西低山丘陵区生态系统退化程度的定量确定

1　引　　言恢复和重建辽宁省西部低山丘陵区退化生态系统一直是科研、管理和生产部门共同关注的焦点 ,很多学者从立地类型划分、树种抗旱性、混交树种的选择等方面做了大量的研究[4 ,6,8,9,11] ,而从生态系统演替的角度出发却研究得不够 ,本研究旨在尝试引入数量分类方法 ,用生境退化程度来定量地刻划生态系统的退化程度 ,以期对本区无林地植被恢复以及现有油松纯林的经营改造提供理论依据 .2　研究地自然概况与研究方法2 1　自然概况辽宁省西部地区位于 118°5 0′2 0″～ 12 0°15′Ｅ ,40°2 4′2 5″～42°34′2 0″Ｎ ;地貌特点是山…     

内蒙古呼伦贝尔盟野菜资源及利用(摘要)

呼伦贝尔盟地处我国东北部 ,东经 1 1 5°31′～ 1 2 6°0 4′,北纬 47°0 5′～ 5 3°2 0′;土地总面积 2 5万ｋｍ2 ,大兴岭山脉贯穿南北 ,将该盟分为岭东和岭西两部分。呼盟属大陆性气候 ,年平均气温岭东2 .2℃ ,岭西 -2 .2℃ ;年降水量岭东 479ｍｍ ,岭西 339ｍｍ ;无霜期岭东 1 2 0天 ,岭西 90～ 1 1 0天。呼盟的野生高等植物的 1 5 0 0余种 (包括变种 ) ,分属 1 1 7科 5 6 0属。其中野菜 1 2 7种 (变种 ) ,分属 2 9科 77属 ,占全盟高等植物总数的 8.4%。按野菜利用程度的不同可以分以下几个类型 :1 .利用程度大、经济价值高的野菜　 (1…     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV