黄河上游玛曲县生态环境问题与综合治理对策

1　自然地理条件概况玛曲县位于甘肃省西南部 ,10 0°4 5′4 5″～ 10 2°2 9′0 0″Ｅ ,33°0 6′30″～ 34°30′15″Ｎ ,土地总面积 1 0 19× 10 4 ｋｍ2 ,是黄河上游以藏民族聚居为主的纯牧业县。阿尼玛卿山、西倾山两大山系主脉形成的西部高山区、中南部阿尼玛卿山东南端和西倾山前山地带丘陵区及黄河沿岸河流阶地构成地形地貌格局12 ] ,大部分区域海拔 35 0 0～ 380 0ｍ。玛曲属高原大陆性气候 ,年平均气温 1.1℃～2 .7℃ ,年平均降水量 5 0 1.6～ 6 15 .5ｍｍ ,主要集中于 5～ 9月 ,年蒸发量 10 0 0～ 15 0 0ｍｍ5] 。年平均风速 2…

Eco-Environment Problems and Comprehensive Controlling Strategieses in Maqu County in the Upper Reaches of Yellow River.

With the abundant natural grassland resources,Maqu County becomes the important stockbreeding base in the upper reaches of Yellow River.Eco environment problems,such as grassland degeneration,land desertification,water and soil loss,and water resource decrease were incurred by population increase and stockbreeding development.Under the trend of global warming,human factors,for example,over loading and grazing,irrational dieforestation,and low input,etc., were the direct and radical reasons to deteriorate the vulnerable ecoenvironment.Technological,legal,administrative and economic measures,such as afforestation,artificial grass planting,grassland water saving irrigation and fertilization,industrial structure,adjustment scientific and technical education,high efficient management and so on,should be taken to control eco environment synthetically in order to realize the favorable circulation of eco system and the sustainable development of regional stockbreeding.