毛萼鞘蕊花甲素的结构

从毛萼鞘蕊花(Coleus esquirolii(L(?)vl. )Dunn.)的茎、叶中分离鉴定了一个新的二萜化合物,毛萼鞘蕊花甲素(对映-17-乙酰氧基-贝壳杉烷-16β-醇),和三个已知化合物,对映-贝壳杉烷-16p,17-二醇,齐墩果酸和β-谷甾醇。     

黄鞘蕊花中的艾里莫芬烷型倍半萜(英文)

从黄鞘蕊花 (ColeusxanthanthusC .Y .WuetY .C .Huang)的乙酸乙酯部分首次分离得到 3个艾里莫芬烷型倍半萜类化合物 ( 1～ 3) ,其结构由NMR波谱技术及单晶X衍射分析确定。其中 ,化合物 1为新化合物 ,命名为 8,9_断裂_艾里莫芬_1 ( 1 0 ) ,7( 1 1 )_二烯_8,1 2_内酯_9_酸。首次对化合物 2 ( 2 ,9_二氧代优瑞坡森 )和 3( 9_氧代宽眼菊素 )的1H NMR和13C NMR谱进行了全归属。     

黄鞘蕊花中的艾里莫芬烷部半萜

从黄鞘蕊花（Coleus xanthanthus C.Y.Wu et Y.C.Huang)的乙酸乙酯部分首次分离得到3个艾里莫芬烷型倍半萜类化合物（1－3）,其结构由NMR波谱技术及单晶X衍射分析确定,其中,化合物1为新化合物,命名为8,9－断裂－艾里莫芬－1（10）,7（11）－二烯8,12－内酯－9－酸,首次对化合物2（2,9－二氧代优瑞坡森）和3（9－氧代宽眼菊素）的^1H-NMR和^13C-NMR谱进行了全归属。     

黄鞘蕊花中两个新的醌式二萜

从黄鞘蕊花中得到２个新的醌式二萜（二聚体）,黄鞘蕊花乙素,黄鞘蕊花丙素和２个已知化合物蒲公英萜醇,齐墩果酸。     

毛喉鞘蕊花的化学成分

从毛喉鞘蕊花分离得到两个新二萜醌 :鞘蕊酮S(1) ,鞘蕊酮T(2 )和六个已知成分 :α 雪松醇 ,愈创木酚甘油醚 ,芫花素 ,鞘蕊醇B ,β 谷甾醇 ,豆甾醇。依据光谱和化学方法 ,它们的化学结构已被鉴定     

贵州鼠尾草化学成分的研究

从贵州鼠尾草95%乙醇提取物分离得到8个化合物,通过理化性质及波谱方法分别鉴定为正三十三烷(1),十二烷酸十四烷酯(2),β-谷甾醇(3),胡萝卜苷(4),乌苏酸(5),2 a,3β-二羟基乌苏酸(6),白桦酸(7)和迷迭香酸(8)。以上化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到。     

弯蕊开口箭中的多羟基甾体皂甙元

从弯蕊开口箭(Tupistra wattii Hook. f.)的新鲜根茎中分离出2个新的多羟基甾体皂甙元,分别命名为弯蕊皂甙元B (wattigenin B) (1) 和弯蕊皂甙元C (wattigenin C) (2), 同时分离到2个已知的甾体皂甙元--凯替皂甙元kitigenin (3)和铃兰皂甙元B (convallagenin B) (4).通过波谱解析鉴定了这4个皂甙元的结构,并测定了它们在体外对肿瘤细胞K562和A2780a的细胞毒活性.化合物1～4为首次从该种植物中分离得到.     

中国一些植物名称的修正

本文认为黄花长蕊草Changruicaoia flaviflora Z.Y.Zhu应是尖齿异野芝麻Helerolamium debile(Hemsl.)C.Y.Wuvar.tochauese(Kudo)C.Y.Wu的异名,Xizangia bartschioides(Hand,-Mazz.)D.Y.Hong为一晚出同名应予废弃,川八角莲的正确名称应是Dysosma delavayi(Fanch.)Hu。     

长江中游湖泊不同鱼类养殖方式对浮游植物群落的影响（英文）

为研究水产养殖对湖泊生态系统的影响,于2015年7月至9月对长江中游23个湖泊的浮游植物群落及生物多样性情况进行了调查,所研究的湖泊包括以下4组:水库组(A组)、禁养组(B组)、低密度养殖组(C组)、高密度养殖组(D组)。结果显示, 4组湖泊的优势类群间存在一定差异。A组优势种有假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena,Y=0.642, Y为优势度)、浮鞘丝藻(Planktolyngbya, Y=0.064), B组优势种有平裂藻(Merismopedia, Y=0.428)、浮鞘丝藻(Planktolyngbya, Y=0.118)、假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena, Y=0.133)、栅藻(Scenedesmus, Y=0.066), C组优势种为假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaen, Y=0.395)、平裂藻(Merismopedia, Y=0.097)、浮鞘丝藻(Planktolyngbya,Y=0.122), D组的优势种为平裂藻(Merismopedia, Y=0.308)、微囊藻(Microcystis, Y=0.118)、假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena, Y=0.077)。A组浮游植物丰度显著低于B组、C组及D组(P0.05)。各组间浮游植物群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数及Pielou均匀度指数均不存在明显差异。研究表明鱼类养殖对湖泊浮游植物的丰度及优势类群会产生影响,对湖泊生态系统的管理具有一定的参考意义。     

长江中游湖泊不同鱼类养殖方式对浮游植物群落的影响

为研究水产养殖对湖泊生态系统的影响, 于2015年7月至9月对长江中游23个湖泊的浮游植物群落及生物多样性情况进行了调查, 所研究的湖泊包括以下4组: 水库组(A组)、禁养组(B组)、低密度养殖组(C组)、高密度养殖组(D组)。结果显示, 4组湖泊的优势类群间存在一定差异。A组优势种有假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena, Y=0.642, Y为优势度)、浮鞘丝藻(Planktolyngbya, Y=0.064), B组优势种有平裂藻(Merismopedia, Y=0.428)、浮鞘丝藻(Planktolyngbya, Y=0.118)、假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena, Y=0.133)、栅藻(Scenedesmus, Y=0.066), C组优势种为假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaen, Y=0.395)、平裂藻(Merismopedia, Y=0.097)、浮鞘丝藻(Planktolyngbya, Y=0.122), D组的优势种为平裂藻(Merismopedia, Y=0.308)、微囊藻(Microcystis, Y=0.118)、假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena, Y=0.077)。A组浮游植物丰度显著低于B组、C组及D组(P<0.05)。各组间浮游植物群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数及Pielou均匀度指数均不存在明显差异。研究表明鱼类养殖对湖泊浮游植物的丰度及优势类群会产生影响, 对湖泊生态系统的管理具有一定的参考意义。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV