抑制性消减杂交法筛选炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1中抗生素合成相关基因

为了筛选炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1中抗生素合成相关基因,本研究以培养36 h(抗生素分泌前)的炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1菌体所合成c DNA为Driver,以培养108 h(抗生素分泌后)的菌体所合成的c DNA为Tester,构建炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1分泌抗生素前后的差异c DNA消减文库,筛选差异表达基因,荧光定量PCR验证其表达量,生物信息学方法分析其功能。研究结果表明,经抑制性消减杂交筛选得到5个与抗生素合成相关的差异表达基因;比照炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1全基因组序列,将所获5个基因定位到4个生物合成基因簇中,最后确定了炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1中抗生素生物合成相关的基因簇。本研究为阐明炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1中抗生素的生物合成机制提供了实验依据。     

炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1抗生素合成的转录组学分析

炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1是一株具有广谱抗菌活性的放线菌。为了揭示炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1中抗生素合成机制,本研究采用测序平台Illumina Hiseq 2000分别测定炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1发酵过程中分泌大量抗生素前(发酵36 h)、后(发酵108 h)的c DNA文库序列,分析其差异表达基因。研究表明:抗生素大量分泌前后的炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1的转录组测序分别产出2.36 G和2.80 G的数据,其有效序列接近100%,测序数据已提交到NCBI Sequence Read Archive数据库,获登录号SRP066689。分析两转录组的差异表达基因,得到炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1中抗生素大量合成前后的差异表达基因1 072个,其中包括573个表达上调的基因,499个表达下调的基因。将上调表达基因中的前30个差异最显著的基因定位到炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1基因组中的13个基因簇,并从中筛选到与抗生素合成相关基因簇4个。     

炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1基因打靶载体的构建

小单孢菌属放线菌是许多生物活性物质的重要来源,但自然条件下小单孢菌的活性产物产率普遍偏低,基因编辑与改造对提高小单孢菌属放线菌活性产物的产率具有重要意义。然而,有效的遗传转化体系成为小单孢菌属放线菌基因编辑改造的瓶颈。炭样小单孢菌JXUN-1是实验室从南昌瑶湖农田土壤样品中分离到的一株具有广谱抗菌活性的放线菌,其基因组具有GC含量高的特点。本研究以敲除炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1中抗生素合成相关基因P450为例,以温敏型质粒pKC1139为模板,构建了炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1 P450基因打靶载体p FD306,然后通过电转化将pFD306导入炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1新鲜菌丝体内,通过双交换获得基因缺失株炭样小单孢菌JXNU-ΔP450,最后通过PCR验证了菌株P450基因的缺失,表明炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1基因打靶载体pFD306构建成功。本研究确证了质粒pKC1139可以用于炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1基因组的编辑,为炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1抗生素合成相关基因的筛选及其功能研究提供有效帮助。     

炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1产抗生素JX对嗜根考克氏菌肽聚糖合成的影响及其机理

为了揭示一株具有广谱抗菌活性炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1产的核苷类抗生素JX对嗜根考克氏菌肽聚糖合成的影响,本研究采用超声破壁、称重法研究抗生素对嗜根考克氏菌细胞壁含量变化,采用iTRAQ技术对抗生素处理前、后嗜根考克氏菌的蛋白质组进行比较分析。结果显示,在抗生素JX作用下,嗜根考克氏菌细胞分裂被抑制,细胞壁含量升高;iTRAQ技术鉴定了抗生素胁迫下的嗜根考克氏菌细胞中的1 780个蛋白,其中差异表达蛋白149个,包括表达上调蛋白106个,表达下调蛋白43个,上调表达蛋白中包括有一与肽聚糖合成的相关酶MurG。本研究为揭示炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1产抗生素JX的抗菌作用机制提供了基础数据。     

一株具有广谱抗菌活性炭样小单孢菌的全基因组序列测定

【目的】炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1是一株具有广谱抗菌活性的放线菌,研究揭示该菌的基因组序列信息。【方法】采用高通量测序技术对炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1的基因组DNA测序,利用SOAPdenovo软件组装,人工PCR修补基因组部分缺口,然后进行生物信息学分析。【结果】对炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1的全基因组序列进行了测定和注释,得到基因组精细图,相关序列已提交GenBank,获得登录号为JXSX00000000。【结论】研究为揭示炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1抗生素产生机制及其抗菌机理提供了基础数据,对进一步研发其抗生素具有重要的理论意义和巨大的应用价值。     

炭样小单孢菌产抗生素对水稻细菌性条斑病菌的抗菌作用及其机理

【背景】水稻细菌性条斑病菌为水稻细菌性条斑病的病原菌,土壤中分离到的一株具有广谱抗菌活性的炭样小单孢菌JXNU-1,其发酵产物(即抗生素JX)对植物病原菌具有较强的抑菌活性。【目的】研究抗生素JX对水稻细菌性条斑病菌的抗菌作用及其机理。【方法】采用杯碟法测定抑菌圈大小,二倍稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度、最低杀菌浓度,并且从菌体形态观察、电导率变化、培养液大分子漏出、蛋白质合成、核酸合成和膜电位变化6个方面探究其作用机理。【结果】抗生素JX对水稻细菌性条斑病菌的抑菌圈直径达18.84±0.28mm,最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度分别为1.39μg/m L和2.78μg/mL,且杀菌速度很快,作用12 h的杀菌率达100%。在抗生素JX作用下,水稻细菌性条斑病菌的细胞形态发生改变,培养液电导率、膜电位和大分子漏出量均随抗生素浓度增加而增大,但菌体蛋白质含量随着抗生素浓度增加而降低,同时,通过实时荧光定量PCR方法检测发现ef-p表达量下调。【结论】抗生素JX对水稻细菌性条斑病菌具有较强的抗菌作用,推测其抑菌机理是通过抑制菌体蛋白质的生物合成和影响细胞膜完整性而起作用。     

灰黄霉素高产菌F208发酵过程蛋白质表达差异的研究

目的 为探寻灰黄霉素生物合成过程中的关键酶,以蛋白质组学技术手段分析灰黄霉素高产菌F208发酵过程蛋白质表达差异.方法 通过双向电泳联用质谱技术对F208发酵过程蛋白质组图谱进行比较分析.结果 研究发现灰黄霉素产生期( 192 h)F208表达的蛋白质与产生前期(72 h)有较大差异,并鉴定出在灰黄霉素产生高峰期蛋白表达量明显增加的两个特异点是丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶和S-腺苷甲硫氨酸合成酶.结论 成功建立灰黄青霉菌丝体总蛋白双向电泳技术体系.并鉴定出两个蛋白特异点,极可能与灰黄霉素生物合成有关.     

蛹虫草原基分化的差异蛋白质组学研究

蛹虫草子实体形成及发育的蛋白分子机制尚不清楚,本研究引入SWATH非标记定量蛋白质组学技术,对蛹虫草Cordyceps militaris 905菌株的菌丝体（mycelium,My）、原基（primordium,Po）、生长期子实体（developmental fruiting body,DF）和成熟期子实体（mature fruiting body,MF）进行了比较蛋白质组学分析。经搜库比对,从蛹虫草的My、Po、DF和MF中依次鉴定蛋白1 136个、1 090个、1 018个和997个（global FDR 1%）,经维恩分析后获得C. militaris 905蛹虫草表达蛋白1 578个。在此基础上,SWATH非标记技术定量蛋白1 109个。本研究获得了蛹虫草Po期与My期、DF期与Po期、MF期与DF期的差异表达蛋白,依次为115个、352个和104个,并对菌丝体分化形成原基的差异表达蛋白进行了重点解析。GO注释结果表明,Po期与My期差异表达蛋白以有机含氮类化合物代谢为主,其中AMP（活性成分虫草素合成的中间产物）从头生物合成途径富集最为显著。约1/5的差异表达蛋白参与氧化还原反应,还原酶活性的蛋白在原基中几乎都上调表达,而氧化功能的蛋白受到抑制,表明蛹虫草原基分化可能受到氧化应激的诱导。蛋白互作网络分析结果进一步表明,氧化还原反应与核苷类物质代谢相关联,可能通过影响AMP从头生物合成途径来调控虫草素的生物合成。对蛹虫草子实体系统的蛋白质组学研究和解析有利于揭示子实体形成的蛋白分子机制,为蛹虫草的基础和栽培研究提供了理论支撑。     

蜜环菌菌索分化的差异蛋白质组学研究

菌索是蜜环菌与宿主互作的组织结构,蜜环菌菌丝形成菌索的分子机制尚不清楚。本研究采用SWATH-MS^ALL非标记定量蛋白质组学技术,首次对Armillaria mellea菌丝形成菌索过程的蛋白质组学进行了系统研究。在蜜环菌菌丝和菌索中共鉴定蛋白1 724个（global FDR 1%）,定量蛋白1 179个。与菌丝相比,蜜环菌菌索差异表达蛋白640个（上调表达256个,下调表达384个）。差异表达蛋白GO注释结果表明,蜜环菌菌索分化的生物学过程较复杂,差异蛋白参与的主要生物学过程包括有机含氮化合物代谢、有机物生物合成、小分子代谢、氧化还原反应等。分子功能富集结果提示,电子转运活性的富集因子最高,而氧化还原反应的富集P值最显著,这与KEGG注释的氧化磷酸化代谢活跃的结果一致。进一步的推测分析表明,蜜环菌菌丝形成菌索可能是受到氧化应激所致,菌索的形成可能促使诸如硫氧还蛋白样等毒力蛋白和富马酸的合成和释放增多,抑制宿主免疫而有利于蜜环菌侵染和定植于宿主。因此,对差异蛋白质组的进一步研究和深入解析不仅有利于揭示蜜环菌菌索形成的蛋白分子机制,同时也具有较强的理论和现实意义。     

基于iTRAQ技术分析模拟空间诱变酵母菌株的差异蛋白表达

目的：探究模拟空间诱变处理后,生长速率提高的酿酒酵母细胞的诱变机制。方法：采用同位素标记相对和绝对定量（iTRAQ）技术对模拟空间诱变处理前后的酿酒酵母进行定量蛋白质组学研究,探讨对照组与诱变组在蛋白质组表达水平上的差异,以及受影响的生物功能。结果：共鉴定到764个差异蛋白,占检测蛋白总数的15.54%。其中,上调差异表达蛋白378个、下调差异表达蛋白386个,主要涉及细胞核、线粒体、核糖体和质膜等重要细胞器和细胞结构。结论：提高重要代谢的效率、降低DNA修复功能与环境防御能力,可能是模拟空间诱变提高酿酒酵母细胞生长速率的重要机制之一。     

The proteomic profile of hereditary inclusion body myopathy

Hereditary inclusion body myopathy (HIBM) is an adult onset, slowly progressive distal and proximal myopathy. Although the causing gene, GNE, encodes for a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of sialic acid, its primary function in HIBM remains unknown. The goal of this study was to unravel new clues on the biological pathways leading to HIBM by proteomic comparison. Muscle cultures and biopsies were analyzed by two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and the same biopsy extracts by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ). Proteins that were differentially expressed in all HIBM specimens versus all controls in each analysis were identified by mass spectrometry. The muscle cultures 2-DE analysis yielded 41 such proteins, while the biopsies 2-DE analysis showed 26 differentially expressed proteins. Out of the 400 proteins identified in biopsies by iTRAQ, 41 showed altered expression. In spite of the different nature of specimens (muscle primary cultures versus muscle biopsies) and of the different methods applied (2D gels versus iTRAQ) the differentially expressed proteins identified in each of the three analyses where related mainly to the same pathways, ubiquitination, stress response and mitochondrial processes, but the most robust cluster (30%) was assigned to cytoskeleton and sarcomere organization. Taken together, these findings indicate a possible novel function of GNE in the muscle filamentous apparatus that could be involved in the pathogenesis of HIBM.     

Possible target‐related proteins and signal network of bufalin in A549 cells suggested by both iTRAQ‐based and label‐free proteomic analysis

Bufalin (BF) exhibited antiproliferation and antimigration effects on human A549 lung cancer cells. To search its target‐related proteins, protein expression profiles of BF‐treated and control cells were compared using two quantitative proteomic methods, iTRAQ‐based and label‐free proteomic analysis. A total of 5428 proteins were identified in iTRAQ‐based analysis while 6632 proteins were identified in label‐free analysis. The number of common identified proteins of both methods was 4799 proteins. By application of 1.20‐fold for upregulated and 0.83‐fold for downregulated cutoff values, 273 and 802 differentially expressed proteins were found in iTRAQ‐based and label‐free analysis, respectively. The number of common differentially expressed proteins of both methods was 45 proteins. Results of bioinformational analysis using Metacore^TM showed that the two proteomic methods were complementary and both suggested the involvement of oxidative stress and regulation of gene expression in the effects of BF, and fibronectin‐related pathway was suggested to be an important pathway affected by BF. Western blotting assay results confirmed BF‐induced change in levels of fibronectin and other related proteins. Overexpression of fibronectin by plasmid transfection ameliorated antimigration effects of BF. Results of the present study provided information about possible target‐related proteins and signal network of BF.     

iTRAQ-based proteomic profiling of a Microbacterium sp. strain during benzo(a)pyrene removal under anaerobic conditions

This study focused on the protein expression of a Microbacterium sp. strain that utilized various concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) as the sole source of carbon and energy under anaerobic conditions. A total of 1539 protein species were quantified by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled with LC-MS/MS. GO, COG, and pathway enrichment analysis showed that most proteins demonstrated catalytic and binding functions and were mainly involved in metabolic processes, cellular processes, and single-organism processes. Sixty-two proteins were found in their abundances in BaP-stress conditions different from normal conditions. These proteins function in the metabolic pathways; the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, the biosynthesis of antibiotics, microbial metabolism in diverse environments, carbon metabolism, and the biosynthesis of amino acids were markedly altered. Furthermore, enoyl-CoA hydratase was proposed to be a key protein during BaP removal of the Microbacterium sp. strain. This study provides a powerful platform for the further exploration of BaP removal, and the differentially expressed proteins provide insight into the mechanism of the BaP removal pathway.

     

Quantitative proteome analysis of ovarian cancer tissues using a iTRAQ approach

Quantitative proteomics can be used as a screening tool for identification of differentially expressed proteins as potential biomarkers for cancers. Here, we comparatively analyzed the proteome profiles of ovarian cancer tissues and normal ovarian epithelial tissues. Using the high‐throughput proteomic technology of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)‐coupled with two‐dimensional‐liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry, 1,259 unique proteins were identified. Of those, 205 were potentially differentially expressed between ovarian cancer and normal ovarian tissues. Several of the potentially differentially expressed proteins were validated by Western blotting and real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR analyses. Furthermore, up‐regulation of KRT8, PPA1, IDH2, and S100A11 were validated in ovarian tissue microarrays by immunohistochemistry. Silencing of S100A11 expression suppressed the migration and invasion properties of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Our study represents the successful application of iTRAQ technology to an investigation of ovarian cancer. Many of the potentially differentially expressed proteins identified had not been linked to ovarian cancer before, and provide valuable novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of carcinogenesis in human ovarian cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3762–3772, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

相对定量分析异烟肼、链霉素单耐药与多耐药结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的蛋白质组差异

【目的】探讨异烟肼(isoniazid,INH)、链霉素(streptomycin,SM)单耐药结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,MTB)与INH/SM多耐药MTB蛋白质组差异。【方法】应用i TRAQ结合Nano LC-MS/MS定量蛋白质组学技术,分析临床分离INH、SM或INH/SM耐药MTB与H37Rv标准株间均表达差异蛋白;并以INH/SM耐药MTB与H37Rv比值为对照,相对定量分析单耐药与多耐药MTB蛋白表达差异倍数;运用DAVID 6.7分析差异蛋白生物功能;STITCH 5.0分析差异蛋白与INH和SM相互作用。【结果】与H37Rv标准株比较,58个蛋白在INH、SM耐药与INH/SM耐药MTB间均有表达差异,共同差异蛋白生物功能主要为氧化还原酶活性和转移酶活性;主要参与丙酸代谢信号通路。共同差异蛋白中,与INH/SM耐药MTB比较,Rv2986c和Rv1908c在INH、SM耐药MTB均表达上调1.25倍;Rv3133c和Rv0577则均表达下调0.7倍;生物信息学预测发现以上4种蛋白可直接或间接与INH、SM进行相互作用。【结论】INH、SM单耐药和INH/SM多耐药MTB蛋白表达谱有较大差异,蛋白Rv2986c、Rv1908c、Rv3133c和Rv0577表达水平及相互作用可能与INH和SM耐药有关。