灵芝多糖对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤免疫系统的影响

目的:观察灵芝多糖对荷瘤小鼠免疫系统的影响.方法:纯系BALB/c小鼠30只,用U14瘤细胞荷瘤建立动物模型,随机平均分为三组:灵芝多糖治疗组、环磷酰胺治疗组、生理盐水对照组.观察灵芝多糖对荷瘤小鼠NK细胞活性、淋巴细胞转化率、TNF-α等免疫指标的影响.结果:灵芝多糖能够显著提高治疗组小鼠的NK细胞活性、淋巴细胞转化率和血清中TNF-α、IL-2的含量.结论:灵芝多糖能够显著提荷瘤小鼠免疫系统的活性.     

香菇C91-3菌丝发酵蛋白对S180小鼠细胞免疫功能和IFN-γ及TNF-α的作用

目的观察香菇C91-3菌丝发酵蛋白对荷瘤小鼠免疫系统的作用。方法昆明小鼠24只,S180瘤细胞荷瘤建立动物模型,随机平均分为3组：香菇C91-3菌丝发酵蛋白治疗组、环磷酰胺治疗组、生理盐水对照组。观察香菇C91-3菌丝发酵蛋白对荷瘤小鼠NK细胞活性、淋巴细胞转化率、IFN-γ和TNF-α等免疫指标的影响。结果香菇C91-3菌丝发酵蛋白能够显著提高治疗组小鼠的NK细胞活性、淋巴细胞转化率和血清中IFN-γ和TNF-α的含量。结论香菇C91-3菌丝发酵蛋白能够显著提高荷瘤小鼠免疫系统的活性。     

羧甲基茯苓多糖的制备及体内抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

目的 :探讨羧甲基茯苓多糖的制备方法及体内抗肿瘤作用。方法 :选择性氧化茯苓菌发酵液得羧甲基茯苓多糖 ,检测三个剂量的羧甲基茯苓多糖 (2 mg/ ml、4mg/ ml、6mg/ ml)对 H2 2 荷瘤小鼠淋巴细胞转化率和 NK细胞杀伤活性以及血清中 TNF-α含量的影响。结果 :羧甲基茯苓多糖三个剂量组均可提高荷瘤小鼠的淋巴细胞转化率和 NK细胞杀伤活性 ,与生理盐水组相比差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5) ,中剂量组抗肿瘤的效果显著 ,与其他两组相比差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5) ;羧甲基茯苓多糖三个剂量组均可提高荷瘤小鼠血清中 TNF-α的含量 ,与生理盐水组相比差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5) ,但三个剂量组之间比较差异无显著性 (P<0 .0 5)。结论 :羧甲基茯苓多糖可改善荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能 ,具有抗肿瘤作用 ,且功效与作用剂量间有一定的关系 ,在最佳剂量时活性最高     

香菇C91-3菌丝发酵液蛋白LFP91-3C小鼠体内抗肿瘤免疫机制研究

目的探讨香菇C91-3菌丝发酵液蛋白LFP91-3C的体内抗肿瘤免疫机制。方法H22瘤细胞荷瘤纯系BALB／C小鼠建立动物模型,随机分为生理盐水（NS）对照组、环磷酰胺（CTX）治疗组和LFP91-3C治疗组,观察LFP91-3C对荷瘤小鼠生存期、实体瘤块生长抑制及病理、荷瘤小鼠免疫细胞（NK细胞活性、淋巴细胞增殖率）和免疫因子（血清IL-2、IFN-γ含量）的影响。结果LFP91-3C能显著延长荷瘤小鼠的生存期,抑制实体肿瘤的生长,可在病理切片看到大量的炎细胞浸润,以及NK细胞活性、淋巴细胞增殖率、血清IL-2和IFN-γ含量也显著提高。与NS对照组和CTX治疗组比较差异有显著性。结论LFP91-3C能通过激活机体免疫系统来实现其抗肿瘤的作用。     

软骨多糖对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能影响的初步研究

目的研究软骨多糖对荷瘤小鼠的作用,并探讨其对免疫功能的影响。方法采用小鼠肉瘤S180细胞建立动物腹水瘤模型,然后随机将小鼠分为生理盐水对照组和软骨多糖给药组,连续腹腔注射生理盐水或软骨多糖,分别测量ConA和LPS刺激下小鼠脾细胞淋巴增殖情况、外周血NK细胞的活性,及外周血单个核细胞E花环形成率。结果软骨多糖能刺激淋巴细胞增殖,明显提高NK细胞的活性,提高E花环形成率。结论软骨多糖能通过增强S180荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能而抑制肿瘤的生长。     

灵芝多糖抗肿瘤作用的初步探讨

目的 :初步探讨灵芝多糖对小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用。方法 :观察灵芝多糖对 S180 、U14腹水型荷瘤小鼠生存期的影响 ,了解灵芝多糖对 S180 、U14、H2 2 肿瘤细胞有无直接杀伤作用 ,以寻找治疗肿瘤的新方法。结果 :灵芝多糖能够显著延长荷瘤小鼠的生存期 (P<0 .0 5) ,治疗组小鼠的生存期比对照组小鼠的生存期明显延长 ,但是灵芝多糖对肿瘤细胞无直接杀伤作用 (P<0 .0 5)。结论 :灵芝多糖抗肿瘤作用是通过机体的免疫系统介导的。     

火针层孔菌（桑黄）粗多糖对荷瘤小鼠的免疫调节研究

研究了火针层孔菌不同粗多糖对荷瘤小鼠的免疫调节作用。荷瘤小鼠随机分为四组:胞外粗多糖组、菌丝体粗多糖组、子实体粗多糖组和生理盐水阴性对照组。给药10d后测定荷瘤小鼠脾NK细胞活性和脾淋巴细胞的增殖率。结果显示火针层孔菌粗多糖组与阴性对照组相比能够提高小鼠脾NK细胞活性和脾淋巴细胞的增殖率(P<0.01),表明火针层孔菌液体发酵粗多糖和子实体粗多糖对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能均有调节作用。     

大豆皂苷对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的：观察大豆皂苷（soyasaponins,SS）对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法：建立S180荷瘤小鼠模型,随机分为模型对照组、环磷酰胺组（CTX）组（20mg／kg）、SS低、中、高剂量组（10、20、30mg／kg）,每组12只。连续给药15天后处死小鼠,测量小鼠免疫器官指数、淋巴细胞转化率（采用MTT法）、溶血空斑数（采用Jeme改良玻片法）、巨噬细胞吞噬功能（采用半体内法）以及NK细胞活性（采用乳酸脱氢酶法）。结果：SS中、高剂量组提高小鼠脾脏指数、脾淋巴细胞转化率、溶血空斑数、巨噬细胞吞噬率及吞噬指数、NK细胞活性,与模型对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。与模型对照组比较,SS各剂量组胸腺指数无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：一定剂量的SS具有增强荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的作用,从而发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

海胆黄多糖SEP对S180的体内抑制作用

研究海胆黄多糖SEP对S180肉瘤的抑制作用及初步机制。MTT法检测SEP对体外培养的S180细胞生长的抑制作用;建立小鼠S180肉瘤模型观察SEP抗肿瘤活性;检测SEP协同ConA/LPS刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖作用;同时,考察SEP对NK细胞和杀伤性T淋巴细胞(cytotoxic T lym-phocyte,CTL)活性的影响;碳粒廓清检测SEP对小鼠单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响。研究表明,海胆黄多糖SEP高中低剂量(16、8、4 mg/kg)显著抑制小鼠180实体瘤生长,增加小鼠脾指数和胸腺指数,协同ConA/LPS刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖,提高小鼠NK细胞和CTL活性,增强小鼠单核巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,通过免疫调节提高小鼠免疫功能达到抑制S180作用。     

灵芝多糖对小鼠细胞免疫功能调节作用的实验研究

研究灵芝多糖 (GLB7)对小鼠细胞免疫功能调节作用的影响。实验小鼠分成 4组 ,分别经胃灌注不同剂量 (高、中、低 )灵芝多糖 ,每天 1次 ,连续 14d ,对照组小鼠用以等量蒸馏水代替。分别于实验第 15 ,2 8d进行小鼠细胞免疫功能调节作用的测试。灵芝多糖喂药后 2周 ,3个剂量组小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化试验、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对鸡血红细胞的吞噬百分率和吞噬指数 ;低剂量组小鼠迟发型变态反应 (DTH)、小鼠碳廓清 ;高剂量组小鼠NK细胞活性和对照组比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。喂药后 4周 :上述实验结果和对照组比较均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结果提示灵芝多糖能提高小鼠的非特异性和特异性细胞免疫功能。     

Induction of potent anti-tumor immunity by direct injection of Ad-LIGHT at the site of tumor inoculation

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to observe the therapeutic effects of adenovirus-mediated LIGHT gene transfer in murine B16 melanoma in vivo. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were inoculated subcutaneously with B16 cells to establish the murine melanoma model. The tumor-bearing mice were injected at the site of tumor inoculation with recombinant adenoviral vectors expressing the murine LIGHT gene. The tumor growth and survival period of tumor-bearing mice were observed. The splenic NK and CTL activity were measured in vitro by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. The amounts of cytokines were determined with ELISA kits. RESULTS: The LIGHT gene could be efficiently transduced into tumor tissue after injection of Ad-LIGHT. Treatment with Ad-LIGHT significantly inhibited the tumor growth and prolonged the survival period of the tumor-bearing mice. The splenic NK and CTL activity of the mice was also enhanced after LIGHT gene transfer. The production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma from lymphocytes derived from mice treated with Ad-LIGHT was increased significantly compared with control groups. DISCUSSION: Our results indicate that local expression of the LIGHT gene can induce potent anti-tumor immunity and may be a promising treatment strategy for melanoma.     

Augmentation of natural cell activity in tumor-bearing and normal mice by MVE-2

Summary Mice bearing advanced Lewis lung carcinoma were found to have significantly decreased natural killer (NK) cell activity in spleen and blood. The same pattern of lowered spontaneous NK cell activity was observed in nude mice with advanced human colon carcinoma LS 174 and in C3H mammary tumor virus-positive mice that spontaneously developed mammary adenocarcinomas. Maleic anhydride divinyl ether (MVE-2) usually augments NK cell activity in normal mice. We found that the lower level of spontaneous NK cell activity in tumor-bearing mice could be boosted by a single injection of MVE-2; however, this response was much weaker than that observed in age-matched normal mice. Multiple treatments with MVE-2 which are known to induce hyporesponsiveness to further augmentation of NK cell activity in spleen and blood of normal mice, also produced NK cell hyporesponsiveness in the spleen, bone marrow, and blood of tumor-bearing mice.Wladyslaw Budzynski is a guest researcher in the Preclinical Screening Laboratory from the Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Czerska Street 12, Wroclaw, Poland     

酵母多糖对S_(180)荷瘤小鼠抗氧化作用和免疫机能的影响

目的:研究酵母多糖(zymosan)对S180荷瘤小鼠抗氧化状态和免疫功能的影响。方法:将昆明小鼠70只随机分为7组,第1组作为正常组,另6组将S180瘤细胞悬液接种于小鼠右前肢腋皮下制备荷瘤小鼠动物模型,分为zymosan低、中、高剂量组和环磷酰胺(Cy)组、肿瘤对照组及zymosan联合Cy治疗组,灌胃第7 d接种S180瘤,第19 d后测定小鼠肝匀浆中丙二醛(MDA)含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力,评价zymosan对小鼠抗氧化能力的作用。采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测IL-2、TNF-α、TGF-β1mRNA的表达,评价zymosan对小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果:zymosan各剂量组均能提高肝脏中GSH-Px活性和SOD活力,但zymosan高剂量组显著降低MDA水平(P<0.01)。zymosan各剂量组荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织内TNF-α、IL-2 mRNA相对表达量明显高于Cy组和肿瘤对照组(P<0.01),同时下调TGF-β1水平。zymosan高剂量对小鼠S180瘤有明显抑制作用,且与Cy合用后有协同作用,并提高了小鼠的TNF-α、IL-2 mRNA的表达。结论:zymosan的抑瘤机制可能主要是抗氧化作用和免疫调节作用,且作用与剂量有关。     

Anti-hepatoma activity in mice of a polysaccharide from the rhizome of Anemone raddeana

A neutral polysaccharide fraction (ARP) prepared from the rhizome of Anemone raddeana was tested for its anticancer activity in H22 tumor-bearing mice by oral administration. ARP could not only significantly inhibit the growth of H22 transplantable tumor, but also remarkably promote splenocytes proliferation, NK cell and CTL activity, as well as serum IL-2 and TNF-α production in tumor-bearing mice. In addition, ARP treatment to tumor bearing mice had no toxicity to body weight, the liver and kidney. Moreover it could reverse the hematological parameters induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to near normal. The above results suggested that the antitumor activity of ARP might be achieved by improving immune response, and they could act as antitumor agent with immunomodulatory activity.     

Tumor growth decreases NK and B cells as well as common lymphoid progenitor

Background

It is well established that chronic tumor growth results in functional inactivation of T cells and NK cells. It is less clear, however, whether lymphopoeisis is affected by tumor growth.

Principal Findings

In our efforts of analyzing the impact of tumor growth on NK cell development, we observed a major reduction of NK cell numbers in mice bearing multiple lineages of tumor cells. The decrease in NK cell numbers was not due to increased apoptosis or decreased proliferation in the NK compartment. In addition, transgenic expression of IL-15 also failed to rescue the defective production of NK cells. Our systematic characterization of lymphopoeisis in tumor-bearing mice indicated that the number of the common lymphoid progenitor was significantly reduced in tumor-bearing mice.The number of B cells also decreased substantially in tumor bearing mice.

Conclusions and Significance

Our data reveal a novel mechanism for tumor evasion of host immunity and suggest a new interpretation for the altered myeloid and lymphoid ratio in tumor bearing hosts.     

Effect of differential housing in mice on natural killer cell activity, tumor growth, and plasma corticosterone.

Various forms of stress have been shown to alter natural killer (NK) cell activity and tumorigenesis; however, few studies have measured these two variables simultaneously. Isolation of mice was utilized as a model of stress by which to study NK cell activity and pulmonary metastatic response following a tumor challenge. Male C3H mice were group or individually housed for 3 weeks, after which CIRAS 3 fibrosarcoma tumor cells or the tumor vehicle was injected intravenously (tail vein), NK cell activity, pulmonary metastasis, and plasma corticosterone were measured 1, 7, and 21 days following tumor cell inoculation. Individually housed mice, irrespective of tumor or vehicle condition, had a higher NK response on Day 1 relative to group-housed animals (P less than 0.001). By Day 21, tumor condition, rather than housing, was the major significant factor affecting NK activity (P less than 0.001). Nevertheless, individually housed, tumor-injected mice still had higher NK activity compared with the other treatment groups on Day 21. No effect of housing condition was present for the incidence of pulmonary metastases or frequency of metastases in affected animals. Plasma corticosterone levels generally increased over the study period, with no housing or injection effects at Days 1 and 7. Individually housed, vehicle-injected mice had higher corticosterone levels at Day 21 (P less than 0.01). These data suggest that in response to housing condition, NK cell activity differs in tumor-bearing mice and vehicle controls. Furthermore, CIRAS 3 pulmonary tumor formation is not affected by differences in NK activity consequent to housing condition. Plasma corticosterone does not appear to be a major in vivo regulator of NK activity in this experimental tumor system. Finally, the interpretation of housing effects on NK activity and plasma corticosterone levels depends on the temporal window in which sampling occurs.