解淀粉芽胞杆菌TF28产抗菌脂肽培养基优化

采用响应面方法对解淀粉芽胞杆菌TF28产抗菌脂肽培养基进行优化,以提高其产量。利用Plackett-Burman试验设计筛选出影响抗菌脂肽产量的3个主要因素:葡萄糖、硫酸镁和磷酸氢二钠。通过最陡爬坡试验逼近最大响应值区域,利用响应面分析方法确定显著组份的最佳水平。结果表明,优化后的培养基组份为葡萄糖42.37 g/L,酵母膏2 g/L,牛肉膏2 g/L,硫酸铵2 g/L,硫酸镁2.11 g/L,氯化钙0.1 g/L,硫酸锰0.1 g/L,磷酸二氢钾1.5 g/L,磷酸氢二钠3 g/L,经3次平行试验验证,抗菌脂肽产量为1.75 g/L,比优化前提高了5.25倍。该研究优化了解淀粉芽胞杆菌TF28提高抗菌脂肽产量的培养基,为抗菌脂肽的生产奠定基础。     

新月弯孢霉对重楼皂苷发酵条件的优化

目的:利用新月弯孢霉对重楼皂苷的转化条件进行优化.方法:采用新月弯孢霉(Curvularia lunata)ATCC3.4381,利用单因素实验对其发酵条件进行优化.采用Plackett-Burman(P-B)方法筛选出对转化率有重要影响的4个因素(蔗糖、酵母膏、(NH4)2SO4和玉米浆的添加量),并采用响应面试验设计(RSM)对重要因素进行优化.结果:最适的培养基条件为:即蔗糖浓度为7.847g/L;酵母膏的浓度为1.969g/L;硫酸铵的浓度为4.824g/L;玉米浆的浓度为11.81g/L.结论:优化后其转化能力得到了明显的提高,转化率为76.80%,并且与拟合值77.18%接近.     

Response surface methodology for optimization of Mucor fermentation medium

采用响应面分析方法优化毛霉菌B的发酵培养基,首先通过单因素试验筛选出葡萄糖为最适碳源,酵母膏和玉米浆为最适氮源,用Plackett-Burman试验对葡萄糖、酵母膏、玉米浆、MgSO4、FeSO4、NH4Cl、K2 HPO4进行评估并筛选出具有显著效应的3个因素:葡萄糖、酵母膏、玉米浆,再通过最陡爬坡试验逼近其最大响应区域,最后采用Box-Behnken试验对其用量进行优化,得到毛霉菌最佳发酵培养基(g/L):葡萄糖51.54,酵母膏5.22,玉米浆14.31,MgSO4 0.5,FeSO40.1,NH4Cl3,K2HPO43,pH 6.0～6.5.培养基优化后,毛霉生物量由23.51 g/L提高至31.13g/L,比对照组提高32.41％,腺嘌呤转化率由53.59％提高至59.97％,ATP产率由6.56 g/L提高至7.34g/L,比对照组提高11.89％.     

聚-ε-赖氨酸补料发酵的初步研究

在5L自动发酵罐中,通过分批发酵和补料分批发酵,对白色链霉菌(Strepomyces albulus)生物合成聚-ε-赖氨酸(ε-PL)进行了初步研究。结果表明,在分批发酵中,利用pH控制策略,ε-PL产量从0.6 g/L提高到2.4 g/L。在分批补料发酵中,采用pH控制策略,当糖浓度在10g/L以下,补加葡萄糖和硫酸铵,则菌体大量生长,ε-PL产量提高到16.81 g/L,为分批培养的27倍。     

拉曼被孢霉产γ-亚麻酸的发酵条件优化

对影响发酵产γ-亚麻酸的因素（温度、N源、P源等）进行单因素考察。结果发现,各因素对拉曼被孢霉（Mortierella ramanniana NBRC 8187）产γ-亚麻酸均有不同程度的影响。通过正交试验设计对KH2PO4、NaNO3、酵母膏和温度进行了L9（34）试验设计,以γ-亚麻酸产量为优化目标,直观分析得出影响产量的因素大小顺序为酵母膏、温度、KH2PO4、NaNO3,最终确定最佳的培养条件：酵母膏5 g/L、25℃、KH2PO41 g/L、NaNO33 g/L。在此条件下,检测得出在第5天γ-亚麻酸产量达到0.968 g/L,相比优化前（0.583 g/L）提高了66%。     

具有双重抗生素抗性的ε-聚赖氨酸高产菌株选育及生理特性

以ε-聚赖氨酸产量为1.60g/L的Streptomyces albulus M-Z18为出发菌株,利用核糖体工程技术选育具有双重抗生素抗性的ε-聚赖氨酸高产菌株,并对高产菌株和出发菌株的生理生化性能进行比较。通过链霉素诱变成功选育出了1株遗传稳定的ε-聚赖氨酸产生菌S.albulus S-7,ε-聚赖氨酸产量为2.03g/L;对S.albulus S-7叠加巴龙霉素,获得1株遗传稳定的具有双重抗性的ε-聚赖氨酸产生菌S.albulus SP-14,ε-聚赖氨酸产量为2.37g/L,比出发菌株S.albulus M-Z18的ε-聚赖氨酸产量增加了48.10%。使用链霉素和巴龙霉素选育具有双重抗生素抗性的ε-聚赖氨酸高产菌株是一种有效的手段。     

响应面法优化毛霉菌发酵培养基

采用响应面分析方法优化毛霉菌B的发酵培养基,首先通过单因素试验筛选出葡萄糖为最适碳源,酵母膏和玉米浆为最适氮源,用Plackett—Burman试验对葡萄糖、酵母膏、玉米浆、MgSO4、FeSO4、NILCl/、HPO4进行评估并筛选出具有显著效应的3个因素：葡萄糖、酵母膏、玉米浆,再通过最陡爬坡试验逼近其最大响应区域,最后采用Box—Behnken试验对其用量进行优化,得到毛霉菌最佳发酵培养基（g/L）：葡萄糖51．54,酵母膏5．22,玉米浆14．31,MgSO40．5,FeSO40．1,NH4Cl3,k2HPO43,pH6．0～6．5。培养基优化后,毛霉生物量由23．51g／L提高至31．13g/L,比对照组提高32．41％,腺嘌呤转化率由53．59％提高至59．97％,ATP产率由6．56g／L提高至7．34g／L,比对照组提高11．89％。     

原生质体诱变选育ε-聚赖氨酸高产菌株

以白色链霉菌UN2-71为出发菌株,对其原生质体进行硫酸二乙酯(DES)诱变,选育ε-聚赖氨酸高产菌株。经过试管初筛和摇瓶复筛,得到1株稳定性好的菌株D3-32,摇瓶产量达到1.56g/L,比出发菌株提高49.43%。采用2.3L发酵罐进行发酵试验,控制pH分两阶段培养后,ε-聚赖氨酸最高产量达到4.59g/L,比出发菌株提高了2.65倍。     

核糖醇发酵工艺研究

目的:研究球头三型孢菌Trichosporonoides oedocephalis ATCC 16958发酵生产核糖醇的工艺.方法:采用摇瓶发酵优化的方式,探索培养基组份及三羧酸循环抑制剂对该菌生长及发酵生产核糖醇的影响,并在7L发酵罐中对优化的条件进行发酵验证.结果:对于核糖醇生产,葡萄糖和酵母膏分别是最佳的碳源和氮源,当葡萄糖浓度为20%时,核糖醇产量为38.60g/L.以1%酵母膏为氮源时,核糖醇浓度为37.82g/L.发酵24h添加0.2%的柠檬酸,核糖醇产量提高30.35%.采用摇瓶培养的优化条件,在7L发酵罐中发酵120h核糖醇产量为38.66g/L.结论:实验获得的优化条件可进一步用于指导生产.     

基于姬松茸深层发酵的Plackett-Burman筛选

对姬松茸液体深层发酵培养工艺条件进行单因素实验：应用Minitab15软件设计Plackett—Burman筛选实验,筛选出蔗糖及酵母膏质量浓度、培养温度、微量元素配比4个显著性影响因素,通过正交试验对其进行优化。确定最佳培养工艺条件：蔗糖质量浓度45g/L,酵母膏质量浓度3g／L,KH2PO4质量浓度2．5g／L,MgSO4质量浓度1．25g／L,培养温度27℃,培养时间7d,多糖产量可达4．64g／L。     

Sequential production of two biopolymers-levan and poly-ε-lysine by microbial fermentation

Sequential fermentation for the production of two invaluable biopolymers, levan and poly-ε-lysine (ε-PL), has been successfully developed. It involves fermentation of Bacillus subtilis (natto) Takahashi in sucrose medium to produce levan, separation of levan product from small remaining sugar molecules by ultrafiltration and fermentation of the remnant from levan production by Streptomyces albulus to produce ε-PL. In the process, 50-60 g/L of levan was produced (100% recovery after precipitation by ethanol). The remnant from levan production with glucose adjusted to 30 g/L and with combined use of yeast extract (10 g/L), (NH₄)₂SO₄ (2 g/L) and basal salts was proven to be suitable for ε-PL production. 4.37 g/L of ε-PL accumulation (85% recovery after purification) was reached in 72 h using two-stage fermentation with control of pH. The process of using remnant (waste) from levan fermentation for the second biopolymer (ε-PL) production is unprecedented and the products obtained are environmental-friendly.     

The effect of supplementation by different nitrogen sources on the production of lactic acid from date juice by Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus

Production of lactic acid from date juice by fermentation has been studied using Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus as the producer organism. The optimum substrate concentration, expressed in its glucose content, was 60 g l(-1). Various nitrogen sources were compared with yeast extract in terms of their efficiency for lactic acid production. None of these nitrogen sources gave lactic acid concentrations as high as that obtained with yeast extract. As yeast extract supplementation was not economically attractive, different proportions of (NH4)2SO4 and yeast extract were used. When the elemental nitrogen ratio of(NH4)2SO4 to yeast extract was 4:1, the substrate use and efficiency of lactic acid production were the same as in date juice supplemented with 20 g l(-1) yeast extract (0:5).     

翅鳞伞深层发酵胞外多糖优化研究

采用PlackettBurman设计(PlackettBurman Design, PB)对影响翅鳞伞［ Pholiota squarrosa (Pers. Ex Fr.) Quel.］ AS 5245菌株发酵产糖的内在和外在相关因素进行了筛选,所选取的20个相关因素为葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖、酵母膏、胰蛋白胨、KH₂PO₄、K₂HPO₄、(NH₄)₂SO₄、NaNO₃、FeSO₄、MgSO₄、MnCl₂、ZnCl₂、FeCl₃、CuSO₄·5H₂O、维生素B1、起始pH、发酵温度、时间和装液量。在此基础上,再采用响应曲面法(Response Surface Methodology,RSM)对影响发酵产糖的内在关键影响因素酵母膏、果糖、MgSO₄、麦芽糖、ZnCl₂和发酵基质起始pH值的最佳水平范围作了进一步的研究与探讨,通过对二次多项回归方程求解得知,在上述自变量分别为6.0g/L、11.5g/L、0.5g/L、9.6g/L、38.6mg/L和5.3时,胞外多糖最大预测值为876.32μg/mL发酵醪,此预测可信度不仅被统计分析所验证,也实践所证实。     

休哈塔假丝酵母HDYXHT-01利用木糖生产乙醇的发酵工艺优化

采用Plackett-Burman (PB) 方法和中心组合设计 (Ccentral composit design,CCD) 对休哈塔假丝酵母Candida shehataeHDYXHT-01利用木糖发酵生产乙醇的工艺进行优化。PB试验设计与分析结果表明：硫酸铵、磷酸二氢钾、酵母粉和接种量是影响木糖乙醇发酵的4个关键因素,以乙醇产量为响应目标,采用CCD和响应面分析法 (Response surface methodology,RSM),确定了木糖乙醇发酵的最佳工艺为：硫酸铵1.73 g/L、磷酸二氢钾3.56 g/L、酵母粉2.62 g/L和接种量5.66％,其他发酵条件为：木糖80 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.1 g/L,pH 5.0,培养温度30 ℃,装液量100 mL/250 mL,摇床转速140 r/min,发酵时间48 h,在该条件下发酵液中乙醇产量可以达到26.18 g/L,比未优化前提高了1.15倍。     

Optimization of medium compositions favoring butanol and 1,3-propanediol production from glycerol by Clostridium pasteurianum

Medium compositions favoring butanol and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) production from glycerol by Clostridium pasteurianum DSM525 were investigated using statistical experimental designs. Medium components affecting butanol and 1,3-PDO production were screened using a fractional factorial experimental design. Among the six tested variables (phosphate buffer, MnSO4·H2O, MgSO4·7H2O, FeSO4·7H2O, (NH4)2SO4, and yeast extract), FeSO4·7H2O, (NH4)2SO4, and yeast extract were found to be significant variables for further optimization of medium using a Box-Behnken design. Optimal butanol (0.98 g/L/h) and 1,3-PDO (1.19 g/L/h) productivities were predicted by the corresponding quadratic model for each product and the models were validated experimentally under optimized conditions. The optimal medium composition for butanol production was significantly different from that for 1,3-PDO production (0.06 vs. 0 g/L for FeSO4·7H2O, 7.35 vs. 0 g/L for (NH4)2SO4, and 5.08 vs. 8.0 g/L for yeast extract), suggesting that the product formation from glycerol by C. pasteurianum DSM525 can be controlled by changing medium compositions.     

圆红冬孢酵母菌发酵产油脂培养基及发酵条件的优化研究

采用均匀设计和单因子试验法,系统考察了圆红冬孢酵母菌(Rhodosporidiumtoruloides)在不同碳氮比条件下产油发酵情况以及添加无机盐对产油发酵的影响,通过均匀设计软件对二次多项回归方程求解及单因素分析得知在培养基组成分别为葡萄糖70g/L,硫酸铵0.1g/L,酵母粉0.75g/L,磷酸二氢钾0.4g/L,七水硫酸镁1.5g/L,初始pH6.0,在灭菌(121℃15min)后添加ZnSO41.91×10-6mmol/L、CaCl21.50mmol/L、MnCl21.22×10-4mmol/L、CuSO41.00×10-4mmol/L。发酵摇瓶装液量为250mL三角瓶装培养基50mL,接种量为10%(种龄28h)。在上述条件下,30℃振荡(200r/min)培养120h,所得菌体油脂含量高达76.1%,脂肪得率系数可达22.7。     

ε-PolyLysine production from sugar cane molasses by a new isolates of Bacillus sp. and optimization of the fermentation condition

An attempt was made to use cane molasses as a culture medium for ε-PolyLysine (ε-PL) production by a natural bacterial isolate. The bacterium was identified as Bacillus sp., as confirmed by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. A BLAST result of the sequence indicated that the closest relative of this Bacillus BHU strain was B. thuringiensis, with 97 % homology. The molasses was found to be a better culture medium compared to commonly used culture media comprised of either glucose or glycerol as a carbon source. The various physicochemical parameters were studied for culture growth and polymer production, and were further optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The correlation coefficient of the resulting model was found to be R ²?=?0.9828. The RSM predicted optimum conditions for ε-PL production (2.46 g/l) by the Bacillus strain was achieved by using molasses, 59.7 g/l; yeast extract, 15.2 mg/l; pH, 6.8 and fermentation time, 42 h at 30 °C. This study represents the first report on the potential application of cane molasses (a byproduct of sugarcane industries) as a culture medium for ε-PL production by Bacillus species. The specific Bacillus strain used in the present study can be exploited for developing a novel technology using inexpensive renewable resources for ε-PL production, a polymer of commercial interest.     

膜上tRNA结合蛋白的分离与初步鉴定

用ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１１４分相法分离啤酒酵母的膜总蛋白,经过酵母ｔＲＮＡ分子交联的Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ亲和层析,用０－０．８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ＮＨ４０２ＳＯ４梯度缓冲液洗脱ｔＲＮＡ结合的蛋白质。凝胶阻滞电泳实验室鉴定出两种主要的与ｔＲＮＡ分子特异性结合的蛋白质。     

氨基酸对禾粟链霉菌生物合成ε-聚赖氨酸的影响

为了探索氨基酸对Streptomyces graminearus LS-B1以葡萄糖发酵生产ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PL)的影响,分别在发酵过程中添加了16种常见氨基酸.研究结果表明,苯丙氨酸(Phe)、精氨酸(Arg)、酪氨酸(Tyr)、甘氨酸(Gly)、天冬酰胺(Asn)、色氨酸(Try)6种氨基酸对ε-PL合成有一定的...