红树林植物促生菌SZ7-1 菌株的培养基优化

采用响应面分析法对红树林植物促生菌SZ7-1 菌株发酵培养基进行了优化。首先利用Plackett-Burman (PB)设计对影响SZ7-1 生长的11 个营养因素进行评价, 并筛选出显著影响因子:玉米糖浆、酵母膏和K₂HPO₄; 其次用最陡爬坡实验逼近以上三因素最优水平; 最后采用响应面法对该3 个显著因素的最佳水平范围进行研究, 得到的最佳浓度为: 玉米浆28 g/L、酵母膏14 g/L和K₂HPO₄ 2.2 g/L。在此条件下, 培养20 h 后SZ7-1 菌数达到2.6×10¹⁰ CFU/mL, 与优化前基础培养基、LB 和牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基中生长的菌数相比, 分别提高了12.4、2.4 和5.5 倍。     

响应面法对红法夫酵母合成虾青素主要影响因素的优化

在单因素试验确定了红法夫酵母生物合成虾青素培养基组份的基础上,用响应面法对其浓度进行优化。首先用分式析因设计评价了培养基的各组份对虾青素产量的影响,并找出主要影响因子为蔗糖和酵母粉,二者分别达到了极显著和显著水平。用最陡爬坡路径逼近最大响应区域后,运用旋转中心复合设计及响应面分析,确定了主要影响因子的最佳浓度。其中,蔗糖的最佳浓度为49.8g/L,酵母粉的浓度为9.6g/L。菌株在优化培养基中的虾青素产量为9861μg/L,比优化前增加了近1倍。     

烟碱降解细菌Ochrobactrum intermedium DN2生长培养基及培养条件的优化研究

在烟碱生物降解的研究和实际应用中,需要在较短的时间内获得大量O.intermediumDN2菌体。为了提高菌株DN2的菌体浓度,缩短其培养时间,本研究采用PlackettBurman设计对影响O.intermediumDN2生长的内在和外在相关因素进行了评价。结果表明,影响菌株DN2生长的显著因素有胰蛋白胨、MgSO₄·7H₂O、初始pH值、温度、装液量和培养时间。在此基础上,采用响应曲面法分别对该菌生长培养基的组成和培养条件进行优化,得到最佳培养基组成为(g/L):胰蛋白胨11.34、牛肉膏3.00、NaCl5.00、MgSO₄·7H₂O3.71,pH值7.23;最佳培养条件为温度32℃、转速120r/min、装液量88ml/250ml三角瓶、培养时间34h。5L发酵罐验证实验表明,菌株DN2达到最大生长量的时间为36h,与预测值34h基本一致,比优化前缩短约12h;最大菌体浓度为6.49×10₉cfu/ml,与预测值6.73×10₉cfu/ml接近,比优化前高近一个数量级。     

嗜线虫致病杆菌产生抗生素的培养基及条件*

本文对嗜线虫致病杆菌 (Xenorhabdus nematophilus)产生抗生素的发酵培养基和发酵条件进行了研究 ,同时对该菌代谢过程 p H值、还原糖、总糖、氨基氮与抗生素产量的关系进行了分析。通过筛选该菌对碳源和氮源的要求 ,用正交试验初步确定了该菌产素的最佳发酵培养基和条件为 :玉米粉 1% ,大豆粉 3% ,蔗糖 1% ,蛋白胨 1.5% ,KH₂ PO₄ 0 .0 2 % ,Mg SO₄ 0 .2 % ,活化剂     

一株产虾青素的黄杆菌CF-60的研究

从土壤中分离到一株黄杆菌（Ｆｌａｖｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｓｐｐ）Ｃ_Ｆ－６０,该菌的生长需Ｍｇ^２＋存在,ＭｇＳＯ_４·７Ｈ_２Ｏ的最适浓度为０．２％;蛋白胨是该菌株生长的最好氮源,它不能利用无机氮。种龄超过９６ｈ的菌体不能在新鲜培养基中生长。经５４ｈ的２Ｌ恒化器发酵,生物量达６．８ｇ／Ｌ,色素产量为１０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ。该菌产生的类胡萝卜素成分简单,主要成分的含量为９０．３％,该成分经初步鉴定是分子结构中含有羰基和羟     

处理柠檬酸发酵废水的高活性光合细菌P4菌株的分离鉴定*

光合细菌P₄菌株从柠檬酸发酵废水流经的污泥中分离得到。经鉴定P₄菌株为红假单胞菌属(Rhodopseudomonas),浑球红假单胞菌(R. sphacroides)。P₄菌株以乙酸钠为碳源生长良好,50小时进入稳定期(菌液OD_660nm=108—2.0)。将经过可溶化的柠檬酸发酵废水用P₄菌株的乙酸钠培养液进行处理,作用72小时后废水COD的去除率达85.3%。     

枯草芽胞杆菌甘露聚糖酶发酵条件优化

旨在以枯草芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilis J为生产菌株,发酵生产β-甘露聚糖酶,通过优化产酶条件,以达到提高β-甘露聚糖酶产量的目的。利用DNS比色法检测β-甘露聚糖酶活力,采用单因素试验,研究碳氮源种类及碳氮源浓度、温度、pH、接种量和装液量对菌株Bacillus subtilis J发酵产β-甘露聚糖酶的影响,结合响应面试验设计确定菌株Bacillus subtilis J发酵产甘露聚糖酶的最优发酵培养条件。单因素试验和响应面试验得到最优的发酵条件为魔芋粉28 g/L,胰蛋白胨21 g/L,K₂HPO₄ 6 g/L,MgSO₄·7H₂O 1 g/L,温度31 ℃,pH值 8.5,接种量1%（体积分数）,装液量50 mL/250 mL,发酵周期24 h。利用优化后的培养基生产β-甘露聚糖酶,其酶活力达到84.38 U/mL,是初始发酵培养基产酶活力的3.36倍。通过对发酵条件的优化,大幅度提高了β-甘露聚糖酶的产量,为其工业生产提供数据参考。     

利用响应面分析法优化胶质类芽胞杆菌初级种子培养基

采用响应面分析法（RSM）对胶质类芽胞杆菌的初级种子培养基进行了优化,以提高其菌体密度和后续发酵效率。首先采用单因子试验筛选出提升菌体密度的适宜碳源和氮源,分别为麦芽糖和胰蛋白胨,在此基础上采用Plackett Burman(PB)试验设计法,对9种影响菌体生长繁殖的因素进行了评价,结果表明,麦芽糖和MgSO₄·7H₂O对菌体繁殖影响最为显著。用快速登高试验逼近关键因素的最大响应区域,通过中心组合试验和验证试验,获得胶质类芽胞杆菌优化培养基成分为麦芽糖 2.5 g/L,胰蛋白胨1.0 g/L,MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.73 g/L,K₂HPO₄·3H₂O 0.4 g/L,NaCl 0.06 g/L,FeCl₃ 0.6 mg/L,水杨酸10 mg/L,CaCO₃ 1.0 g/L。使用该优化培养基可将菌体密度较优化前提高了近10倍,含量达到4.12×10² cfu/mL。结果为提高胶质类芽胞杆菌的生产发酵水平和保证产品质量提供依据。     

人三叶因子3在毕赤酵母中表达条件的研究

为提高人三叶因子 3 (HumanTrefoilfactor 3 ,hTFF3 )在毕赤酵母中的表达量 ,研究了转化子生长的培养条件 ,包括不同碳源对转化子生长的影响和接种量、甲醇浓度、pH值、摇瓶转速及不同诱导时间对人三叶因子 3表达的影响。结果表明转化子在生长阶段加入葡萄糖生长旺盛 ,培养 14h后OD₆₀₀ 就可达到 50。在 100mL生长培养基上的菌液以 1∶1接入诱导培养基时蛋白表达量最高 ;转化子在 1%的甲醇、pH60、摇瓶转速240r/min的条件下诱导4 8h ,菌体密度OD₆₀₀为 15 ,目的蛋白表达量达到 20mg L。用 5L发酵罐进行了高密度发酵 ,经2%甲醇32h诱导 ,最终菌体密度OD₆₀₀ 达到 120 ,每升发酵液中含目的蛋白100mg。     

枯草芽孢杆菌B115优化培养及其对气单胞菌的抗菌效果的研究*

采用正交实验设计确定了枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)B115的基础培养基成份为:胰蛋白胨1%,酵母膏0.25%,氯化钠0.5%;添加成份最优组合为(NH₄)₂SO₄0.1%,(K₂HPO₄+KH₂PO₄)(1.4+0.6)%和柠檬酸三钠0.1%;添加成分最优组合与基础培养基培养产量比较,表明添加K⁺     

响应面法优化弗氏链霉菌S-221变种发酵培养基

用响应面法对弗氏链霉菌S-221变种液体发酵生产氨基酸的培养基进行了优化。首先,用全因子试验方法对相关影响因素的效应进行评价,并筛选出有显著效应的羽毛胨和蛋白胨两个因素,第2步用最陡爬坡实验逼近以上两因素最优水平。最后由中心组合设计法及响应面分析确定主要影响因素的最佳条件。在优化培养条件下,发酵液中氨基酸浓度从4.1g／100mL提高到6.412g／100mL。     

Optimization of Non-Nutritional Factors for a Cost-Effective Enhancement of Nisin Production Using Orthogonal Array Method

In order to increase nisin production in a cost-effective manner, non-nutritional factors as well as nutritional parameters must be optimized. In this study, optimization of the most important non-nutritional factors for nisin production using orthogonal array method was performed. Optimization of temperature, agitation, age and size of inoculum, medium initial pH value and flask volume/medium volume ratio in de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium in batch fermentation was accomplished. Nisin was produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis PTCC 1336 and measured by bioassay method using Micrococcus luteus PTCC 1169 as the nisin-sensitive strain. The optimum levels of non-nutritional factors for maximum nisin production and productivity were obtained as: flask volume/medium volume ratio: 5.00, medium initial pH value: 8.00, inoculum size: 1%, inoculum age: 24 h old (A = 1.7), agitation: 100 rpm and temperature: 27 °C. Under the optimized conditions, maximum nisin production and maximum nisin productivity were 599.70 IU/mL and 37.48 IU/mL/h, respectively.     

Application of factorial designs for optimization of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase production from Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae AS-22.

Production of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) from Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae AS-22 was optimized in shake flasks using a statistical experimental design approach. Effect of various components in the basal medium, like carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and mineral sources as well as initial pH and temperature, were tested on enzyme production. The optimum concentrations of the selected media components were determined using statistical experimental designs. Two level fractional factorial designs in five variables, namely, dextrin, peptone, yeast extract, ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate, and magnesium sulphate concentrations were constructed. The optimum medium composition thus found consisted of 49.3 g/L dextrin, 20.6 g/L peptone, 18.3 g/L yeast extract, 6.7 g/L ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate, and 0.5 g/L magnesium sulphate. The maximum CGTase activity obtained was 21.4 U/mL in 28 h of incubation. The cell growth and CGTase production profiles were studied with the optimized medium in shake flasks and in 1-L fermenters. It was observed that the enzyme production was growth associated both in shake flask and in fermenter, although it was slower in shake flask. The maximum CGTase activity obtained in the fermenter was 32.5 U/mL in 16 h. The optimized medium resulted in about 9-fold increase in the enzyme activity as compared to that obtained in the basal medium in shake flask as well as in fermenter.     

Use of response surface methodology to optimize culture medium for production of lipase with Candida sp. 99-125

Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize culture medium for production of lipase with Candida sp. 99-125. In the first step, a Plackett–Burmen design was used to evaluate the effects of different components in the culture medium. Soybean oil, soybean powder and K₂HPO₄ have significant influences on the lipase production. The concentrations of three factors were optimized subsequently using central composite designs and response surface analysis. The optimized condition allowed the production of lipase to be increased from 5000 to 6230 IU/ml in shake flask system. The lipase fermentation in 5 l fermenter reached 9600 IU/ml.     

Statistical optimization of culture media and conditions for production of mannan by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

In view of the increase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan content, the culture medium and condition for S. cerevisiae were optimized in this study. The influence of culture medium ingredients such as carbon and nitrogen sources, inorganic ion, and enzyme activator on mannan production were evaluated using factional design. The mathematical model was established by the quadratic rotary combination design through response surface analysis. The optimized concentrations of culture medium were determined as follows: 4.98 g/100 mL, sucrose; 4.39 g/100 mL, soybean peptone; 3.10 g/100 mL, yeast extract; and 2.21 g/100 mL, glycerol. The optimized culture medium increased mannan production from 82.7 ± 3.4 mg/100 mL to 162.53 ± 3.47 mg/100 mL. The influence of original pH, inoculum size, temperature, and media volume on mannan production was evaluated and confirmed by orthogonale experimental design, with the order of effect as follows: media volume > temperature > initial pH > inoculation size. The optimized culture condition was pH, 5; inoculum size, 5 ml; temperature, 32°C; and media volume, 40 mL. The maximum mannan production increased to 258.5 ± 9.1 mg/100 mL at the optimum culture condition. It was evident that the mannan production was affected significantly by culture medium and condition optimization (p < 0.01).     

Optimization of medium composition for actinomycin X2 production by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Streptomyces </Emphasis><Emphasis Type="Italic">spp</Emphasis> JAU4234 using response surface methodology

The effects of cultivation medium compositions including soybean meal, peptone, soybean oil and cornstarch for actinomycin X2 production by Streptomyces spp JAU4234 were accessed by using response surface methodology. The 2(4) full factorial designs and the paths of steepest ascent were effective in searching for the major factors of actinomycin X2 production. In this study, cornstarch and soybean oil showed negative effect on actinomycin X2 production based on the first-order regression coefficients derived from MINITAB software. Subsequently, a central composite design for optimization was further investigated. Preliminary studies showed that soybean meal and peptone were believed to be the major factors for actinomycin X2 production. Estimated optimum compositions for the production of actionmycin X2 were as follows (g/l): soybean meal 21.65 and peptone 9.41, and result in a maximum actionmycin X2 production of 617.4 mg/l. This value was closed to the 612 mg/l actionmycin X2 production from actual experimental observations. The yield of actionmycin X2 was increased by 36.9% by culturing the strain Streptomyces spp JAU4234 in the nutritionally optimized fermentation medium.     

Optimization of xylanase production from Aspergillus niger for biobleaching of eucalyptus pulp

A crude endo-xylanase produced by Aspergillus niger BCC14405 was investigated for its potential in pre-bleaching of chemical pulp from eucalyptus. The optimal fermentation conditions on the basis of optimization using response surface methodology included cultivation in a complex medium comprising wheat bran, rice bran, and soybean meal supplemented with yeast extract, glucose, peptone, and lactose with a starting pH of 6.0 for 7 d. This resulted in production of 89.5 IU/mL of xylanase with minor cellulase activity. Proteomic analysis using LC/MS/MS revealed that the crude enzyme was a composite of hemicellulolytic enzymes, including endo-β-1,4-xylanase and other hemicellulolytic enzymes attacking arabinoxylan and mannan. Pretreatment of the pulp at a xylanase dosage of 10 IU/g increased the brightness ceiling after the C-Eop-H bleaching step up to 3.0% using a chlorine charge with a C-factor of 0.16-0.20. Xylanase treatment also led to reduction in chlorine charge of at least 20%, with an acceptable brightness level. The enzyme pretreatment resulted in a slight increase in pulp viscosity, suggesting an increase in relative cellulose content. The crude enzyme was potent in the enzyme-aided bleaching of chemical pulp in an environmentally friendly pulping process.     

Optimization of a cultural medium for bacteriocin production by Lactococcus lactis using response surface methodology.

The medium composition for bacteriocin production by Lactococcus lactis ATCC 11454 was optimized using response surface methodology. The selected six factors based on CM medium were sucrose, soybean peptone, yeast extract, KH(2)PO(4), NaCl, and MgSO(4).7H(2)O. Fractional factorial designs (FFD) and the path of steepest ascent were effective in searching for the main factors and approaching the optimum region of the response. By a 2(6-2) FFD, sucrose, soybean peptone, yeast extract, KH(2)PO(4) were found to be significant factors and had positive effects on cell growth, however, only soybean peptone and KH(2)PO(4) were shown to be the two significant factors for bacteriocin production and had negative and positive effects, respectively. The effects of the two main factors on bacteriocin production were further investigated by a central composite design and the optimum composition was found to be 1% sucrose, 0.45% soybean peptone, 1% yeast extract, 2.84% KH(2)PO(4), 0.2% NaCl, and 0.02% MgSO(4) x 7H(2)O. The optimal medium allowed bacteriocin yield to be doubled compared to CM medium.     

Evaluation of culture medium for nisin production in a repeated-batch biofilm reactor

In this study, a biofilm reactor with plastic composite support (PCS), made by high-temperature extrusion of agricultural products and polypropylene, was evaluated for nisin production using L. lactis strain NIZO 22186. The high-biomass density of the biofilm reactor was found to contribute to a significantly shorter lag time of nisin production relative to a suspended-cell reactor. In comparison to glucose (579 IU/mL), sucrose significantly increased the nisin production rate by 1.4-fold (1100 IU/mL). However, results revealed that high levels of sucrose (8% w/v) had a suppressing effect on nisin production and a stimulating effect on lactic acid production. A high concentration of MgSO4.7H2O at 0.04% (w/v) was found to reduce the nisin production, while concentrations of KH2PO4 of up to 3% (w/v) did not have any significant effect on growth or nisin production. The best of the tested complex media for nisin production using the PCS biofilm reactor consisted of 4% (w/v) sucrose, 0.02% (w/v) MgSO4.7H2O, and 0.1% (w/v) KH2PO4. Nisin production rate in the biofilm reactor was significantly increased by 3.8-fold (2208 IU/mL) when using the best complex medium tested.     

氮源对灵芝菌丝体液态深层发酵合成灵芝三萜的影响

以沪农灵芝1号为供试菌株,葡萄糖作为碳源,用硫酸铵、氯化铵、鱼粉蛋白胨、胰蛋白胨和酵母粉作为氮源,研究不同种类氮源对灵芝菌丝体液态深层发酵过程的影响。首先,确定了N-10酵母自溶粉作为发酵的氮源,降低了发酵的复杂性和不确定性;其次,考察N-10酵母自溶粉不同浓度对灵芝菌丝体发酵合成灵芝三萜过程中菌丝体的生物量、葡萄糖消耗、灵芝三萜产量等方面的影响,确定了N-10酵母自溶粉的适宜添加浓度。在此基础上,采用响应面中心组合设计,对4因素最佳水平范围进行研究,结果表明,葡萄糖、N-10酵母自溶粉、磷酸二氢钾和七水硫酸镁的含量分别为31.06g/L、2.76g/L、1.77g/L和1.99g/L时,灵芝三萜的理论产量为21.166g/kg干菌丝体,实际发酵产量提高到21.153g/kg干菌丝体。与原工艺相比,新工艺的灵芝三萜产量提高了6.22%。