共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
2.
利用扫描电镜对35种1变种柃属(Eurya)植物种子的微形态特征进行了研究,并采用相对大小(长×宽)RS值和种皮表面纹饰作为种子形态比较的特征参数。结果显示,柃属种子根据相对大小RS值可划分为小型(RS<1.0),中型(1.03.0)三个等级,最小的种子相对大小不足0.5,最大的种子相对大小超过10;种皮表面纹饰分为负网纹和网纹两种类型,网纹类型在网眼的方向性、网眼形状、网眼深度、网脊特点等方面呈现出种间多样性,可用于类群的比较和鉴别。文中同时还探讨了种子大小及种皮微形态在属内的系统发育关系,推测了种皮表面纹饰的演化路线,研究结果表明种子的微形态特征对本属植物系统分类及进化研究具有重要意义,可为属内一些关键种系统位置的分析提供重要佐证。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
鸢尾属部分种种子微形态特征与系统演化关系 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用HITACHI S-520型扫描电子显微镜对鸢尾属植物10个种及1变种、1外类群的种子微形态进行观察、比较分析,探讨了鸢尾属植物部分种种子微形态特征分类学意义及系统演化关系。结果表明:鸢尾属植物种子表面微形态特征具有种的稳定性,与分布区无关;同一种的种子凹、凸面微形态差异很大,同一类群比较时应选择相同部位观察。所研究的鸢尾种都为网状(网纹或负网纹)文饰,种间差异明显,微形态特征可用于鸢尾属间、属下系的等级划分,但不适于种下等级鉴别。研究给出了鸢尾属植物种子表面纹饰的系统进化关系,证明了种子表面微形态对鸢尾属植物分类及系统演化关系具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
7.
利用解剖镜和扫描电镜对小檗科5属(小檗属、十大功劳属、鬼臼属、山荷叶属和红毛七属)40种2变种植物种子形态进行观察。研究结果表明:小檗科植物种子颜色多为黄褐色、红棕色至黑色,形状多样;种皮纹饰可分为网纹型、网纹—梯纹型、梯纹型和嚼烂状4种类型,其中网纹型又可划分为7个亚型。种子球形、种脐位于种子侧面近中部可作为红毛七区别于其他属种子的重要形态特征。根据种皮微形态特征,探讨了种子形态在小檗科内的系统学意义,并推测了种皮纹饰的可能演化路线。种子形态支持小檗属和十大功劳属的近缘关系,认为鬼臼属(八角莲属)较山荷叶属分化更早,但不支持Ahrendt对小檗属下组和亚组的划分。 相似文献
8.
大豆属Soja亚属种皮微形态特征的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用扫描电镜对大豆属Soja亚属植物的种皮微形态特征进行了系统研究。结果表明,该亚属植物种皮微形态特征在种的水平上具有一定的分类学意义。 相似文献
9.
南五味子属(五味子科)的种子形态及其分类学意义 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下对南五味子属Kadsura 11种植物36个样品的种子宏观形态及种皮微
形态特征进行了研究。结果表明其种子形状为肾形、椭球形、心形或肾状扁球形。在扫描电镜下种子表
面特征有种间差异,其纹饰可分为3种类型,即近平滑型、负网纹型和网纹型。短梗南五味子K.
borneensis和披针叶南五味子K.lanceolata为近平滑型,其种子表面近平滑;黑老虎K.coccinea和柄果
南五味子K.verrucosa 为负网纹型,其种子表面具负网纹,网眼凸起,网脊凹陷;异形南五味子K.hetero-
clita、毛南五味子K.induta、南五味子K.japonica、冷饭藤K.oblongifloia、狭叶南五味子K. angustifolia、
南洋南五味子K.scandens 和大叶南五味子K.marmorata为网纹型,其种子表面具网纹,网眼凹陷,网脊
凸起,此类型在南五味子属中最为普遍。种皮微形态特征在种内相当稳定,在一些种的划分上具有较重
要的意义。南五味子属种皮微形态特征的研究结果支持将多子南五味子K.polysperma和凤庆南五味子
K. interior 归并入异形南五味子以及将长梗南五味子K.longipedunculata归并入南五味子的分类学处理。本文还对南五味子属植物种皮微形态的各种类型的演化趋势作了讨论。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
国产打碗花属植物种子形态及其分类学意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文借助于又目解剖镜和扫描电电镜对我国打碗花属5种植物的种子进行了观察。结果表明:1、该属植物的种子可分为两类,一类为旋花型,较小,表面具疣状突起,种皮纹饰呈网状,包括打碗花、毛打碗花及旋花;另一类为藤水苗型较大,无疣状突起,种皮纹饰呈咀烂状,包括藤长苗和肾叶打碗花。2、疠状突起由数个相邻种皮细胞胞间壁强烈突出而成,呈山峰状,相连或单独存在。3、该属植物种子形态存在明显区别,可作为分种的依据。 相似文献
13.
中国水鳖科植物种皮微形态特征及其系统学意义 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
通过扫描电镜对国产水鳖科植物(包括6属13种)的种皮微形态特征进行观察,并作了系统描述。根据种皮细胞形态、外种皮表面纹饰和内种皮内层小瘤状突起的特点将水鳖科植物的种皮微形态特征划分为3种类型,即海菜花型(海菜花属)、水鳖型(水鳖属)和苦草型(苦草属、水筛属、虾子草属和黑藻属),并作出了分属检索表。本文结果表明,种皮微形态特征可作为该科族、属以及属内种级水平分类的依据,对探讨属间关系和该科的系统发育关系亦具有重要的价值。种皮微形态特征支持Hutchinson(1959)和Eckhardt(1964)将海菜花属和水鳖属分别作为一个独立的族处理的观点。苦草属、水筛属和虾子草属种皮微形态特征的高度相似性表明它们间有密切的联系,不支持将它们置于不同亚科和族的分类处理。黑藻属虽与上述3属近缘,但其外种皮特征则较为独特,因此与水筛属放在不同族中更为合理。本文种皮微形态特征的研究结果支持iki1937)和Shaffer-Fehre(1991b)等关于水鳖科与茨藻科近缘的观点。 相似文献
14.
Pan Kai-Yu 《植物分类学报:英文版》1987,25(4):264-293
The genus Oreocharis as circumscribed here consists of 27 species including 5
varieties, of which 5 species and 4 varieties are described as new in the present paper. In the
work analysed were the external morphology and geographic distribution and examined under
SEM were pollen exine of 22 species and seed coat of 16 species. As a result, three types of the
corolla, two types of the anther, three types of the pollen exine and three types of the seed
coat are distinguished here in the paper. It is discovered that the corolla in the genus is relatively stable, though diverse, and highly correlated with the characters of pollen grains and
seeds. The corolla clearly bilabiate but constricted at the throat, occurring in O. auricula, O.
cordatula, O. aurantiaca, etc., for an example, is correlated with smooth, reticulate pollen exine
and partial tectum and the reticulate and smooth seed coat. For this reason the subdivision of
the genus in the paper is mainly based on the characters of the corolla, but combined with those
of the anther, pollen and seed coat. The genus is divided into four sections in the present classification. Dasydesmus Craib, based on a single species. O. bodinieri, is reduced here, and the
reasons are given. The genus is distributed mainly in the subtropics, and less frequently in the
tropics, of China south of 32.5°N and east of 98.5°E, with only two species beyond the border,
O. hirsuta in Thailand (only a single locality in Chiengmai) and O. aurea also found in north
Vietnam (see Fig. 1, Table 3).
Sect. 1. Stomactin (Clarke) Fritsch. Corolla urceolate-tubular, constricted at the throat,
with limb distinctly bilabiate; anthers broad-oblong; seed coat reticulate, smooth, rarely minutely tuberculate; pollen exine fine-reticulate, tectum partial and smooth, luminae slightly unequal in size.
Sect. 2. Orthanthera K. Y. Pan Corolla campanulate or campanulate-tubular; anthers broad-oblong; seed coat reticulate, muri smooth, rarely spiny-processed; pollen exine fine-reticulate,
with partial and smooth tectum and luminae slightly unequal in size, rarely exine insular and
fine-tuberculate, tectum perforate.
Setc. 3. Oreocharis Corolla thin-tubular; anthers broad-oblong; seed coat densely spinyprocessed, rarely fine-tuberculate; pollen exine insular, densely spiny-processed, rarely finereticulate and smooth, luminae unequal in size.
Sect. 4. Platyanthera K. Y. Pan Corolla campanulate; anthers hippocrepiform; seed coat
densely spiny-processed; pollen exine fine-reticulate, tectum perforate, luminae small, nearly
equal in size.
In the section Stomactin, although the constriction of corolla at its throat is a specialized
character, the characters of seed coat, pollen grains and anthers are apparently primitive. Therefore it may be said at least that more primitive characters are preserved in the section. In the
section Oreocharis, on the contrary, the characters of corolla, seed coat and pollen exine are all
advanced. And in the section Platyanthera, the seed coat, pollen (with perforate tectum) and
anthers have developed rather specialized characters. 相似文献
15.
五味子属种子形态及其分类学意义 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
用光学显微镜及扫描电镜对五味子属(Schisandra)10种96号样品的种子宏观形态和种皮的微观形态特征进行观察,首次对该属的种皮微观形态特征进行系统报道,并编排有分种检索表。研究结果表明:该属的种子宏观形态呈现平滑、细皱纹或瘤状突起,并认为五味子属种子形态可有从平滑到有细皱纹再到有瘤状突起的演化趋势;该属种皮表面微观形态可分为疣状突起型和网纹型。结合其它性状,本文认为网纹型所代表的两种植物应与本属中其它植物建立并列的分类单元。五味子属植物在种子形态特征上存在一定的差异,可为属以下、种以上的分类提供依据,并为探讨该属的系统演化提供有价值的参考资料。 相似文献
16.
17.
利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对中国25种4变种绣线菊属(Spiraea L.)植物的种子形态特征进行了研究。结果显示,绣线菊属植物种子外观上呈窄线形至椭圆形,表面有光泽和条纹,种子颜色为红棕色至深褐色;种皮纹饰可分为网纹、复网纹、负网纹和链状网纹4种类型。种子按长宽比的划分方法在一定程度上支持该属传统的组下系的划分;种皮纹饰在种间具有明显的差异,可作为中国绣线菊属植物种的分类依据。本研究为绣线菊属的分类及系统学研究提供了种子形态及种皮微观形态方面的新资料,对进一步完善该属属下分类具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
18.
某些兰科植物的种子成熟前,在无菌萌发过程中有较高的萌发率,而成熟后萌发率急剧下降。本研究针对这一现象,对三种兜兰属植物种子的发育过程进行了解剖学观察,并对授粉后不同时期的种子进行无菌播种,80d后统计其萌发率,以探究种子发育过程中的解剖学特征与萌发率之间的关系。研究结果表明种胚刚发育到椭球形胚的时候,胚柄尚存,种皮细胞尚未皱缩,此时三种兜兰的萌发率都能达到较高水平,表明这是适合兜兰属植物萌发的最佳时期;此后,种皮开始皱缩,木质素类物质积累导致种皮透水性下降,推测这可能是导致其后期萌发率下降的主要因素之一。 相似文献
19.
The seed coat structure of all 13 species ofCrossostylis was studied to contribute to an understanding of species delimitation and relationships within the genus. The mature seed
coat is relatively uniform and consistently constructed mainly by a well-developed exotesta and a well-developed fibrous exotegmen.
The species differ in the thickness of the exotesta and exotegmen, the anatomy of exotestal cells, the presence and absence
of persistent mesotesta, and so forth. On the basis of comparisons of these characters, close relationships are suggested
in the species groups such as:Crossostylis banksiana andC. cominsii; C. biflora, C. raiateensis andC. multiflora; C. gandiflora, C. sebertii andC. imera; and five species in the Fiji Islands. These relationships except for those of Fijian five species are also supported by
cladistics as their common characters are evaluated as synapomorphy. Species-level separation ofC. banksiana, C. pedunculata andC. raiateensis each from the closest species is doubted based on the results of seed coat structure. 相似文献