外源激素对沙田柚茎尖微嫁接成活率的影响

外源激素可对沙田柚茎尖微嫁接成活率产生显著影响.若在培养基中加入一定浓度的GA3、6-BA或IBA,均会明显抑制微嫁接的成活率;若直接利用这三种激素以合适的浓度处理砧木和接穗,则会不同程度地提高微嫁接的成活率.三者之中以10mg/LGA3的促进作用最为明显,微嫁接的成活率可达45%,6-BA和IBA处理虽然也能提高微嫁接的成活率,但它们又同时增加了接穗的脱落死亡率.     

提高沙田抽茎尖嫁接成活率的研究

研究了可以影响沙田抽茎嫁接成活率的部分因素。结果表明：当沙田抽接穗选择带4个叶原基的茎尖、枳壳砧木选择黑暗培养14d的实生苗或培养基中蔗糖浓度选择7．5％时各自的嫁接成活率较高,若在茎尖嫁接切口外缠绕parafilm胶可令成活率明显增加。若在培养基中加入GA3、6－BA和IBA则明显抑制嫁接成活率。GA3、6－BA和IBA处理接穗和砧木均可提高嫁接成活率,其中以10mg/LGA3处理效果最好,嫁接成活率可达45％;6－BA和IBA处理虽然也可提高嫁接成活率,但是同时又增加了接穗的脱落死亡率。     

成年沙田柚树试管嫁接及微繁殖的研究

分别以两类沙田柚侧芽为接穗、酸柚为砧木进行了试管嫁接,结果表明:不同嫁接方式、接穗大小以及不同激素处理均直接影响到试管嫁接成活率.对大田侧芽而言,接穗大小以茎尖为宜,1.0mg/LGA3或0.5mg/L6-BA处理效果较佳,嫁接成活率分别达50%和30%;对侧枝沙培萌发的侧芽而言,接穗大小以茎尖 1个节间为宜,2.0mg/LGA3或0.5mg/L6-BA处理效果较佳,嫁接成活率分别达90%和80%.在相同条件下,后者的嫁接成活率一般明显高于前者.两种沙田柚嫁接苗的试管微繁殖没有明显区别,在MS 6-BA0.1mg/L培养基上均可分化不定芽,继代的嫁接成活率可达90%以上.     

甜樱桃新品系13-38茎尖无性系建立及试管苗嫁接研究

本文报告通过茎尖培养及试管苗嫁接快速繁殖甜樱桃新品系13-38苗木。取新品系母树休眠芽制备成无菌外植体,分别在MS附加6-BA 0.1-0.5mg/l,IAA 0.1mg/l培养基及MS附加ZT1—1.5mg/l,IAA 0.1—0.25mg/l培养基中进行微型扦插及茎尖分化培养,建立茎尖无性系。试管苗年扩繁量为4~8和10~3。以新品系试管苗为接穗,采用切接,皮接两种方法嫁接于四种砧木,成活率为20—70%不等。实验表明13-38试管苗与砧木新品系1090试管幼苗的亲和力较好。接合部位预先施用200ppm的NAA可提高嫁接成活率。     

甜樱桃新品系13-38茎尖无性系建立及试管苗嫁接研究

本文报告通过茎尖培养及试管苗嫁接快速繁殖甜樱桃新品系13—38苗木。取新品系母树休眠芽制备成无菌外植体,分别在MS附加6-BA 0.1-0.5mg／L,IAA 0.1mg／L培养基及MS附加ZTl-1.5 mg／L,IAA 0.1-0.25 mg／L培养基中进行微型扦插及茎尖分化培养,建立茎尖无性系。试管苗年扩繁量为48和108。以新品系试管苗为接穗,采用切接,皮接两种方法嫁接于四种砧木,成活率为20一70%不等。实验表明13—88试管苗与砧木新品系1090试管幼苗的亲和力较好。接合部位预先施用200ppm的NAA可提高嫁接成活率。     

成年态南丰蜜橘试管嫁接育苗技术研究

为探索适合成年态南丰蜜橘[Citrus reticulata Blanco‘kinokuni’(Tanaka)H.H.Hu]的快速繁殖技术,对其试管茎尖微嫁接育苗进行研究。结果表明,最好的砧木是苦柚种子苗,以腹接方式的成活率最高。嫁接苗接种在MS+GA3 1 mg L–1+蔗糖75 g L–1的培养基中,暗培养7 d后转入光周期下培养,嫁接成活率达67.78%。不同移栽基质对嫁接苗的成活率影响不显著。嫁接苗与成年态南丰蜜橘再生芽在形态和POD、CAT及SOD同工酶分子表达上均无明显差异。这表明通过试管茎尖微嫁接技术可保持其遗传稳定性。     

生姜茎尖组织培养和快速繁殖研究

以生姜茎尖为外植体进行培养,筛选诱导愈伤组织和生根的最佳培养基。结果表明,在茎尖培养中,合理的消毒处理对茎尖成活率影响很大;以MS+6-BA 1.5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L为最适茎尖诱导培养基,可一次诱导形成愈伤组织,并直接形成带根幼苗,月增殖倍数为6.9倍,成活率76.9%。生姜腋芽继代培养基MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+KT 1.0mg/L,以腐殖质土:菜园土=1:1基质可促进小苗后期生长,加速成苗。     

沙田柚茎尖嫁接苗离体培养的研究

对沙田柚茎尖嫁接苗的离体培养进行了研究,结果表明:顶芽在MS 0.5mg/L6-BA上生长较好,成活率为100%,单个外植体平均不定芽数为2.2,但不定芽生长极慢,成苗困难.加入0.2～0.5mg/LIBA,顶芽生长加快,但单个外植体平均不定芽数下降.带有1cm长枳壳砧木的茎尖在MS 0.5mg/L6-BA上可以形成丛芽,单个外植体平均不定芽数为4.5,而且不定芽生长迅速.虽然我们未能诱导外植体不定根发生,但通过试管嫁接可以获得完整植株.     

小叶栒子的组织培养

1植物名称小叶枸子(Cotoneaster microphyllus). 2材料类别茎尖及带腋芽的茎段. 3培养条件芽诱导培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) IBA 0.1;增殖培养基:(2)MS 6-BA0.8 IBA 0.3,(3)MS 6-BA 0.3 IBA 0.3,(4)MS 6-BA 0.1 IBA 0.5,(5)MS 6-BA 0.3 IBA 0.5,(6)MS 6-BA 0.5 IBA 0.5,(7)MS 6-BA 0.1 IBA0.5 TDZ 0.005;生根培养基:(8)1/2MS IBA 0.1,(9)1/2MS IBA 0.2,(10)1/2MS IBA 0.3,(11)1/2MS IBA 0.4,(12)1/2MS IBA 0.5,(13)1/2MS IBA 0.6.培养基均加入0.5%琼脂,诱导、增殖培养基加3%蔗糖,生根培养基加2%蔗糖,pH 6.0.光照度1500～2000 lx,光照时间10 h·d-1.培养温度15～25℃.空气湿度40%～70%.     

峨眉姜花离体培养与快速繁殖(简报)

以峨眉姜花地下茎茎尖为外植体,在MS+6-BA 8.0~10.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L培养基上可诱导不定芽,在MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+3%蔗糖培养基上进行增殖培养,在1/2 MS+IBA 0.5 mg/L+2%蔗糖培养基上进行生根培养后移栽入珍珠岩:泥炭(1:1)的混合基质中,成活率达87%。     

A Preliminary Study on Direct Regeneration of Flower Buds from Peduncle Calli in Dracaena fragrans cv. massangeana

Flower buds were directly regenerated from calli in vitro in the woody plant Dracaena fragrans cv. massangeana Hort. On modified MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6-BA and 1.0 mg/L IBA, two kinds of calli, A and B, were formed from the peduncle explants cultured for 5 months. Calli A were loose and on their surface there were many irregular granule-like structures (GLC); Calli B were compact and had bigger tumor-like structures (TLC) on their surface. When the GLC and TLC were transferred onto the medium respectively with 0.4 mg/L 6-BA and 1.0 mg/L IBA, flower buds were differentiated directly from the GLC but only vegetative buds and roots were differentiated from the TLC after culturing for 4 weeks. The GLC could be partly transformed into TLC in the continuous passage culture. Assays on hormones revealed that at a fixed IBA concentration of 0.4 mg/L the defferentiation frequency of flower budding was increased as the 6-BA concentration was decreased from 2.0 mg/L to 10 mg/L. Alternatively, at a fixed 6-BA concentration of 2.0 mg/L, the flower budding frequency was increased when the IBA concentration was changed from 0.4 mg/L to 1.0 mg/L. Moreover, the addition of 2.0 mg/L zeatin to the culture medium containing 2.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.4 mg/L IBA was favorable to the regeneration of the flower buds. Nevertheless supplementing 1.0 mg/L GA3 into the medium on which the calli had differentiated into flower buds, the flower buds would gradually wither after 2 weeks in culture.     

四数九里香组织培养(简报)

以四数九里香新生带腋芽茎段为外植体,研究取材时期、6-BA浓度及生长素种类对外植体生长的影响,探讨不同浓度活性炭对外植体褐化的影响。结果表明,四数九里香组织培养适宜的取材时期为4月;外植体腋芽诱导率在6-BA浓度为2.5 mg·L^-1时表现较高;IBA是较适宜外植体生长的生长素;活性炭浓度为1.5 g·L^-1可有效减轻外植体褐化;组织培养适宜的启动培养基为MS + 6-BA 2.5 mg·L^-1 + IBA 0.1 mg·L^-1 + GA3 0.3 mg·L^-1 + 活性炭1.5 g·L^-1。     

植物生长调节剂对转基因鱼腥藻7120生长与外源基因表达的影响

适宜浓度的IBA、6-BA、赤霉酸和氯化胆碱均促进转基因鱼腥藻7120生长,提高其生物量,不影响外源基因表达,但从总体上讲高浓度植物生长调节剂则抑制藻细胞生长,降低外源基因表达水平.这些植物生长调节剂混合施用促进转基因鱼腥藻生长效果不如单一因子好,外源基因表达水平也略有下降.     

Modification of gibberellin biosynthesis in the grafted apple scion allows control of tree height independent of the rootstock

The availability of short stature apple scions that required minimal applications of chemical growth retardants and could be used with a range of rootstocks would be of considerable benefit to fruit growers. We have suppressed the expression of a gene encoding the gibberellin (GA) biosynthetic enzyme GA 20-oxidase to reduce the levels of bioactive GAs in a scion variety, resulting in significant reductions in stem height. Application of GA3 reversed the effect. The scion remained dwarfed after grafting on to normally invigorating rootstocks, whilst control plants of the same cultivar displayed the expected vigour when grafted on to these rootstocks. This approach could be applicable to any perennial crop variety, allowing dwarf trees to be obtained on any available rootstock or on their own roots without the need for chemical growth retardant application. In effect, seedlings that are well suited to local conditions (drought, salinity) could be employed as tree rootstocks, as could existing rootstocks valued for characters other than vigour control, such as pest and disease resistance.     

珍贵用材树种红椿的组培育苗技术初探

以红椿种子为外植体材料,对其组织培养技术进行初步研究。结果表明,适宜红椿种子无菌苗芽诱导的培养基为MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg·L^-1＋NAA 0.2 mg·L^-1,适宜的芽继代增殖培养基为2/3MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg·L^-1＋NAA 0.2 mg·L^-1＋GA3 1.0 mg·L^-1,适宜生根培养基为1/2MS＋IBA 0.5 mg·L^-1,以泥炭土、黄心土、河沙按1∶1∶1混合作为基质,移栽成活率达85%以上。     

激素对洋桔梗植株再生的影响及生根培养的研究

以MS为基本培养基 ,附加不同浓度的 6 BA、KT、NAA和IBA诱导洋桔梗叶片外植体的再生植株。结果表明 :MS +6 BA 0 .5～ 1 .0mg/L(单位下同 ) +NAA 0 .2和MS +6 BA 0 .5～ 1 .0 +IBA 0 .2培养基都能诱导外植体产生愈伤组织 ,但 6 BA的浓度必须小于 1 .0mg/L ,否则会导致组织的严重玻璃化 ;MS +KT 1 .0～2 .0 +NAA 0 .2或MS +KT 1 .0～ 2 .0 +IBA 0 .2培养基也能诱导外植体产生愈伤组织 ,愈伤组织出现的时间较早且质地较好 ,适合分化。继代培养时 ,MS培养基中仅加 6 BA 0 .5mg/L或KT 0 .5mg/L ,即能获得较高的分化率。生根培养研究中 ,培养液为 1 /2MS+5 0g/L糖 +IBA 2mg/L的前处理 ,生根效果较好 ,生根率接近基质生根培养的生根率。     

不同培养基及外源激素对西洋参毛状根的生长和皂甙含量的影响

分析了1/2MS、改良White、SJ-1、改良Nisch、B5和B5-I6种液体培养基、水解乳蛋白（LH）以及IAA、IBA、NAA、6-BA和ABA5种激素对西洋参（Panax quinquefolium L.)毛状根生长及皂甙含量影响。用高效液相色谱法测定部分毛状根状品的4种单体皂甙含量。结果表明SJ-1和B5培养基较好,水解乳蛋白可增加毛状根的鲜重,但降低毛状根中总皂甙的含量。IAA、IBA和ABA对毛状根的生长促进作用,6-BA对皂甙积累有显著促进作用,并较大幅度地提高Rb1在总甙中所占的比例。