基于生态系统服务供需平衡的粤港澳大湾区生态安全格局构建

构建生态安全格局是控制城市蔓延、实现区域生态安全和促进社会可持续发展的重要途经。维持生态系统服务供需平衡是生态安全健康发展的保障和关键。现有相关研究在生态源地的识别过程中缺乏对生态系统服务供需平衡,以及生态系统服务的人类活动效应的考量。因此,如何顾及生态系统服务供需平衡和人类活动识别生态源地,是构建区域生态安全格局需要解决的重要问题。以粤港澳大湾区为研究对象,基于生态系统服务供需平衡识别初始生态源地,并根据生态系统服务随土地开发程度的梯度效应进一步确定最终生态源地,而后结合生态廊道、生态战略点的识别,最终确定粤港澳大湾区生态安全格局。结果表明：(1)研究区生态系统服务供需空间匹配程度较弱,表现为四周高供给-低需求,中部高需求-低供给的空间分布特征;(2)研究区生态系统服务综合供给具有随土地开发程度增加而呈显著下降的特征,且存在显著的突变点(阈值)。即在土地开发程度超过28.27%时的生态系统服务综合供给迅速下降;(3)研究区共有100块生态源地,总面积为7344.24km²,整体呈“东西部多-中部空”的外围环绕式分布结构;(4)研究区共有175条生态廊道,总长度为...     

粤港澳大湾区生态系统健康时空变化及其对城镇化的响应

区域生态系统健康评价是获取区域生态系统状况的重要手段，对生态保护和恢复具有现实的指导意义。研究从人类与生态系统耦合角度出发，基于生态系统完整性以及人类对生态系统服务的需求，在“活力-组织力-弹性”框架基础上引入生态系统服务供需指标构建评价框架。以粤港澳大湾区为例，分析2005—2018年生态系统健康时空变化特征及其对城镇化的响应。研究结果表明：(1)2005—2018年间，大湾区生态系统健康呈现中部低四周高的空间格局，以好，较好和一般水平为主；从时间变化上来看，大湾区四周山区生态系统健康状况有所改善，而中部地区健康状况则逐渐恶化。(2)大湾区生态系统活力在改善区域生态系统健康中发挥了重要的作用；此外，生态系统服务供需对传统生态系统健康评价结果进行适当修正，生态系统服务供需赤字加剧了中部地区生态系统健康状况的恶化。(3)大湾区生态系统健康与人口城镇化、土地城镇化间均存在显著的空间负相关性，其中，土地城镇化对生态系统健康的负面影响越来越显著，特别是大湾区中部地区。研究以期为生态系统健康评价提供新思路，同时为大湾区生态系统保护与管理提供参考。     

承灾脆弱性视角下的生态系统服务需求评估及供需空间匹配

生态系统服务供需空间分布格局及匹配关系是生态系统服务领域的热点问题。将生态系统服务聚焦于增强城市系统承受自然灾害的能力和恢复力功能上,引入承灾脆弱性表征生态系统服务需求。选择首批经济特区之一的珠海市为案例研究区,土壤保持服务为供需分析的对象,利用承灾脆弱性评价城市系统及居民的服务需求并刻画需求的空间异质性,采用基于"3S技术"的In VEST模型定量评估服务供给潜力,从流域与镇、街道两种尺度分析生态系统服务供需匹配状况,以期为市级土地利用管理、景观格局优化及城市经济建设提供建议。研究结果表明:根据供需空间匹配状况,珠海市包含高供给高需求、低供给高需求、低供给低需求与高供给低需求四种供需匹配类型。珠海市土壤保持服务供需空间错位状况较为严重,人口密集的城镇区域需求极高但供给严重缺乏,部分生态源地的高供给无法惠及周边区域人口;兼顾经济建设与生态保护的高供给高需求地区仅占全域面积的8.7%;以农业导向且经济发展缓慢的低供给低需求地区分布较广。是对生态系统服务供给与需求的空间异质性刻画及供需空间匹配的重要尝试,为城市建设和生态管理提供参考。     

基于生态系统服务供需匹配与耦合协调的生态管理分区——以大连市为例

生态管理分区是建设用地扩张指引和生态空间管控的重要依据,对维护区域生态安全和生态文明建设具有重要意义。以我国北方沿海重要中心城市——大连市为例,选取食物供给、水源涵养、固碳释氧、土壤保持、生境维持和美学景观6项指标,综合运用模型法及生态经济学方法量化生态系统服务供给,并结合土地利用、人口和经济现状定量评估2015年生态系统服务需求。利用象限匹配法和耦合协调度模型,探究千米网格尺度下生态系统服务供需匹配关系和协调关系及其区域差异,进而通过空间叠置分析划分生态管理分区并提出相应管理措施,旨在为区域内生态修复以及差异化建设提供科学参考。研究结果表明：①大连市生态系统服务供需具有显著空间异质性,总体呈现北部林地和东西部沿海生态系统服务供给高、需求低,中南内陆城镇区生态系统服务供给低、需求高的空间格局;②生态系统服务供需不匹配和失调特征明显,匹配类型以高供给-低需求和低供给-高需求为主,生态系统服务供需耦合协调度平均值为0.38,表现为轻度失调;③综合分析将大连分为4个生态管理区,其中,生态涵养区为高供低需-供需失调区,要以保护为主培育为辅,重点保护;生态农业区为高需-供需平衡区,以生态保护和生态建设为主,提高其投入产出效率;生态改良为低供高需-供需失调区,以生态建设和整治为主,综合改善生态系统服务水平;生态一般保护区为高供-供需失调区,以综合保护为主,提高生态溢出效应。     

基于土地利用变化与生态系统服务供需的中国野生亚洲象时空迁移特征分析

2021年4月,我国15头野生亚洲象(Elephas maximus)从西双版纳一路北迁至昆明市受到了全世界的关注,分析我国野生亚洲象分布区土地利用变化、生态系统服务供需关系如何影响野生亚洲象分布,对保护亚洲象与提高当地人类福祉具有重要的意义。利用生态系统服务价值当量因子法和生态系统服务需求模型计算中国野生亚洲象分布区1990、2005、2015年生态系统服务供给价值与需求指数,通过空间标准化匹配出四种生态系统服务供需模式,探究我国野生亚洲象偏好分布的供需模式。结果表明,林地、草地和耕地是最主要的土地利用类型,1990—2015年,林地、草地和耕地的面积变化率分别为1.09%、-4.82%、-4.86%。1990、2005、2015年生态系统供给总价值分别为6108.55亿元、7434.41亿元、13973.37亿元;生态系统服务需求不断提高,整体呈现中间高,四周低的分布格局。在研究的25年内,亚洲象分布于高供给-高需求与高供给-低需求区域,且有向高供给-高需求区域迁徙的趋势。     

湟水流域生态系统服务供需匹配关系

生态系统服务供需可以反映出区域生态经济发展协调水平，在空间上量化生态系统服务的供给和需求，识别生态系统服务的供需匹配关系，对区域生态系统可持续管理具有重要意义。湟水流域是西北生态屏障建设的重要组成部分，其生态系统服务供需平衡直接关系到青海东部地区的生态安全，为了识别流域生态系统服务供需匹配状况，综合集成多源数据，运用多种生物物理模型定量评估湟水流域食物生产、产水、土壤保持和碳固定服务，刻画流域内生态系统服务供需格局的空间特征，揭示各项生态系统服务供需的空间聚集模式，生成具有高度连通性的区域，为生态优先保护区划分提供参考。研究表明：（1）湟水流域生态系统服务供给和需求在空间分布上具有高度异质性，除去产水服务，其他三项生态系统服务整体上能够满足流域内部需求，但局部区域仍然呈现明显的赤字特征；（2）不同生态系统服务的供需比差异明显，由高到低依次为是碳固存（0.188）、食物生产（0.114）、土壤保持（0.026）和产水服务（-0.021），各项服务的供需比都具有显著的空间差异；（3）流域内生态系统服务供需的空间错配现象突出，除产水服务外，各项生态系统服务都有"高供给低需求"地区和"低供给高需求"地区，"高供给低需求"区主要分布在流域上游生态基底条件好的区域，"低供给高需求"区集中在流域中下游的河湟谷地；（4）土地利用类型影响生态系统服务供需平衡，流域实现供需平衡需要适度增加林草地比例，控制耕地和城市用地的扩张。研究系统分析了湟水流域生态系统服务供需盈亏状况，可为流域生态系统可持续管理与土地资源配置决策提供科学支撑。     

粤港澳大湾区生态系统服务识别、分类及制图

海岸带生态系统服务识别、分类与制图是合理利用海岸带自然资源,协调海岸带开发与保护矛盾的重要基础。现有生态系统服务分类方法在海岸带应用存在一定的局限性。在前人研究的基础上,以我国城市化和工业化水平较高的粤港澳大湾区为研究区,对该区域海岸带生态系统服务进行识别、分类,并在此基础上使用地图大数据与遥感解译的土地利用数据对海岸带生态系统服务进行了制图。共识别出35种海岸带生态系统服务,并对其中的31种服务进行制图。结果表明,建立的这套方法能较为系统地展示粤港澳大湾区生态系统服务的类型及空间分布特征。具体而言,该区域供给服务和文化服务在城市中心区较为集中,而调节服务多分布于城市周边。对识别的生态系统服务进行综合叠加分析,可将研究区分为文化服务主体区、供给服务主体区、调节服务主体区。建立的海岸带生态系统服务识别、分类体系和制图方法可操作性强,能为我国海岸带生态系统的保育、修复和重建提供科学基础。     

粤港澳大湾区生态系统服务时空演化及其权衡与协同特征

打造国际一流湾区和世界级城市群的粤港澳大湾区,生态保护、环境优化与城市发展、经济开放具有同等重要地位,掌握其城镇化过程中生态系统及其服务变化状况有助于科学合理、有针对性的制定生态保护修复相关政策。基于2000-2015年粤港澳大湾区生态系统宏观格局变化,分析了大湾区生态系统生产力、水源涵养、土壤保持服务的时空演化特征,进而探讨了供给与调节服务之间的权衡与协同关系。结果表明：（1）森林与农田是大湾区的主体生态系统,面积占大湾区国土面积的54.1%和22.8%,近15年由于城镇面积快速增长（增幅达68.6%）,导致森林、农田、湿地面积不断减少。（2）基于净初级生产力的供给服务量和土壤保持量整体上均呈现轻度增加趋势,特别是江门、肇庆等生态服务主要提供区域;东南部最高、北部次之、中部偏低的水源涵养量,除西北部呈现增加趋势以外,其它区域皆呈现减少趋势;城镇扩张是生态系统供给、调节服务明显减少的主要影响因素。（3）大湾区生态系统供给服务与水源涵养、土壤保持调节服务之间的相关关系均以协同为主,然而,在大湾区东北部和南部的广州、惠州、江门等区域呈现明显的权衡关系,提示大湾区发展过程中,需要在这些呈现权衡关系的区域实施有针对性的生态保护修复措施,优化绿地结构、保护生态空间,减少城镇扩张和不合理的人类活动对生态系统服务的消极影响,建设生态优美、文化繁荣的美丽湾区。     

基于生态系统服务供求评价的空间分异特征与生态格局划分——以长三角城市群为例

生态系统服务供给与需求能力存在显著的空间异质性与空间失衡,对区域经济发展与环境保护产生巨大影响。以长三角城市群区县为研究单元,分别核算其生态系统服务供给与需求值,引入梯度分析,分析生态系统服务供给与需求的空间特征,并基于供求分析提出长三角城市群生态格局分区方案,且针对性地提出相应片区的发展策略,为长三角城市群土地利用规划、区域协调发展提供科学依据。研究结果表明:(1)长三角城市群生态系统服务供给能力与土地利用类型密切相关,呈现从北到南逐渐升高趋势;(2)长三角城市群生态系统服务需求能力与社会经济发展联系紧密,在长江入海口附近形成生态系统服务需求高值区,然后向外围递减;(3)沪宁杭庐发展梯度带上,生态系统服务供需大致呈现负相关趋势;(4)基于生态系统服务供需关系构建,得到长三角城市群生态格局四大分区:生态保育区(高供给-高需求),生态修复区(低供给-高需求),生态重塑区(低供给-低需求),生态开发区(高供给-低需求)。     

应对暴雨洪涝灾害的平原城市生态水文调节服务供需评估——以天津市为例

生态水文调节服务是生态系统服务的重要组成,能够有效调节地表径流,缓解暴雨洪涝灾害。但由于城市建设扩张、生态环境退化、极端降雨频发等因素,导致生态水文调节服务出现供需失衡。平原城市中地形水动力较弱及城市发展需求高的特征更是加剧了这种现象。基于生态系统供需视角,以生态水文调节率表征城市生态水文调节服务的生态供给,以暴雨洪涝风险表征城市生态水文调节服务的社会需求,构建应对暴雨洪涝灾害的平原城市生态水文调节服务供需研究框架。以典型平原城市天津市为例,应用SWAT模型、随机森林模型和ArcGIS定量测度城市生态水文调节服务供需水平,划分四种供需空间匹配类型,识别供需失衡关键区域,并进行五级规划干预等级分区。结果表明：(1)供给能力呈现“东南沿海高,西北近山低”的空间分布;需求水平表现出“多中心聚集,圈层向外递减”的分布规律。(2)供需空间分布呈现正相关关系,低供-低需在四种供需匹配类型中占据主导,同时空间聚集性最明显。(3)规划干预分区存在明显的空间差异,优先干预区占比5.41%,整体与建成区分布一致,大部分集中在市内六区,其次分布在滨海新区核心区,是未来规划治理的重点。研究结果为城市规划管理从...     

脱氮除硫菌株的分离鉴定和功能确认

从长期稳定运行的脱氮除硫反应器污泥中,分离获得两株具有脱氮除硫功能的芽孢杆菌。经形态观察、生理试验和16SrDNA序列比对,将两菌株归入芽孢杆菌属,菌株CB归类于Bacillus pseudofirmus,菌株CS则与Bacillus hemicellulosilytus和Bacillus halodurans最为接近。以Biolog板检测,菌株CB的基质多样性不明显,菌株CS则可利用Biolog板中多种碳源。菌株CB和菌株CS都能以硝酸盐氧化硫化物,其中菌株CB对硝酸盐、硫化物的转化能力大于CS,菌株CB对硝酸盐的亲和力也大于菌株CS。     

光学量,光子量和单位在激光生物学中的应用

激光生物学是光子学和生物学相结合的交叉边缘学科,根据《光及有关电磁辐射的量和单位》国际标准（ＩＳＯ／ＤＩＳ３１－６,１９９０）和我国国家标准（ＧＢ３１０２．６,１９９３）,本文讨论了在激光生物学中常用的光学量、光子量和单位。     

Effects of acute and chronic administration of secretin and caerulein on rat duodenal and gastric growth

We studied the effects of acute and chronic administration of secretin and caerulein, alone and in combination, on RNA and protein synthesis in the duodenum and oxyntic gland area as well as content of DNA, RNA and protein in rats. Secretin, 100 micrograms . kg-1, three times a day for 5 days, was associated with duodenal hypertrophy after the first 24 h of treatment and hyperplasia at the end of days 2 and 4; hypertrophy of the oxyntic gland area was observed only at 4 h after the first injection. Caerulein, 1 microgram . kg-1, also promoted duodenal hyperplasia after 2 and 4 days of treatment. The oxyntic gland area showed hypertrophy only at 4 h after the second injection of caerulein. These data indicate that both hormones can induce duodenal hyperplasia, probably by an amplification of the normal renewal cycle of the epithelial cells. They also demonstrated that growth of the oxyntic gland area is not promoted by these two peptides at the doses studied.     

重庆市近郊大气无机氮、硫沉降特征及其来源分析

以重庆市近郊中梁山槽谷为研究区,利用气象站和沉降仪获取2017年5月-2018年4月的大气无机氮、硫沉降数据和降水δ¹⁵N-NO₃^-、δ¹⁸O-NO₃^-和δ³⁴S-SO₄^2-、δ¹⁸O-SO₄^2-数据,通过离子浓度比值、同位素值和气团后向轨迹探讨了研究区大气中氮、硫沉降变化特征及其来源。结果表明：（1）大气DIN总沉降量为19.99 kg/hm²,干、湿沉降量分别占11%和89%;大气S总沉降量为32.62 kg/hm²,干、湿沉降量分别占13%和87%。大气氮、硫湿沉降量与降水量均呈正相关（n=12,P < 0.01）,氮、硫干湿沉降量具有明显的季节差异。（2）降水NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N比值介于0.45-2.2之间,雨季（5-10月）NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N>1,旱季（11-次年4月）NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N<1,表明雨季氮主要来源于农业源,旱季来源于工业和交通源;降水NO₃^-/SO₄^2-比值介于0.1-1.25之间,平均值为0.63,表明硫来源以固定污染源（燃煤）为主。（3）大气降水δ¹⁵N-NO₃^-、δ¹⁸O-NO₃^-值分别为-3.8‰-3.9‰（平均值为0.4‰±2.6‰）和58.7‰-98.7‰（平均值为76.1‰±14.3‰）,夏季偏负,冬季偏正;降水δ³⁴S-SO₄^2-和δ¹⁸O-SO₄^2-变化范围分别为1.3‰-3.2‰（平均值为2.3‰±1‰）和5.3‰-8.5‰（平均值为7.1‰±1.6‰）,大气降水中NO₃^-和SO₄^2-主要来源于当地的化石燃料燃烧,同时受到周边污染物的远距离传输影响。（4）气团后向轨迹表明影响研究区氮、硫干湿沉降来源的主要因素是东亚季风,北东-南西走向的川东平行岭谷大地貌格局加剧了季风的影响。     

桃果实细胞内糖酸分布对果实甜酸风味的影响

以成熟‘白凤’桃果实为实验材料,采用区室化分析方法计算细胞内液泡、细胞质和细胞间隙中各糖酸组分的含量,并用调查问卷的方式对成熟桃果实甜酸风味进行评价打分,研究果肉细胞内各糖酸组分含量及其分布对果实甜酸风味的影响。结果表明:(1)成熟桃果实中可溶性糖(蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和山梨醇)在液泡、细胞质和细胞间隙的含量分别为27.3、11.6和9.0mg·g-1,有机酸(苹果酸、柠檬酸、奎宁酸和莽草酸)含量分别为2.09、0.94和0.35mg·g-1;蔗糖和苹果酸含量分别占果实可溶性糖和有机酸含量的80.6%和77.0%,是成熟桃果实中糖和酸的主要储存形式。(2)果实细胞内各糖酸组分通过细胞膜的渗透速率明显高于液泡膜。(3)块状处理桃果实液泡、细胞质与细胞间隙中的糖含量比、酸含量比及糖酸比分别为3.0∶1.3∶1.0、6.0∶2.7∶1.0、13.9∶12.4∶23.1,而匀浆处理果实的细胞结构被破坏,其不同细胞器中的比例分别为1.0∶1.0∶1.0、1.0∶1.0∶1.0、14.0∶14.0∶14.0;块状果实风味评价得分(2.99)明显高于匀浆处理果实(1.98)。研究认为,桃果实细胞中液泡、细胞质和细胞间隙之间糖酸含量以及糖酸比的差异可能是导致果实甜度风味变化的重要原因。     

Free and ester-bound triterpene alcohols and sterols in cellular subfractions of Calendula officinalis flowers

In the chromoplast fraction and in the chromoplast-free fraction, obtained from Calendula officinalis ligulate flowers, the contents of individual free and ester-bound triterpene alcohols and sterols as well as the fatty acid components of the ester form were determined. It was shown that all sterols and triterpene monols in both forms occur in the two subtractions investigated, whereas all diols are localized only in the chromoplast fraction. The compositions of the fatty acids esterifying monols and sterols were similar to those esterifying diols in the chromoplasts. However, the fatty acids esterifying extra-chromoplast monols and sterols were different. This result indicates that triterpene monol esters are substrates for the biosynthesis of 3-monoesters of diols.     

Different effects of dark treatment on pigment composition and photosystem I and II activities in intact cotyledons and primary leaves of Cucurbita pepo (zucchini)

Darkness mediates different senescence-related responses depending on the targeting of dark treatment (whole plants or individual leaves) and the organs that perceive the signal (leaves or cotyledons). In this study, we presented data on the differential effects of 2-day dark treatment on progression of senescence in cotyledons and primary leaves of 14-day-old plants of Cucurbita pepo L. (zucchini). The lack of changes in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents as well as in the PSI activity measured by the far-red induced alterations in the P₇₀₀ oxidation levels and the quantum yield of electron transport from Q _A ⁻ to PSI end acceptors () indicated higher resistance of cotyledons to the applied dark stress compared to the primary leaves. In contrast to cotyledons, PSI activity in the primary leaves was significantly inhibited. Concerning the activity of PSII analyzed by the changes in the JIP-test parameters (the maximal efficiency of PSII photochemistry, ; the performance index, PI_ABS; the efficiency of Q _A ⁻ reoxidation, ψ ₀ and the effective dissipation per reaction center, DI₀/RC), no differences were observed between cotyledons and primary leaves, thus suggesting that PSI activity in the true leaves was more susceptible to the applied dark stress. The transfer of the darkened plants to normal light regime resulted in delayed senescence in cotyledons which was in contrast to results on Arabidopsis, thus implying the existence of specific mechanisms of cotyledon senescence in different monocarpic plants.     

Effects of potassium on the anion and cation contents of primary cultures of mouse astrocytes and neurons

Inastrocytes, as [K⁺]_o was increased from 1.2 to 10 mM, [K⁺]_i and [Cl^–]_i were increased, whereas [Na⁺]_i was decreased. As [K⁺]_o was increased from 10 to 60 mM, intracellular concentration of these three ions showed no significant change. When [K⁺]_o was increased from 60 to 122 mM, an increase in [K⁺]_i and [Cl^–]_i and a decrease in [Na⁺]_i were observed.Inneurons, as [K⁺]_o was increased from 1.2 to 2.8 mM, [Na⁺]_i and [Cl^–]_i were decreased, whereas [K⁺]_i was increased. As [K⁺]_o was increased from 2.8 to 30 mM, [K⁺]_i, [Na⁺]_i and [Cl^–]_i showed no significant change. When [K⁺]_o was increased from 30 to 122 mM, [K⁺]_i and [Cl^–]_i were increased, whereas [Na⁺]_i was decreased. Inastrocytes, pH_i increased when [K⁺]_o was increased. Inneurons, there was a biphasic change in pH_i. In lower [K⁺]_o (1.2–2.8 mM) pH_i decreased as [K⁺]_o increased, whereas in higher [K⁺]_o (2.8–122 mM) pH_i was directly related to [K⁺]_o. In bothastrocytes andneurons, changes in [K⁺]_o did not affect the extracellular water content, whereas the intracellular water content increased as the [K⁺]_o increased. Transmembrane potential (E_m) as measured with Tl-204 was inversely related to [K⁺]_o between 1.2 and 90 mM, a ten-fold increase in [K⁺]_o depolarized the astrocytes by about 56 mV and the neurons about 52 mV. The E_m values measured with Tl-204 were close to the potassium equilibrium potential (E_k) except those in neurons at lower [K⁺]_o. However, they were not equal to the chloride equilibrium potential (E_Cl) at [K⁺]_o lower than 30 mM in both astrocytes and neurons. Results of this study demonstrate that alteration of [K⁺]_o produced different changes in [K⁺]_i, [Na⁺]_i, [Cl^–]_i, and pH_i in astrocytes and neurons. The data show that astrocytes can adapt to alterations in [K⁺]_o, in such a way to maintain a more suitable environment for neurons.     

Response and correlation of above- and below-ground functional traits of Leymus chinensis to nitrogen and phosphorus additions

AimsLeymus chinensis is a constructive and dominant species in typical steppe of northern China. The structure and functions of L. chinensis grassland ecosystem has been degenerated seriously due to long-term overgrazing in recent decades. As an effective measure to restore the degraded grasslands, the effects of nutrient addition on plant growth and ecosystem structure and functioning have been paid more attention in manipulation experimental research. The effects of nutrient addition, especially P addition on the above- and below-ground functional traits of L. chinensis have rarely been studied; particularly the underpinning mechanisms remain unclear. Our objective is to examine the responses and adaptive mechanisms of L. chinensis to different levels of N and P additions. MethodsWe conducted a culture experiment in the greenhouse, with three levels of N (50, 100 and 250 mg N·kg^-1) and P (5, 10 and 25 mg P·kg^-1) addition treatments. The above- and below-ground biomass, leaf traits (e.g., specific leaf area, leaf N and P contents) and root traits (e.g., specific root length, root N and P contents) of L. chinensis were determined in this study.Important findings Our results showed that: 1) the aboveground biomass and total biomass of L. chinensis were mostly affected by N addition, while the belowground biomass was mainly affected by P addition. N addition greatly enhanced the aboveground biomass of L. chinensis, while P addition reduced the belowground biomass at the moderate and high N levels. The root-shoot ratio of L. chinensis was influenced by both N and P additions, and root-shoot ratio decreased with increasing N and P levels. N and P additions promoted more biomass and N and P allocations to aboveground and leaf biomass. 2) Leymus chinensis showed different responses and adaptive mechanisms to P addition at low and high N levels. At low N level, L. chinensis exhibited high photosynthetic rate and specific root length (SRL) to improve photosynthetic capacity and root N acquisition, which promoted aboveground biomass. High root P content was favorable for belowground biomass. At high N level, P addition did not significantly affect plant growth of L. chinensis, even reduced its belowground biomass. Leymus chinensis showed high specific leaf area (SLA) and SRL to improve light interception and N acquisition in order to maintain stable aboveground biomass. 3) P addition greatly impacted below-ground than above-ground functional traits. SLA exhibited a weakly positive correlation with SRL, indicating L. chinensis exhibited relatively independence of resource acquirement and utilization between leaf and root functional traits.