人干扰素和脑啡肽融合蛋白的表达和生物学活性

以INFα-m基因为模版,采用overlapping PCR技术构建甲硫氨酸脑啡肽干扰素表达质粒pBV220/Enk-/Met-INFα-m,转化大肠杆菌DH5α表达,产物以包涵体形式存在.包涵体经分离、变性、复性,然后经CM-Sepharose-FF、DEAE-Sepharose-FF离子交换层析和Sephacryal-HR100分子筛纯化,获得较纯的Enk-IFNα-m融合蛋白.生物活性检测表明,融合蛋白不仅具有干扰素的抗病毒、抗增殖、增强NK细胞功能的活性,而且具有脑啡肽的脑内镇痛作用.     

脑啡肽-αⅠ干扰素的镇痛作用和抗肿瘤作用

从大肠杆菌工程菌中纯化脑啡肽-αⅠ干扰素融合蛋白,测定其在小鼠脑内的镇痛作用,阿片受体结合功能及对肿瘤细胞生长抑制和体内抗肿瘤作用.结果显示,与αⅠ干扰素母体相比,融合蛋白具有较强的镇痛作用, 镇痛作用可为腹腔注射阿片受体拮抗剂Naloxone和Naltrindole 反转, 融合蛋白可竞争³H标记σ型阿片受体配基DPDPE与膜受体结合.融合蛋白的肿瘤细胞生长抑制和体内抗肿瘤作用也高于母体分子, 说明脑啡肽和αⅠ干扰素的融合蛋白实现并增强了脑啡肽-αⅠ干扰素融合蛋白的双重功能.     

siRNA干扰HSV1 gD糖蛋白基因的研究

以HSV1 gD糖蛋白基因为靶点,设计合成5对siRNA,并构建pEGFP-N1-gD融合表达质粒,脂质体法共转染Vero细胞,利用绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)报告基因的特征,流式细胞仪筛选特异沉默gD表达的siRNA。然后有效siRNA转染Vero细胞并感染HSV1,通过空斑减数实验,Real-time PCR和子代病毒滴度评价其对HSV-1感染的作用。结果显示siRNA能有效抑制gD-EGFP融合蛋白和感染细胞内gD糖蛋白的表达,但对HSV-1的感染性无明显抑制作用,故选择gD作为siRNA抗病毒靶点还需进一步的论证。     

胸腺素α1与复合α干扰素融合蛋白的表达及其生物学活性

实验旨在获得具有双重生物学活性的重组胸腺素α1(Thymosin alphal,TM-α1)与复合α干扰素(IFNα-con)融合蛋白.选择大肠杆菌偏爱的密码子.将合成的TM-α1与IFNα-con编码序列构成的融和基因克隆至大肠杆菌表达载体pET-22b( )、在宿主茵BL21(DE3)-Codon plus-RP-X中成功表达了可溶性融合蛋白(TM-α1.IFN-con).表达量占总蛋白的20%以上.通过硫酸铵沉淀、疏水层析,阴离子交换层析、阳离子交换层析,分子筛层析后,产品纯度达到96%以上.采用细胞病变抑制法测定融合蛋白的抗病毒活性,采用细胞增殖实验检测融合蛋白对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响.结果表明.融合蛋白的抗病毒活性优于市售的IFNα1b和IFNα2a.对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响与市售的合成胸腺素α1相同.已有研究证实.该融合蛋白具有良好的体外抗HBV作用.其体外抗HBV活性比联合应用TM-α1和干扰素α强,且细胞毒性明显低于联合应用TM-α1和干扰素α,以上结果表明,通过大肠杆菌表达的可溶性融合蛋白(TM-α1.IFN-con).既具有良好的干扰素α抗病毒作用.也具有胸腺素α1促淋巴细胞增殖作用.     

双抗体夹心ELISA定量检测IFNβ-HSA融合蛋白方法的建立

为了建立β干扰素与人血清白蛋白融合蛋白(IFNβ-HSA)的酶联免疫定量分析方法,以抗IFNβ单克隆抗体为包被抗体,IFNβ-HSA融合蛋白为夹心抗原,辣根过氧化酶(HRP)标记抗HSA单克隆抗体为检测抗体,建立了一种定量测定IFNβ-HSA融合蛋白的双抗体夹心ELISA方法.并进行了检测限、精密度、准确度和稳定性等方法学考核.结果表明,包被抗体和检测抗体的最佳工作浓度均为2μg/ml,抗原浓度在51.88-3320 ng/ml范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数R2>0.99.检测限为10ng/m1.经方法学考核,批内、批间变异系数分别为4.86%和8.08%,回收率为91.9%～110.4%,与IFN-B、IFN-α、HSA、IFNα2b-HSA基本无交叉反应.健全性分析表明发酵液稀释倍数对该方法无影响,8 d连续检测标准曲线表明稳定性良好.这种定量检测IFNβ-HSA融合蛋白的双抗体夹心ELISA方法,灵敏度高,重复性好,为当前融合蛋白发酵优化、分离纯化研究提供了定量检测的方法,并为后期药代动力学、临床研究提供了思路和备选方法.     

人血清白蛋白和人干扰素α2b的融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的表达

为了延长IFNα2b在血浆中的半衰期,构建了编码HSA和hIFNα2b的融合基因并在毕赤酵母中获得高效表达,工程菌经5L发酵罐培养后获得的含融合蛋白的培养液经超滤浓缩、蓝色葡聚糖凝胶层析、疏水柱层析以及阴离子柱层析,融合蛋白的纯度达到95%以上。该融合蛋白能与干扰素抗体和人血清白蛋白抗体结合,并表现出与重组干扰素α2b相似的抗病毒活性。以猕猴为动物模型,分别从静脉和皮下单剂量给药,给药浓度为90μg/kg时,在336h后血浆中仍可检测到融合蛋白。其静脉注射的血浆半衰期为101h,皮下注射的半衰期为68.2h。皮下注射的生物利用度为67.9%。IFNα2b与HSA融合后,明显的延长了血浆半衰期,显现了其良好的临床应用前景。     

人单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型(HSV-Ⅱ)实验感染树鼩的研究

本文探查了树鼩对人单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型（HSV-Ⅱ）的敏感性。其结果报道如下: （一）动物感染HSV-Ⅱ后的死亡率:树鼩经HSV—Ⅱ感染后第3天开始死亡,5一7天死亡数达到高峰。腹腔感染组第7天死亡率达80.2％,第14天为100％;阴道感染的动物死亡率为76.8％,见表1。以兔肾细胞悬液经阴道填充和腹腔注射的对照动物无1例死亡。     

人干扰素α1b突变体IFNα1b/31K的构建及其生物学评价

目的:构建干扰素α1b突变体IFNα1b/31K,以期获得高效低毒的新型药物分子。方法:根据合理药物设计,采用定点突变技术,将干扰素α1b第31位氨基酸残基突变为K,并构建表达IFNα1b/31K重组蛋白。纯化后,对其抗病毒活性、抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性和动物体内急性毒性进行考察。结果:IFNα1b/31K表达量占菌体总蛋白的30%以上。纯化后的IFNα1b/31K纯度大于95%,比活性约为IFNα1b的1.7倍,抗肿瘤增殖活性比IFNα1b降低,未见对实验动物的急性毒性作用。结论:成功设计构建并表达了高效低毒的IFNα1b突变蛋白分子。     

脑啡肽-干扰素融合蛋白具有外周镇痛作用

研究干扰素-脑啡肽融合蛋白的外周镇痛作用和机制.对小鼠进行热损伤诱导,采用经典热板法测定小鼠后肢脚趾外周涂抹干扰素、脑啡肽融合蛋白的痛阈变化,并用阿片选择性拮抗剂纳曲酮、纳络酮及干扰素单抗进行阻断试验.与干扰素母体相比,融合蛋白具有较强的外周镇痛作用,这种作用可被纳络酮、干扰素单抗逆转或阻断.融合蛋白具有较强镇痛功能,可作为外用镇痛候选药物,其作用机理与干扰素受体、阿片μ受体有关.     

人干扰素α2b和IgG Fc片段融合蛋白显著延长体内半衰期

重组人干扰素α(rHuIFNα)已被广泛用于临床治疗多种人类病毒性疾病和肿瘤。但IFNα在体内半衰期较短从而导致IFNα在用药后数小时即从血浆中被清除。目前常用化学修饰和构建融合蛋白的方法来延长IFNα的半衰期。在本研究中, 构建了IFNα2b与人IgG免疫球蛋白Fc片段的融合基因(IFNα2b-Fcγ)并在毕赤酵母中以二聚体形式分泌表达, 并有部分糖基化。不同亚型Fcγ片段的融合蛋白对IFNα2b抗病毒活性均有一定影响。其中IFNα2b-Fcγ2所受影响最小, 较单纯的IFNα2b降低了2.3倍, 抗病毒活性可达4.29x107 IU/mg, 大鼠皮下注射后循环血液中半衰期达65 h, 血液中存留时间120 h以上, 比商品重组干扰素的体内半衰期延长约8倍, 血液存留时间延长10倍, 显示了其良好的临床应用 前景。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.