中性植酸酶产生菌的激光复合诱变筛选

采用激光复合诱变方式筛选产中性植酸酶的大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、枯草杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),混合波长λ=1.06 0.53μm,辐照时间1 m in,辐照功率15 W;酶的细胞定位实验表明,所产中性植酸酶是胞外酶;酶学特性测定表明,大肠杆菌所产植酸酶酶反应最适pH为7.4,最适温度为37℃,枯草杆菌所产植酸酶反应最适pH为7.4,最适温度为37℃;酶学性质分析表明,大肠杆菌所产植酸酶具有一定的pH适性和一定的温度耐受性。     

激光诱变筛选高产植酸酶黑曲霉菌株的研究

用1.06um,15KHz高重复率声光调QNd：YAG激光以20W和15W的辐照功率分别照射产植酸酶的黑曲霉孢子液和原生质体液不同时间,检定再生菌落数并经透明圈初筛和摇瓶复筛,测定诱变菌株所产植酸酶酶活。结果表明：20W的功率辐照黑曲霉孢子1′以上,致死率近乎100…,15W功率辐照原生质体液20″-4′,存活率在8.571％-117.14％之间,正变率在27.45％-100％之间,正变辐度60.69％-124.96％,说明原生质体比孢子耐受激光诱变的能力强,并且诱变效果好。筛选到了一株酶活提高达3.75倍的单个变异菌株。     

脱落酸高产菌的激光诱变效应研究

本实验对比紫外、 Ｈｅ Ｎｅ 激光、 Ｎｄ： Ｙ Ａ Ｇ 倍频脉冲激光对脱落酸产生菌的诱变效果。紫外诱变正变率为 ３８４％ ,负变率 ７６９％ ; Ｈｅ Ｎｅ 激光诱变正变率为 ５６％ ; Ｎｄ： Ｙ Ａ Ｇ 倍频脉冲激光诱变正变率为１９６％ 。 Ｎｄ： Ｙ Ａ Ｇ 倍频脉冲激光诱变辐照次数在 ４００ 次时效果较好,所得高产株效价提高率可达 ６０％ 以上     

不同波长的激光对水稻胚芽中可溶性蛋白质及同工酶的作用

用波长0.3371、0.6328μm和1.06μm的激光器,用不同剂量(5、15、50min和3、7、9个脉冲),照射水稻干胚,使其萌动生长72hr后,再用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,分析胚芽中可溶性蛋白质,酯酶同工酶和过氧化物酶同工酶。结果证明,波长0.3371～1.06μm的激光辐照水稻种胚,都能使同一生物大分子的活性和分子结构产生变异。由此认为,不能用辐照离体制备液所得结果去预言在活体上的反应。     

激光参数对果胶酶产生菌变株产酶特性的影响

采用Ｋｒ＾＋、Ａｒ＾＋、Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ、ＬＤ、ＹＡＧ倍频等多种激光辐照果胶酶产生菌－黑曲霉。在同一波长、同一照射剂量下,不同辐照功率与时间的组合将产生变株产酶特性的不同变化,实验中存在着一个最佳辐照时间与功率的组合。在同一照射剂量、同一辐照功率与时间组合的条件下,变株果胶酶活变异率随波长变化基本呈线性关系。紫外光、可见光产生的酶活正变率与最大增幅高于红外光。激光的连续或不同调制频率的输出方式可能影响黑     

曲酸产生菌激光诱变效应的研究

采用经紫外线(UV)、^60Co、亚硝基胍(NTG)复合诱变得到的黄曲霉曲酸产生菌(UCN7—12),进行激光诱变处理。研究证实在经过UV、^60Co、NTG诱变处理后,黄曲霉突变株用He—Ne激光与YAG激光进行诱变处理仍能提高产酸率,其中He—Ne激光辐照处理20min,正变率为12．1％,产量提高约13％。YAG激光辐照处理300sec,正变率16．7％,产量提高18．3％。说明上述两种激光对黄曲霉曲酸产生菌有一定的诱变效应。     

皮秒激光微束仪的研制

本文分析了激光微束仪的设计要点,通光孔径的选取,聚焦系统与观察系统的齐焦,微小光斑获得等。激光微束仪的光源是具有多次谐波功能的皮秒Nd~(+3)YAG激光器,工作频率(10PPS),输出能量为50毫焦耳,平均脉宽为30PS的基波序列脉冲,可选波长为1.06μm、0.53μm、0.355μm、0.266μm,谐波晶体用偏硼酸钡(β-BaB_2O_4),简称BBO。     

倍频Nd：YAG激光对钝顶螺旋藻的诱变效应

利用倍频 Nd:YAG激光 (波长 53 2 nm,功率 50 0 m W,功率密度 1 60 m W/cm2 )诱变钝顶螺旋藻 ,辐照时间为 1 5min、1 0 min、5min通过测定藻丝形态参数、叶绿素 a、β 胡萝卜素、生长速度 ,比较倍频 Nd:YAG激光对钝顶螺旋藻生长的影响。实验结果表明 :与出发株相比 ,经倍频 Nd:YAG激光辐照后 ,藻丝形态发生变化 ,藻丝长、螺旋数、螺旋长变小 ;1 5min,1 0 min辐照组出现螺旋变松驰 ;1 0 min,5min辐照组促进藻的生长和叶绿素 a含量提高 ,使生长速度提高。三个诱变时间剂量都有利于 β 胡萝卡素积累 ,含量增幅最高达 2 2 .3 %。     

一株高产细胞表面植酸酶酵母的实验研究

对一株高产细胞表面植酸酶酵母突变株WZ4菌的细胞植酸酶进行了研究。探讨了菌体生长与产酶的关系。结果表明:菌体在培养的前期植酸酶酶活很低,培养30h后酶活迅速增加,酶活在菌体生长的平衡期达到最大,该菌产植酸酶为非生长偶联型。在此基础了解WZ4菌细胞植酸酶的性质,实验表明:该酶的最适pH为5,最适温度为50℃,Km(以植酸钠为底物)为0666mmolL。通过磷对产酶影响因素的实验研究,初步得到WZ4菌产植酸酶受控于培养基中的磷浓度的结论,即最大产酶磷浓度为05mg100ml,当磷浓度大于10mg100ml时产酶被完全阻遏。     

用原生质体诱变选育高植酸酶活的黑曲霉变异株

将 2株黑曲霉菌株 (I,II)在诱导产植酸酶的条件下分别制备成原生质体 ,并考察其原生质体形成及再生 ,经紫外诱变后 ,发现涂平板的黑曲霉 (II)原生质体在再生过程中菌落形态发生明显变化。考查突变菌种的植酸酶酶活 ,筛选到其中一个变异株比原始黑曲霉 (II)亲本株的植酸酶酶活提高了 2 .2倍。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.