DTaP-Hib联合疫苗中Hib-TT免疫原性研究

考查DTaP-Hib联合疫苗中Hib-TT的免疫原性,对其剂量、免疫持久性和抗原相容性进行分析。将不同剂量的Hib-TT、DTaP-Hib联合疫苗分别免疫小鼠,设单价的Hib-TT结合疫苗为对照,末次免疫后1、2、4、6、8、10w分别采集血清测定血清中Hib多糖抗体滴度。结果显示,不同剂量的Hib-TT和DTaP疫苗联合后均具有较好的免疫原性,血清中Hib多糖抗体阳转率达100%,并具有剂量效应和较好的免疫持久性。2.5μg剂量Hib-TT的DTaP-Hib联合疫苗免疫小鼠后1~2w诱导产生的Hib多糖抗体水平显著性地低于单价Hib-TT(P<0.05),4~10w,二者的Hib多糖抗体水平无显著性差异(P>0.05)。5μg剂量Hib-TT的DTaP-Hib联合疫苗在免疫小鼠后1w诱导产生的Hib多糖抗体水平与单价2.5μg剂量Hib-TT无显著性差异(P>0.05),免后2~10w则显著性地高于单价2.5μg剂量Hib-TT(P<0.001)。Hib-TT和DTaP疫苗联合后,仍然具有较好的免疫原性、剂量效应和免疫持久性;其抗原性干扰只是暂时的。     

一种狂犬病毒疫苗佐剂的制备及其免疫效果研究

目的:以角鲨烯、山梨醇、吐温为组分,在琥珀酸缓冲液中混和甲型副伤寒沙门菌鞭毛蛋白制备复合佐剂Nano-fla,评价该佐剂对人二倍体狂犬疫苗的免疫效果和安全性。方法:以人二倍体细胞制备的狂犬灭活疫苗为抗原,BALB/c小鼠设置PBS对照组、全剂量疫苗组、半剂量疫苗组、低剂量佐剂组(含半剂量抗原+5μg鞭毛蛋白)、中等剂量佐剂组(含半剂量抗原+10μg鞭毛蛋白),免疫程序为在0、3、7 d肌肉注射,并在首针免疫后的第7、14 d尾静脉采血分离血清,通过快速免疫荧光灶抑制实验检测中和抗体,通过酶联免疫斑点实验检测细胞因子水平。结果:首针免疫后第7 d,中等剂量佐剂组的中和抗体达保护效力水平,显著高于全剂量疫苗组和低剂量佐剂组;第14 d时中等剂量佐剂组的IgG抗体浓度显著高于全剂量疫苗对照组;第14 d中等剂量佐剂组与全剂量疫苗组相比,分泌IFN-γ和IL-4的淋巴细胞数量显著增加。结论:复合佐剂Nano-fla应用到狂犬疫苗中,能有效刺激小鼠体液免疫和细胞免疫应答,更早地产生中和抗体,且能有效降低抗原用量,具有潜在应用价值。     

不同剂量苯巴比妥钠对缺血性脑损伤大鼠神经功能及认知障碍恢复的影响

摘要 目的：探讨不同剂量苯巴比妥钠对缺血性脑损伤大鼠神经功能及认知障碍恢复的影响。方法：将缺血性脑损伤大鼠(n=48)随机平分为三组-模型组、低剂量组与高剂量组。造模后第7 d起,模型组、低剂量组与高剂量组分别给予腹腔注射生理盐水、苯巴比妥钠50 mg/kg/d与苯巴比妥钠100 mg/kg/d,持续7 d,观察与记录大鼠神经功能及认知障碍恢复情况。结果：低剂量组与高剂量组治疗第3 d与第7 d的寻台潜伏期与跨越原平台位置时间都少于模型组(P<0.05),血清丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量低于对照组(P<0.05),超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性高于模型组(P<0.05),低剂量组与高剂量组对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。低剂量组与高剂量组治疗第7 d的脑组织细胞指数高于模型组(P<0.05),Bcl-2、NF-κB p65蛋白相对表达水平低于模型组(P<0.05),低剂量组与高剂量组对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：低剂量苯巴比妥钠在缺血性脑损伤大鼠的应用就能抑制Bcl-2、NF-κB p65蛋白的表达,也可抑制脑组织细胞凋亡,能促进SOD的释放与降低MDA的含量,有利于促进大鼠学习记忆与工作记忆能力的恢复。     

不同剂量右美托咪定麻醉维持对老年全髋关节置换术患者血流动力学、细胞免疫和认知功能的影响

目的:探讨不同剂量右美托咪定麻醉维持对老年全髋关节置换术患者血流动力学、细胞免疫和认知功能的影响。方法:选取2017年3月~2019年8月期间我院收治的行全髋关节置换术的老年患者120例。采用随机数字表法分为对照组、低剂量组、高剂量组各40例。低剂量组和高剂量组麻醉维持分别持续泵入右美托咪定0.4μg/(kg·h)、0.8μg/(kg·h)维持麻醉,对照组给予0.9%氯化钠注射液持续泵入。比较三组患者围术期指标、血流动力学、细胞免疫、认知功能及不良反应。结果:高剂量组、低剂量组气管插管时(T2)、术毕5 min(T3)时间点心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)均高于对照组,且低剂量组高于高剂量组(P<0.05)。高剂量组、低剂量组T2、T3时间点CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺均高于对照组,且高剂量组高于低剂量组(P<0.05);高剂量组、低剂量组T2、T3时间点CD8⁺低于对照组,且高剂量组低于低剂量组(P<0.05)。术后1 d高剂量组、低剂量组简明精神状态量表(MMSE)评分较对照组高(P<0.05);低剂量组、高剂量组术后1 d的MMSE评分比较无差异(P>0.05)。低剂量组麻醉10 min后Ramsay镇静评分高于对照组、高剂量组(P<0.05);低剂量组术后苏醒时间、拔管时间较对照组、高剂量组短(P<0.05)。高剂量组的不良反应发生率高于对照组和低剂量组(P<0.05)。结论:老年全髋关节置换术患者术中采用右美托咪定麻醉维持,可维持血流动力学稳定,减轻免疫抑制及认知功能损害,安全性较好,其中以0.4μg/(kg·h)剂量的右美托咪定效果更佳。     

BCG-CpG-DNA对重组HBsAg免疫原性的影响

为了研究BCG-CpG-DNA对重组HBsAg免疫原性的影响,了解其佐剂功能。采用不同剂量BCG-CpG-DNA与不同剂量重组(汉逊酵母)表达的HBsAg或Al-HBsAg混合免疫小鼠,与同剂量铝佐剂疫苗对比,以放射免疫法检测抗-HBs中和抗体水平和抗体持续时间,ELISA法检测抗体亚类。结果显示,BCG-CpG-DNA和HBsAg混合,抗-HBs的中和抗体水平达到或高于同剂量铝佐剂疫苗;BCG-CpG-DNA和Al-HBsAg混合,抗-HBs的中和抗体水平高于同剂量铝佐剂疫苗,并有统计学显著意义(P<0.05);添加BCG-CpG-DNA组抗体水平4周时增加不明显,到10周则显著地高于同剂量铝佐剂疫苗组,IgG2a抗体水平也高于相应的对照组。实验结果表明BCG-CpG-DNA对HBsAg有较好的免疫佐剂作用,并和AL佐剂有协同作用。     

壳寡糖对杂交黄颡鱼“黄优1号”(黄颡鱼♀×瓦氏黄颡鱼♂)生长性能与免疫机能的影响

为研究饲料中添加不同剂量壳寡糖(COS)对杂交黄颡鱼“黄优1号”(Tachysurus fulvidraco ♀× Tachysurus vachelli ♂)生长性能、特异及非特异性免疫机能的影响, 试验分4组, 壳寡糖有效剂量分别以0、40、80和120 mg/kg添加到饲料中, 为期56d。结果显示: 120 mg/kg组特定生长率(SGR)显著高于对照组, 饲料系数(FCR)显著低于对照组(P<0.05); 随壳寡糖剂量增大, 蛋白质效率(PER)变化趋势与FCR相反。同时, 各剂量壳寡糖均能显著提高白细胞吞噬指数(PI, P<0.05); 淋巴细胞转化率(LTR)随壳寡糖剂量增大而显著升高(P<0.05), 剂量达80 mg/kg后保持稳定(P>0.05); 高剂量试验组(80和120 mg/kg)溶菌酶活力和IgM水平显著高于低剂量组(40 mg/kg)和对照组 (P<0.05)。研究结果表明: 在试验条件下, 饲料中添加壳寡糖能显著提升杂交黄颡鱼“黄优1号”生长速度, 降低饲料系数, 促进白细胞吞噬功能及淋巴细胞转化, 并能提高体液免疫水平, 建议有效剂量为80—120 mg/kg。     

伤寒Vi多糖结合疫苗免疫小鼠后的抗体类型及动态分析

伤寒Vi多糖结合疫苗和Vi多糖疫苗分别免疫小鼠,分离血清,采用间接ELISA法测定不同时点血清中特异性IgA、IgM、IgG及其亚类(IgG1、IgG2a、IgG3)的抗体滴度。结果显示,免疫一针后,Vi多糖结合疫苗组的IgG抗体GMT值明显升高,第二针有加强效应(P<0.01);所测3种IgG亚型中IgG2a抗体滴度升高明显;Vi多糖和结合疫苗免疫小鼠后,血清中IgA和IgM抗体滴度均有显著升高,但无加强应答。显示Vi多糖结合疫苗在诱导小鼠血清IgG应答方面有加强效应。     

毛喉鞘蕊花提取物对大鼠哮喘模型炎症介质的影响及机制研究

为探讨毛喉鞘蕊花提取物(Coleus Forskohlii extract,CFE)对哮喘的治疗作用及机制,采用卵清蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)结合佐剂氢氧化铝建立大鼠哮喘模型,SPF级SD雄性大鼠60只,随机分为5组,即空白组、模型组、地塞米松组、CFE高剂量组(12.8g/kg)和CFE低剂量组(6.4g/kg),分别用生理盐水、地塞米松及CFE每天灌胃1次,连续14天,灌胃容积为1mL/100g。通过HE染色观察肺组织病理学形态学变化;ELISA法测定大鼠血清(serum)及肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中IFN-γ、IL-4和IL-17A含量变化;Western blot检测MAPK通路相关蛋白的表达变化。HE结果显示,与模型组相比,CFE高、低剂量组能显著减轻OVA刺激后大鼠肺组织病理性损伤,气道轮廓清晰,上皮细胞脱落明显减少;ELISA结果显示,与模型组相比,CFE高、低剂量组大鼠血清及BALF中IL-4、IL-17A的含量明显下降,IFN-γ的含量明显上升(P<0.05或P<0.01);WB结果显示,CFE高剂量组可显著降低大鼠肺组织p-ERK、p-JNK及p-p38蛋白表达(P<0.05或P<0.01)。综上,毛喉鞘蕊花提取物可有效缓解OVA诱导的大鼠哮喘气道炎症反应,其机制与调节MAPK信号传导通路有关。     

表达鸡传染性法氏囊病毒VP2蛋白的干酪乳杆菌免疫保护效力

利用干酪乳杆菌作为传染性法氏囊病毒(IBDV)VP2抗原传递系统,探讨口服雏鸡的免疫次数、免疫剂量、免疫途径和攻毒保护效果。用pLA-VP2重组干酪乳杆菌对5日龄雏鸡进行二次和三次免疫,并设108、109、1010 CFU/mL的重组干酪乳杆菌组,间接ELISA检测血清IgG和小肠洗液sIgA,末免后7 d攻毒,计算保护效果。根据确定的2次免疫和109 CFU/mL免疫剂量免疫5日龄雏鸡,分别口服、滴鼻/点眼pLA-VP2/L.casei,口服、肌注商品活苗及口服pLA/L.casei和PBS为对照,监测IgG和sIgA抗体水平;末免后7 d检测脾淋巴细胞增殖情况并攻毒,7 d后剖检,观察法氏囊损伤程度并记录病变得分和保护率。结果表明各组的特异性sIgA、IgG抗体水平显著高于对照组(P0.01);口服pLA-VP2/L.casei组的淋巴细胞刺激指数显著高于其他组(P0.01),保护率高达83.3%,免疫保护效果优于滴鼻/点眼组。因此,构建的重组干酪乳杆菌的安全性优于商品活苗,可以作为IBDV候选疫苗。     

虾青素对运动性肾缺血再灌注损伤ECM表达的影响北大核心CSCD

本文对虾青素对运动性肾缺血再灌注损伤大鼠肾组织炎症因子及ECM表达的影响进行了研究。72只SPF级Wistar大鼠随机分为4组:安静对照组(C组,n=12)、一般训练组(M组,n=12)、过度训练组(OM组,n=24)和虾青素+过度训练组(AM组,n=24)。实验中对大鼠以20 mg/(kg·d)虾青素灌胃56 d,并进行递增负荷游泳训练。末次训练24 h后观察肾小球ECM沉积情况并测试血清尿素氮、肌酐及肾组织炎症因子蛋白和基因表达、TGF-β1基因表达等生化指标。结果显示,8周的训练导致大鼠运动性肾缺血再灌注,ECM沉积加强,肾功能损伤。肾小球ECM沉积,C、M组间无显著差异(P>0.05);OM组较C、M组显著增加(P<0.01);AM组显著低于OM组(P<0.05)。血清尿素氮和肌酐水平,OM组和AM组显著高于C组(P<0.01),AM组显著低于OM组(P<0.05);肾组织TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和IL-18蛋白表达,OM组和AM组显著高于C组(P<0.05或P<0.01),AM组显著低于OM组(P<0.05);肾组织TNF-αmRNA、IL-1βmRNA、IL-6 mRNA和IL-18 mRNA表达,OM、AM组显著高于C组(P<0.01),AM组显著低于OM组(P<0.05);肾组织TGF-β1mRNA表达,AM组(P<0.05)和OM组(P<0.01)显著高于C组,AM组显著低于OM组(P<0.05)。从而说明补充虾青素可以有效地抑制肾组织中炎症因子表达从而减轻过度训练诱导的运动性肾脏缺血再灌注发生时肾脏组织TGF-β1的表达,维护ECM的动态平衡,延缓或避免对肾脏的损伤。     

抗MRSA-PBP2a鸡卵黄抗体的制备及乳胶凝集检测法的建立

制备抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌青霉素结合蛋白2a( MRSA- PBP2a)抗原的鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白(IgY),建立检测MRSA的乳胶凝集方法.采用体外诱导的方法制备PBP2a蛋白,胸部肌肉多点注射方式免疫6只海蓝蛋鸡,水稀释法提取IgY,BCA法测定蛋白含量,Western blotting进行特异性分析,用提取的IgY抗体致敏聚苯乙烯乳胶,建立检测PBP2a的乳胶凝集方法.成功诱导并制备获得纯化的PBP2a蛋白,首次免疫后1月每枚鸡蛋提纯后可获得约48 mg IgY抗体,Western blotting结果显示IgY抗体能有效识别纯化的PBP2a蛋白;成功建立检测PBP2a的乳胶凝集法,敏感性达1 mg/L.抗MRSA- PBP2a鸡卵黄抗体具有较高的敏感性和特异性,基于其建立的乳胶凝集检测方法具有较好的灵敏性.     

Generation and application of chicken egg-yolk antibodies

Despite the fact that the use of chicken as immunization host brings many advantages to the production of polyclonal antibodies, the generation of egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) is rarely chosen. In this review, we report on the fast and efficient method for generation and affinity purification of IgY, in this case raised against the alpha-subunit of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). The IgY antibody was successfully applied in a variety of methods and a number of different species for HIF-1alpha detection. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays, the IgY antibody recognized the native HIF-1 complex. The IgY antibody also detected HIF-1alpha protein on Western blots with extracts derived from human, monkey, pig, dog and mouse cell lines grown under hypoxic conditions. Immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation experiments using the IgY antibody allowed detection and subcellular localization of HIF-1alpha in the nuclei of hypoxic cells. Chicken antibody production brings great benefit concerning the welfare of the immunized animals, due to non-invasive antibody harvesting with the added convenience of simple egg collection. An additional advantage is the fast and simple IgY isolation from egg yolk. IgY technology is a great improvement and should be considered as a good alternative to conventional polyclonal antibody production in mammals.     

Eliciting antigen-specific egg-yolk IgY with naked DNA

Immunization with naked DNA was used to elicit chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY). Layer hens were inoculated with plasmid DNA encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein, the fusion protein of Newcastle disease virus, and VP2 of African horse sickness virus. IgY was extracted from egg yolks by polyethylene glycol precipitation. Specific antibodies were present in the yolks of eggs from hens immunized with each of the three different plasmids. This approach to raising polyclonal antibodies obviates the need to produce and purify large quantities of proteins for immunization and can potentially yield large amounts of diagnostically or therapeutically useful reagents.     

卵黄抗体经滴鼻途径引起动物免疫反应的研究

研究鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白 (IgY)经滴鼻途径是否引起动物的粘膜免疫反应以及反应的程度。制备抗H3 N2 型流感病毒特异性IgY ,以滴鼻方式免疫实验家兔和豚鼠。实验动物在免疫后不同时期采血 ,检测特异性抗IgY抗体水平。豚鼠以相同IgY静脉攻击 ,观察动物的反应。实验结果表明 ,豚鼠和实验家兔均产生了特异性粘膜免疫反应 ,应慎重采用IgY以滴鼻方式来预防和治疗疾病。     

鸡卵清蛋白基因启动子调控GFP基因在鸡原代输卵管上皮细胞和中国仓鼠卵巢细胞的表达

特异性扩增家鸡卵清蛋白基因上游调控序列 1340bp～ +16 5 5bp片段和第一内含子 +49bp～ +16 5 5bp片段 ,去除pG FP N2载体自身的CMV启动子 ,分别构建了P_2.9koval GFP和P_1.5koval GFP两种表达载体 ,经测序和酶切鉴定表达载体构建正确。采用脂质体转染法分别将这两种载体、pGFP N2 (阳性对照 )质粒及阴性对照转染鸡原代输卵管上皮细胞和中国仓鼠卵巢细胞。用荧光倒置显微镜观测绿色荧光蛋白的表达。结果表明 :两种表达质粒在鸡原代输卵管上皮细胞和中国仓鼠卵巢细胞中都可以表达荧光蛋白。结果既显示卵清蛋白第一内含子对基因的表达起到一定的调控作用 ,也显示卵清蛋白启动子对输卵管上皮细胞和卵巢细胞不存在特异性 ,并且不存在种属差异性。     

Generation and application of anti-ouabain IgY antibodies

Ouabain is a bioactive hapten and is very difficult to be accurately quantified because of the lack of useful reagents. Furthermore, where ouabain is produced in the adrenal glands has not been identified. In this study, ouabain-BSA was generated for immunizing the laying hens to generate ouabain-specific IgY antibodies in chicken eggs. The anti-ouabain IgY antibodies were detected in eggs 1 week after the last immunization and their concentrations increased with time. The highest concentrations of anti-ouabain IgY antibodies reached at 1:10,240 for ELISA 5 weeks after immunization and maintained for 4 weeks in chicken eggs. Following PEG precipitation, an average of 8.5 mg of anti-ouabain IgY antibodies with a purity of 87.6% was achieved from a single egg. Further analysis revealed that the anti-ouabain IgY antibodies had little immunoreactivity to hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, cedilanid, and digoxin, indicating their high specificity, and the purified IgY antibodies effectively detected endogenous ouabain in the cytoplasm of cells predominately in the zona reticularis of rat and human adrenal glands, indicating their high immunoreactivity. Given that IgY has an unique structure and bioactive features, the generated anti-ouabain IgY antibodies may be used as a new reagent for accurately quantifying ouabain in biological studies.     

抗重组VacA IgY体内抗幽门螺杆菌感染的实验研究

目的在构建H.pylori的基因工程菌pQE30-v-DH5a的基础上,诱导表达VacA重组蛋白,以此为抗原,制备抗VacA的蛋黄抗体（VacA IgY）。通过小鼠口服试验,证实VacA IgY治疗H.pylori感染的作用,为进一步制备抗H．pylori感染的IgY制剂提供实验依据。方法用重组H.pylori VacA蛋白免疫母鸡,水稀释结合氯仿有机沉淀法提取IgY,ELISA法测定其针对VacA的效价。建立H.pylori感染的Balb／c小鼠动物模型,治疗组在小鼠灌喂菌液后灌喂不同剂量的VacA IgY。以H.pylori培养和病理切片观察胃黏膜H.pylori定植和炎症反应程度。结果制备了高效价的IgY（1：12800）。动物实验阳性对照组H.pylori的总感染率为70．4％,12周后的感染率为88．9％。治疗组的感染率与同期阳性对照组相似,胃黏膜的炎症反应程度比阳性对照组弱,随IgY剂量的增加,炎症减弱明显,IgY剂量为4mg／ml时,能达到较理想的治疗效果。结论成功制备了高效价的特异性VacA IgV,小鼠体内实验证实了口服VacA IgY具有治疗H.pylori感染的作用,可用于制备口服制剂。     

Immunochemical characterization of an IgG-binding protein of Streptococcus suis

Several bacterial species express surface proteins with affinity for the constant region (F_c) of immunoglobulin (Ig) of different animal species. Previous studies from our group have reported the presence of an IgG-binding protein in various serotypes of Streptococcus suis . This molecule was also shown to bind in a non-immune fashion chicken IgY and to our knowledge this characteristic is unique. In the present study, by dot-blotting, we showed that the native protein, obtained by affinity chromatography, reacted more strongly with IgG from various animal species than the denatured material. Using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay the affinity of the native 60-kDa protein (previously identified as a 52-kDa protein) towards IgG of various animal species was compared to pig IgG. Bovine, goat and human IgG were able to compete effectively with pig IgG whereas chicken IgY constituted a poor competitor. Peptide mapping analysis using denatured protein indicated that pig and bovine IgG recognized the same proteolytic fragment whereas chicken IgY did not. The smallest proteolytic fragment that retained the binding activity towards the IgG of the different animal species tested had a molecular mass of approximately 40 kDa. Fragments with M _r<40 kDa showed specific binding activities. That is, the smallest fragment binding pig and bovine IgG had a M _r of 30 kDa whereas for goat and human IgG a fragment of less than 16 kDa still showed binding activity. Finally, we observed that antisera raised against a heat-shock protein of Pseudomonas aeruginosa reacted with the 60-kDa S. suis protein indicating that the S. suis 60-kDa protein is a member of the 60-kDa hsp family that possesses the characteristic of binding in a non-immune way mammalian IgG and chicken IgY.     

Production and purification of human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (HuIDO) protein in a baculovirus expression system and production and characterization of egg yolk antibody against the purified HuIDO

The human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (HuIDO) baculoviral construct, for expression of HuIDO protein with a hexa-histidine and FLAG (DYKDDDDK) tag, was produced using the BacPAK Baculovirus Expression System. HuIDO baculovirus was used to infect Sf21 insect cells to produce functionally active protein in large amounts. Conditions for protein purification by metal affinity chromatography were determined and optimized. Addition of haemin ensured optimal activity of the purified heme-containing oxygenase. The soluble purified protein was used to immunize a chicken to produce large quantities of polyclonal IgY against HuIDO. The anti-HuIDO IgY antibody specifically detected HuIDO produced by a range of cell types including transfectants and native HuIDO expression induced in IFN-gamma-stimulated cells. The antibody detected HuIDO in cell lysates by western blotting and in the cytoplasm of cells by microscopy. The antibody was unable to block the function of the enzyme, indicating that this antibody binds outside the active site of HuIDO.     

Genetic immunization of ducks for production of antibodies specific to Helicobacter pylori UreB in egg yolks

Following genetic immunization of laying ducks with a plasmid expressing Helicobacter pylori UreB (large subunit of urease), IgY against UreB were obtained from egg yolks. These polyclonal and monospecific IgY antibodies are of higher-titer and specifically recognize recombinant H. pylori urease purified from Escherichia coli. To our knowledge this is the first report describing generation of IgY antibodies directed against antigens of H. pylori by DNA-based immunization.