He—Ne激光辐照天使鱼胚胎导致畸变

采用He—Ne激光(632.8nm辐照了天使鱼(Pterophyllum eimeki)的发育阶段的胚胎,观察和分析激光辐照对胚胎发育的致变影响和各发育阶段胚胎对激光的受激反应。对受精卵、囊胚期、原肠期和神经胚期的胚胎进行照射,均引起各期胚胎的畸变,这些畸变大多数是初孵仔鱼的头部、尾部、胸腔和背脊的变形。实验结果表明,天使鱼各个发育阶段的胚胎畸变率随着激光辐照剂量的改变而发生变化。     

激光对青蛙卵作用的生物效应

用He—Ne激光分别照射青蛙的卵子、精子和早期胚胎,在相同的激光剂量条件下,观察不同激光照射时间对胚胎发育的影响。通过电镜观察卵膜的超微结构,分析激光作用于细胞的刺激作用机制。     

低强度He-Ne激光照射人外周血淋巴细胞两组试验结果的分析

本文采用染色体畸变 (chromosomalaberration CA)试验和微核 (micronucleus)试验两种方法对低强度He Ne激光辐照育龄妇女外周血淋巴细胞。激光能量密度分别为 14.31J cm2 (辐照 5′)、2 8.6 2J cm2 (辐照 10′) ,5 7.2 4J cm2(辐照 2 0′) ,114.5 2J cm2 (辐照 40′)。照射血样后 ,染色体畸变试验检测其淋巴细胞染色体畸变率 ,激光照射及空白对照组 ,血样染色体畸变率分别为 4.2 9‰、3.96‰、3.81、3.5 9‰和 4.19‰ ,X2 检验无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。阳性对照丝裂霉素MMC处理的血样淋巴细胞CA率平均为 14.41‰ ,明显高于激光照射和空白对照组 ,X2 检验有显著差异(P <0 .0 1)。微核试验检测结果 ,微核染色体分别为 1.0 2‰ ,1.17‰ ,1.18‰ ,1.31‰和 1.19‰对照 ,经统计分析激光照射各组与对照组微核率均在 2‰以下 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,属正常人体微核范围内。结果显示两组试验监测诱变均具有一致性。证明He Ne激光辐照人体细胞对染色体无致畸效应。且表明He Ne激光在治疗范围内应用安全、有效、不会对不体造成危害。     

葡萄的He-Ne激光诱变初探

以北醇(二倍体)及龙宝、黑臭林、伊豆锦、先锋(四倍体)二年生植株为材料,用He—Ne激光(或等寓子束)辐照其腋芽诱变效果的初探。He—Ne激光束的功率为6—12.5mw,功率密度为180—50mw/cm~2,辐照时间5—40分钟,产生等离子束的电流强度为60mA,处理时间为5—20秒。He—Ne激光处理时间以15—30分钟为好,一次连续40分钟时芽枯死,剂量合适时,芽、幼叶、成叶、枝条和果穗形态变化明显。具体处理参数与芽的性质。萌动状态及品种有关。等离子束辐照时不易超过5秒钟。He—Ne激光处理后,幼叶、成叶、叶裂加深、重锯齿缘,节间缩短25％,果穗整齐,付穗减小或消失,落花落果轻,不感染霜霉病或得病较轻。     

曲酸产生菌激光诱变效应的研究

采用经紫外线(UV)、^60Co、亚硝基胍(NTG)复合诱变得到的黄曲霉曲酸产生菌(UCN7—12),进行激光诱变处理。研究证实在经过UV、^60Co、NTG诱变处理后,黄曲霉突变株用He—Ne激光与YAG激光进行诱变处理仍能提高产酸率,其中He—Ne激光辐照处理20min,正变率为12．1％,产量提高约13％。YAG激光辐照处理300sec,正变率16．7％,产量提高18．3％。说明上述两种激光对黄曲霉曲酸产生菌有一定的诱变效应。     

不同剂量He—Ne激光对酵母细胞生长的非热共振效应

研究了啤酒酵母(Brewer's yeast)细胞经He—Ne激光(λ=6328)照射后继续生长的再生能力及蛋白质合成随照射剂量的变化关系。它呈现的振荡、触发和阈值效应等特点表现了对剂量的强烈敏感性,28℃和31℃时细胞的激活剂量出现在2.31J·cm~(-2)和3.23J·cm~(-2)等处,且照射组指数生长期比对照组明显缩短。上述现象表明了一定剂量的He—Ne激光的刺激作用,生物细胞内非线性动力学因素可能激发其内部存在的相干激发振动模式。     

He—Ne激光辐照对葡萄生物学效应的研究

本文报导了激光辐照葡萄芽的生物学效应。He—Ne激光辐照促进了发芽、叶色、枝的生长、早熟结果等一些变化,为激光葡萄育种提供了依据和选育的材料。     

壬基酚对金鱼（Carassiusauratus ）胚胎发育毒性的初步研究

目的:观察环境激素壬基酚(Nonylphenol,NP)对金鱼胚胎发育的毒性效应。方法:在繁殖季节选取雌雄健康成年金鱼,采用人工受精的方法获取金鱼受精卵于23℃培养箱孵育。将正常发育的囊胚早期金鱼胚胎(50枚胚胎/培养皿)分别暴露在1μmol·L~(-1)、4μmol·L~(-1)、8μmol·L~(-1)、12μmol·L~(-1)和16μmol·L~(-1)的NP实验液中,设空白对照。通过显微成像技术观察NP暴露对金鱼胚胎发育形态、不同发育阶段胚胎死亡率、受精后72小时(72 hpf)孵化率及畸形率的影响。从原肠期开始每隔12 h观察一次。结果:低浓度NP主要影响金鱼胚胎晚期发育,使其尾部脊索弯曲上翘;高浓度NP可导致金鱼胚胎卵凝结、发育延迟、组织坏死、尾部卷曲、体轴缩短并出现血栓。各发育阶段胚胎死亡率和72 hpf畸形率随NP浓度升高而增加,72 hpf孵化率则随NP浓度升高而降低;NP对金鱼胚胎24 h、48 h、72 h的半数致死浓度(LC50)分别为:16.28μmol·L~(-1)、8.27μmol·L~(-1)和6.52μmol·L~(-1)。结论:NP对金鱼胚胎具有明显发育毒性,金鱼胚胎对低浓度NP也具有较高敏感性,在评价环境激素胚胎发育毒性方面具有潜在应用价值。     

应用酯酶同工酶技术分析激光处理小麦的诱变效应

用He—Ne、Ar~+和CO_23种激光分别辐照小麦浙麦3号干种子,以不处理为对照(CK),在三叶期分别提取酯酶,应用等电聚焦聚丙烯酰胺疑胶(SDS—PAGE)电泳分析其酯酶同工酶,电泳模式表明,He—Ne激光、Ar~+激光处理后出现的酶谱同对照一样,主要集中在Ⅲ区,并有4条相同酶带(Rf=0.88、0.78、0.75和0.71),而CO_2激光处理则出现了16条酶带,其中8条分布在Ⅲ区,6条分布在Ⅱ区,2条分布在Ⅰ区。电泳分析表明,不同激光的诱变效应为:CO_2>He—Ne>Ar~+>CK。     

激光辐照真菌的酯酶,淀粉酶同工酶研究

本文报导了用He—Ne激光辐照真菌米曲酶的酯酶同工酶和淀粉同工酶的分析研究结果,实验表明激光对米曲霉同工酶有一定的影响。     

氦氖激光对鱼类生长的影响

本试验采用氦氖激光(632.8nm)以不同的功率和不同功率密度,或者不同的辐照方式,辐照孔雀幼鱼(Poecilia reticulata)、尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)和淡水白鲳(Ephippus orbis)。实验结果表明,He-Ne激光辐照对三种幼鱼的生长均有促进的作用,并且不同的功率和功率密度的影响是不同的,适当的激光参量会产生较佳的影响效果。     

Morphometric study of yeast cells of Torulopsis sphaerica after He-Ne-laser irradiation

A study was made of structural organization of Torulopsis sphaerica cells irradiated with He-Ne (lambda = 632.8 nm; dose--460 J/m2) and then cultured in the nutrient with 1% glucose and O2 for 6 h. The computer analysis of electron images of cell sections was carried out. Evidences of stimulation of cell proliferation were found, including decrease in the areas of cell and chondriome profiles, decrease in the number of mitochondria on sections, elongation of cells and mitochondria, and increased variability of cell parameters. In addition, cells of irradiated cultured were characterized by the increase in the number of mitochondria contacting the endoplasmic reticulum (in this case the outer mitochondrial membrane presumably associates with the ER membrane), which may suggest the activation of ATP synthesis. Thus, He-Ne laser irradiation activates cell metabolism even at the early stage of culture growth.     

低强度氦氖激光对缺血性疾病患者红细胞变形性影响的临床研究

目的：探讨低强度氦氖激光对临床中风等缺血性疾病患者红细胞变形能力影响情况。方法：临床采集不同缺血性疾病患者新鲜血样,检测各组红细胞变形能力情况。对中风患者血样进一步分组,给予不同剂量的氦氖激光处理,讨论临床低强度氦氖激光量效关系,探讨具有临床疗效的有效剂量情况。结果：各疾病病组红细胞变形能力较正常对照组红细胞变形能力为低;缺血疾病组样品经低强度氦氖激光照射后,其红细胞变形能力较未经激光照射组有显著不同。结论：显示体外人红细胞变形能力因患者疾病情况、红细胞状态、低强度氦氖激光临床治疗输出功率等因素有不同。     

Radiation-modifying effect of UV and visible laser light

A radiomodifying effect of the three types of laser radiation has been studied on HeLa cell culture. Low-intensity UV-radiation delivered as high repetition rate nanosecond pulses (the second harmonic of the copper vapours laser lambda = 271 nm) somewhat reinforces, and continuous low-intensity red radiation (He-Ne laser, lambda = 632.8 nm) of certain doses weakens the effect of 5 Gy gamma-radiation.     

He-Ne激光照射对血液及其组分荧光光谱影响的实验研究

为研究弱激光照射对人血液携氧能力的影响及机制,我们用荧光仪分别测量了He-Ne激光照射前后正常血液及其组分（血浆、红细胞）的荧光光谱,研究了激光照射导致的光谱变化,并分析了光谱变化与血液携氧能力改变的关系。实验结果显示：全血液标本在490nm及614nm附近有荧光峰值;血浆的荧光则主要分布在420－500nm之间;红细胞在500nm及614nm附近有荧光。He-Ne激光照射后,全血液及红细胞在614nm处的荧光谱都有较明显的变化,且较相似。由此可得出结论,He-Ne激光照射可影响血液的携氧能力。     

Effects of endogenous photosensitizers on the laser-induced priming of leucocytes

The influence of He-Ne (lambda = 632.8 nm) laser irradiation on the functional activity of leucocytes was investigated. The functional activity of leucocytes irradiated in the presence of plasma with phthalocyanine raised. Irradiation of leucocytes without plasma had no influence on the chemiluminescent response of the blood cells. An increase in the concentration of phthalocyanine in plasma first led to an increase and then a decrease in the functional activity of the leucocytes. Similar results were obtained for the case of endogenous porphyrins in plasma. These results make it possible to consider the influence of laser irradiation on the leucocytes' functional activity as the priming. The basic concepts of the free-radical mechanism of laser therapy were formulated.     

Effect of He-Ne laser radiation on the bacteriophage T4-Escherichia coli system

Exposure of T4 bacteriophage, having no red light chromophores, to He-Ne laser (lambda = 632.8 nm) of 10(3)-6 X 10(4) J/m2 does not influence its lytic properties. Irradiation of E. coli WP2 bacteria with doses of 4-6 X 10(3) J/m2 causes a 1.25-1.35-fold increase in their ability to keep on the development of nonirradiated bacteriophage T4.     

Effect of He-Ne laser radiation on the chemiluminescence of mouse spleen cells

A study was made of He-Ne laser radiation (lambda = 632.8 nm) on spontaneous chemiluminescence of mouse splenic cells and that stimulated by addition of Candida albicans. Irradiation with low-intensity red light was shown to stimulate cell chemiluminescence and to intensify that stimulated by C. albicans within the dose range from 100 to 300 J/m2 with a maximum at about 200 J/m2.     

He-Ne laser irradiation protects B-lymphoblasts from UVA-induced DNA damage

The effect of He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) pre-irradiation on UVA (343 nm)-induced DNA damage in the human B-lymphoblast cell line NC37 was investigated using the comet assay. He-Ne laser pre-irradiation was observed to result in a dose-dependent decrease in UVA-induced DNA damage. This effect was also found to be dependent on the incubation period between He-Ne laser pre-irradiation and the UVA exposure. Whereas the control cells with a higher DNA damage point to an initial ability of faster repair, both the control and the He-Ne laser pre-irradiated cells subsequently show the same rate of DNA repair. The results suggest that He-Ne laser irradiation protect the cells from UVA-induced DNA damage primarily through an influence on processes that prevent an initial DNA damage. Received: 10 April 2000 / Accepted: 24 November 2000