葡萄的He-Ne激光诱变初探

以北醇(二倍体)及龙宝、黑臭林、伊豆锦、先锋(四倍体)二年生植株为材料,用He—Ne激光(或等寓子束)辐照其腋芽诱变效果的初探。He—Ne激光束的功率为6—12.5mw,功率密度为180—50mw/cm~2,辐照时间5—40分钟,产生等离子束的电流强度为60mA,处理时间为5—20秒。He—Ne激光处理时间以15—30分钟为好,一次连续40分钟时芽枯死,剂量合适时,芽、幼叶、成叶、枝条和果穗形态变化明显。具体处理参数与芽的性质。萌动状态及品种有关。等离子束辐照时不易超过5秒钟。He—Ne激光处理后,幼叶、成叶、叶裂加深、重锯齿缘,节间缩短25％,果穗整齐,付穗减小或消失,落花落果轻,不感染霜霉病或得病较轻。

PRELIMINARY RESERCH OF H.-N. LASER INDUCED VARIATION ON GRAPES

Preliminary research of the induced variation effect by He-. Ne laser (or plasma bunch) irradiation on the axillary buds of the bienial grape plants of Beichun (diploid),Longbao,Hei Aolin.Yindoujin and Xianfeng(amphidiploid). The power of the He-Ne laser bunch is 6 - 12. 5mw and the power density is 180-50mv/cm2. Irradiation time is 5- 40 minutes;The plasma-producing current is 60mA(processing time is 5 -20 seconds. The suggested He-Ne laser processing time is 15-30 minutes. when continuous irridiation time is or over 40 minutes at one time,the buds will be burnt to death. If the quantity of irridiation is proper,the shape of the buds,young leaves,leaves,branches and the fruit ear will change apparently. The specific processing parameters are relevant to the nature,the germinating state of the buds and the kind of plants. The time for plasma bunch irradiation should be less than 5 seconds. After being processed by He-Ne laser,with regard to the young leaves and grown leaves,the rifts on the leaf margins become deeper and double sawtooth fringes appear (the intercalary length reduces by 25% (grape ears become even;sub - grape ears reduce or disappear (fewer flowers and fewer fruits drop ;the plants are not infected by mycosis or not so seriously infected.