共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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本文观察比较了体色正常及体色异常褐牙鲆 (Paralichthysolivaceus)皮肤中黑色素胞和鳞片的发生及演变过程。结果显示仔鱼鱼体两侧皮肤中最先出现星状幼体型黑色素胞 ,随着变态发育 ,有眼侧皮肤中成体型黑色素胞逐渐替代幼体型黑色素胞 ;而无眼侧皮肤中 ,幼体型黑色素胞逐渐退化崩解 ,成体型黑色素胞不出现 ,无眼侧皮肤逐渐失去色素变为白色。体色异常现象出现于变态后期 ,白化和黑化现象几乎同时发生。白化个体有眼侧皮肤中成体型黑色素胞不能正常替代幼体型黑色素胞 ,逐渐失去色素形成白色斑块。黑化个体无眼侧皮肤中成体型黑色素胞则非正常地出现 ,逐渐替代幼体黑色素胞形成黑斑。约 30日龄变态完成时 ,体色异常现象已经显著 ,已能明显区分体色正常和异常个体。 6 0日龄左右 ,幼鱼皮肤开始长出形态较为原始的圆鳞。体色正常个体有眼侧皮肤上的圆鳞会逐渐发育成栉鳞 ,无眼侧则维持圆鳞。对比分析体色异常个体的鳞片形态 ,发现有眼侧白化部位的鳞片仍为圆鳞 ,而无眼侧黑化部位的鳞片则发育为栉鳞。同时 ,通过对体色正在恢复中的白化牙鲆的鳞片观察表明 ,伴随着白化部位色素的恢复 ,该部位的圆鳞会逐渐转变为栉鳞。由此推断色素的发生与鳞片的发育密切相关 相似文献
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目的黑线仓鼠白化突变系是一种新的实验动物模型,本研究旨在组织水平上观察黑线仓鼠与白化突变系皮肤组织中黑色素细胞的分布与定位,以揭示黑线仓鼠白化突变系发生的细胞学机制。方法本实验选择黑线仓鼠和白化突变系各6只,取背部皮肤,制备石蜡切片,分别采用多巴染色、多巴-甲苯胺蓝复染,光镜观察、拍照。结果 Dopa染色显示,在黑线仓鼠与白化突变系皮肤组织中均有成熟黑色素细胞的分布,主要存在于毛囊毛乳头中,且黑线仓鼠黑色素阳性区要明显高于白化突变系。结论黑线仓鼠的酪氨酸酶活性要高于白化突变系。 相似文献
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斑驳白化是一种先天性颜色失调表型,在翼手目中较为罕见。2016年5月至8月期间,分别在3个省份共发现3种存在斑驳白化现象蝙蝠。在河南省内乡县七里坪乡北湾村,发现1只怀孕雌性斑驳白化毛腿鼠耳蝠(Myotis fimbriatus),斑驳区域包括背部左侧区域及腹部左侧边缘一带。在陕西省柞水县下梁镇,发现1只怀孕雌性斑驳白化亚洲长翼蝠(Miniopterus fuliginosus),斑驳部位包括背部下端、腹部底端股骨边缘、左右股骨、尾骨及小部分尾膜区域。在云南省晋宁县双河乡法古甸村,发现2只斑驳白化雄性栗鼠耳蝠(Myotis badius),斑驳区域分别为背部左下侧和背颈部一侧,区域面积较小。其中,毛腿鼠耳蝠和栗鼠耳蝠的斑驳白化现象为国内首次报道。此外,通过测量蝙蝠体重、前臂长等体型参数,并与同种正常个体进行比较,发现斑驳白化亚洲长翼蝠体重偏大,1只斑驳白化栗鼠耳蝠前臂长偏大,其余斑驳白化蝙蝠体型数据均在正常范围内,表明斑驳白化现象对蝙蝠的正常生存与繁殖未造成严重影响。这为将来斑驳白化蝙蝠的生理生态研究提供科学依据。 相似文献
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目的:分析包括白毛黑眼兔在内的四个品种实验兔的虹膜和皮肤组织中的黑色素分布情况和相互之间的差异。方法通过组织切片和硫酸亚铁染色,对四个品种实验兔的虹膜和皮肤组织中的黑色素含量和分布进行了观察与比较。结果与其背景白化品种相比,白毛黑眼兔不仅在虹膜组织中出现了类型完整的黑色素,而且在其表型为白色的皮肤的毛囊中也出现了低含量的黑色素。结论本结果为白毛黑眼兔突变表型机理研究提供了一定线索。 相似文献
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眼-皮肤型白化病及其遗传特点曹熙芳(湖北医学院附属第一医院卫生学校武昌430060)白化病是一种由遗传因素造成黑色素形成障碍的疾病。此病有眼一皮肤型和眼型2类。最常见的是全身皮肤、毛发和眼睛都缺乏色素的白化病,叫眼一皮肤型白化病,本文主要介绍论这种白... 相似文献
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贵州习水发现亚洲宽耳蝠 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
物种分布是物种的生物地理学基本特征,能反映生物多样性的重要信息。近年来,翼手目(Chiroptera)蝙蝠科(Vespertilionidae)宽耳蝠属(Barbastella)物种分布记录不断增加。根据形态学特征和地理分布,基本可区分宽耳蝠属的不同物种。2019年8月16日于贵州省习水县同民镇雷声村用网捕法采集到1只雄性宽耳蝠。该样本前臂长36.16mm;外耳廓近似方形,具有明显横嵴;双耳在额部相连;耳外缘无耳突;耳屏呈三角形,耳屏长(6.92 mm)约为耳长(13.81 mm)的一半。经鉴定,该物种为亚洲宽耳蝠(Barbastella leucomelas),是贵州省翼手目分布新记录种。 相似文献
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Data on some morphological characteristics of 165 male and 229 female sand gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa marica) collected during routine veterinary activity of a captive population at the King Khalid Wildlife Research Centre in central
Saudi Arabia were examined for general baseline information on a little studied species. Measurements compared between the
sexes and three age classes—juvenile, sub-adult and adult—included body mass, horn length (straight and curved), horn spread,
neck circumference, shoulder height, forehead length, ear length and horn length (curved) to forehead and ear length ratios.
All measurements were of known age individuals. The most valuable characteristics to use for age determination in the field
are horn length (curved) and neck circumference for males and horn length (straight and/or curved) and shoulder height for
females. The value of morphological characteristics correlated to known age animals for in situ management is discussed. 相似文献
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采用PCR技术获得了翼手目(菊头蝠总科、蝙蝠科以及鞘尾蝠科)16种19个个体的核基因重组激活基因2(Recombination activating gene,RAG2)部分序列,长度为730~760 bp.结合从Genbank中提取的翼手目3科14个体的RAG2序列,通过构建贝叶斯(Bayesian inference,BI)和最大似然树对翼手目种属间的系统进化关系进行研究.研究表明:在菊头蝠总科中,菊头蝠科和蹄蝠科是两个独立的科,且在蹄蝠科中,大蹄蝠、中蹄蝠、普氏蹄蝠3种之间的亲缘关系非常近;蝙蝠科中的南蝠属与棕蝠属是姊妹群;长翼蝠亚科应提升为长翼蝠科.此外,鞘尾蝠科与犬吻蝠科形成姊妹群关系. 相似文献
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Summary Comparative studies on the circadian activity rhythm of five neotropical bat species show, that even exclusively tropical Chiroptera yield considerable differences with respect to their light-induced variation of the period length and the time needed for re-entrainment after phase shifts of the Zeitgeber-LD (Figs. 2 and 3). Species with a wide variation range of the period length resynchronize very fast and vice versa. Both reactions suggest the circadian system to have a higher plasticity or a higher sensibility for the exogenous components respectively. The sensibility for these exogenous components is, according to the hitherto results, in general higher within insectivorous Chiroptera species than within frugivorous/nectarivorous to omnivorous species. It is discussed, whether this can be interpreted as a specific adaptation to the demands of a predatory way of life.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. F.P. Möhres on the occasion of his 65th birthdayThis work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Er 59/1-5) 相似文献
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Cooper J. 1985. Biology of the Bank Cormorant, Part 2: Morphometrics, plumage, bare parts and moult. Ostrich 56: 79–85. The Bank cormorant Phalacrocorax neglectus is a medium-sized, heavily built but relatively short-tailed cormorant. Males average 2 107 g, females 1794 g. There are significant differences, but overlaps, in mass, wing length, bill, tarsus and tail length between the sexes of breeding adults. The species is all black; adults have a white rump patch and white filoplumes on the head and neck in prenuptial plumage. The white rump patch is lost during breeding. Bare parts are black except for the iris (the only useful aging character) which is dark brown in juveniles, green in subadults and horizontally divided orange-brown above, green below, in adults. Partial albinism is common but leucism is not. Adults can moult while breeding but it seems likely that most moult occurs outside the breeding season. Adults and a single subadult examined exhibited Staffelmauser or stepwise moult of the primaries. 相似文献