链霉亲和素纯化和鉴定方法的研究*

对链霉亲和素进行纯化、鉴定,采用冷钝化的方法去除培养液中大部分杂蛋白,用亲和层析法从链霉菌L-183的培养液中纯化链霉亲和素(SA),经试验,SA回收率为75%~85%。鉴定表明,自制SA的分子量为74.5kD,每分子SA可结合3.2个生物素分子,活性为11.2U/mg,pI为7.4。自制SA各项生物学性质与文献报道相符。     

链霉亲和素纯化和鉴定方法的研究

对链霉亲和素进行纯化、鉴定,采用冷钝化的方法去除培养液中大部分杂蛋白,用亲和层析法从链霉菌L-183的培养液中纯化链霉亲和素（SA）,经试验,SA回收率为75％～85％。鉴定表明,自制SA的分子量为74．5kD,每分子SA可结合3．2个生物素分子,活性为11．2U／mg,pI为7．4。自制SA各项生物学性质与文献报道相符。     

链霉亲和素及其亲和系统的蛋白质进化

链霉亲和素/生物素（Streptavidin/Biotin）体系作为目前已知的最高亲和力作用体系,已在生物学研究中获得广泛应用。本文针对Streptavidin/Biotin和Strep-Tactin/Strep-tag两个相关系统的演化,分别从链霉亲和素蛋白的结构改造、亲和肽标签优化等方面进行了较为详细的归纳。通过对链霉亲和素蛋白各种突变体的优缺点的比较,有助于实际应用中选择合适的Streptavidin突变体。本文通过对链霉亲和素蛋白质进化的综述,可帮助更准确地理解市场上各种链霉亲和素蛋白的功能和用途,并为深入研究链霉亲和素蛋白的进化提供参考。     

链霉菌Z314的分类鉴定及其转化产物普伐他汀的纯化研究

从土壤中筛选得到1株可转化美伐他汀(compactin)生产普伐他汀(pravastatin)的放线菌Z314,根据形态观察、培养特征、生理生化鉴定以及16S rRNA序列分析,初步判定该菌株为链霉菌属中的黄质产色链霉菌(Streptomyces xanthochromogenes).经发酵条件优化,该菌株转化美伐他汀生产普伐他汀的产量可达1580mg/L,转化率为49.45%.发酵液经中空纤维素柱过滤、大孔树脂吸附和HPLC纯化,普伐他汀的回收率为45.06%,纯度为99.02%,为进一步产业化开发奠定了基础.     

链霉菌H03发酵液中具有抗菌活性多糖的分离纯化及其单糖组成分析

时链霉菌H03发酵产物进行了分离纯化,并对其进行了初步鉴定．对链霉菌H03发酵产物离心,采用减压蒸馏,乙醇沉淀,沉淀组分用Sevage法、盐析法去蛋白,用透析法除去小分子物质以及用Sephadex-100柱层析等技术进行纯化,纯化物质仍具有较强的抗菌活性、利用化学方法、紫外光谱、红外光谱、气质联用等方法分析该抗菌活性物质的理化性质．结果表明：从链霉菌的发酵产物中分离纯化得到的具有抗菌活性物质是多糖,这种多糖是由甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖3种单糖组成的,其组成比例约为2：1：1．     

娄彻氏链霉菌ATCC10739产抗生素Borrelidin发酵条件优化及其分离纯化

对娄彻氏链霉菌ATCC10739固体发酵产生十八元大环内酯抗生素Borrelidin进行了发酵条件的优化。首先筛选得到了理想的发酵培养基;其次考察了发酵时间、起始pH值以及在ISP-2培养基中添加附加碳源、氮源对Borrelidin产量的影响。初步确定最适发酵条件为:ISP-2培养基中添加1%甘油,起始pH值为6.0,培养温度30°C,发酵时间为7 d,产量可达1.336 mg/L。采用有机溶剂萃取、硅胶层析和半制备型高效液相色谱(HPLC)等分离技术纯化得到Borrelidin。     

抗癌胚抗原嵌合重链与核心链霉亲和素基因的融合及 …

将抗癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）单克隆抗体的重链可变区与人的恒定区（Ｃγ３）连接,制备抗癌胚抗原嵌合重链用于放免治疗及其他导向治疗,可减少人抗鼠抗体反应（ＨＡＭＡ）。为纯化及核素标记抗体,将嵌合重链基因与核心链霉亲和素基因融合。融合基因在大肠杆菌得到高效表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白的２４％。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和蛋白质印迹图谱显示表达产物分子量为７０ｋＤ,与其基因编码蛋白质的理论推算值相符。以ＨＲＰ标记的生物素作为     

吸水链霉菌谷氨酰胺转胺酶分离纯化方法改进及结构研究

利用改进的新方法,对吸水链霉菌谷氨酰胺转氨酶(TGase)进行分离纯化.将发酵上清液经过硫酸铵分级盐析后,用Hitrap Q HP阴离子交换柱除掉干扰较大的色素,之后又经Superdex 75 10/300GL凝胶柱和Hitrap Q HP阴离子交换柱的分离,得到高纯度的TGase.纯化后TGase的比活力可达24.5 U/mg,回收率为39.9%.TGase的N-末端前6个氨基酸经测序为DAADER.该研究是对吸水链霉菌TGase的N-末端氨基酸序列的首次报道.将吸水链霉菌TGase的N-末端氨基酸序列与已报道的其它3种链霉菌来源的TGase的N-端氧基酸序列进行比对,序列相似性不高.预测和分析了吸水链霉菌TGase的高级结构,为进一步研究TGase结构和功能的关系,蛋白分子定向改造提供理论依据.     

庆丰链霉菌细菌素的提纯和鉴定

利用Sephadex G25 凝胶过滤和磷酸纤维素层析相结合的方法,将庆丰链霉菌Q3所产生的细菌素——庆丰链霉菌素进行了提纯。这种细菌素是一种分子量为4737的蛋白性质物质,对热、紫外线和所试用的有机溶剂稳定,最适pH处于7.0—9.0。嗜热菌蛋白酶和链霉蛋白酶P可以完全破坏其活性,蛋白酶K能部分减低其活性,但所试验的其它蛋白水解酶类,以及DNA酶和RNA酶均无损其活性。根据庆丰链霉菌素对所测定的革兰氏阳性和阴性菌的生长影响,呈现抑制生长和促进生长,有一部分介于中间类型。     

腐植酸生产菌株——链霉菌发酵条件研究

利用链霉菌ST菌株发酵生产腐植酸。在蔗渣发酵培养基的基础上,采用一次回归正交试验,对腐植酸发酵过程中接种量（I）、通气量（搅拌次数,A）、温度（T）及时间（D）4个因素对腐植酸产量的影响情况进行分析。结果表明发酵时间的影响最为显著,接种量影响显著;所得到的回归方程有效且可信度高,回归方程为Y=6．0356＋0．02501＋0．0033A＋0．0069T＋0．2425D,其中各因素均与腐植酸产量呈正相关性。该回归方程为腐植酸生产过程链霉菌ST菌株发酵条件的控制提供了很好的指导作用。     

Cloning of streptavidin gene from Streptomyces avidinii and its expression in Escherichia coli. Secretion of streptavidin by E. coli cells]

The streptavidin gene from Streptomyces avidinii was cloned, an expression plasmid constructed, and a highly effective strain producer of streptavidin created. It was shown that the leader peptide of streptavidin ensures the effective secretion of this protein into the periplasmic space of Escherichia coli cells. The degradation site of the leader peptide was detected. Upon treatment with the total fraction of proteases secreted by S. avidinii into the culture medium, "core" streptavidin was obtained, which retained the biotin-binding function.     

一株新的a-淀粉酶抑制剂生产菌株ZG0656及其产物的发酵、分离、性质与应用

从土壤中分离并筛选得到了一株a-淀粉酶抑制剂生产菌, 编号ZG0656。根据形态特征、培养特征、生理生化特征、细胞壁化学组成特征和16S rDNA全序列相似性比较分析等多相分类方法, 确认菌株ZG0656为天蓝黄链霉菌的新变种, 命名为天蓝黄链霉菌南开变种(Streptomyces coelicoflavus var. nankaiensis)。该菌经10 L发酵罐水平发酵, 发酵液中可积累一定量的a-淀粉酶抑制剂。采用浓缩, 树脂吸附, 凝胶过滤, 减压干燥等方法得到a-淀粉酶抑制剂混合物。该a-淀粉酶抑制剂为含氮的拟低聚糖类物质, 能强烈抑制哺乳动物来源的a-淀粉酶, 对餐后高血糖的形成有明显改善作用, 可用于制备治疗糖尿病、肥胖症的药物或功能性食品。     

Secretion of streptavidin from Bacillus subtilis.

Streptavidin is an extracellular tetrameric protein produced by Streptomyces avidinii. A series of hybrid gene fusions consisting of Bacillus signal peptide coding regions fused to the mature streptavidin sequence were constructed. B. subtilis strains harboring these plasmids accumulate a tetrameric streptavidin in the growth medium. The properties of the streptavidin produced by B. subtilis are similar to those of the streptavidin produced by S. avidinii. B. subtilis strains carrying the various fusions can be grown to a high cell density in a biotin-free medium. Thus, B. subtilis represents an alternate host system for the production of streptavidin.     

Taxonomy of the Streptomyces strain ZG0656 that produces acarviostatin α-amylase inhibitors and analysis of their effects on blood glucose levels in mammalian systems

Aims:  To clarify the taxonomic status of strain ZG0656 and analyse the effects of its acarviostatin products on blood glucose levels in mammalian systems.
Methods and Results:  Our program to screen for new α-amylase inhibitors led to the isolation of strain ZG0656. The polyphasic taxonomic study revealed that strain ZG0656 represents a novel variation of Streptomyces coelicoflavus , for which we propose the name S. coelicoflavus var. nankaiensis . Four chemically distinct α-amylase inhibitors, acarviostatins I03, II03, III03 and IV03, were isolated from strain ZG0656. Acarviostatins III03 and IV03 are both novel oligomers. All four acarviostatins are mixed noncompetitive porcine pancreas α-amylase inhibitors. Acarviostatin III03 is the most potent α-amylase inhibitor known to date. Moreover, in the in vitro and in vivo experiments, acarviostatins III03 showed significant inhibition of starch hydrolysis and glucose transfer to blood.
Conclusions:  Strain ZG0656 is a novel variation of S. coelicoflavus, whose products are novel effective α-amylase inhibitors. Among the products, acarviostatins III03 could significantly depress blood glucose levels in mammalian systems and be developed towards a possible therapeutic agent for diabetes.
Significance and Impact of the Study:  Acarviostatin III03 is the most potent α-amylase inhibitor known to date. The oligomer will benefit the research on the relationship between α-amylase and various inhibitors and will offer more choices in diabetes treatments.     

Improvement of production,assay and purification of streptavidin

Summary The production of streptavidin byStreptomyces avidinii in several different media was examined at 24, 48 and 72 hours. Flask studies indicated that fermentation media containing either complex or multiple carbon sources resulted in higher yields of streptavidin than media with a single carbon source. Streptavidin could be detected in crude fermentation broths by use of a tritiated biotin binding assay. This assay appears to give useful estimates of streptavidin production. Depending upon the medium employed, streptavidin yields ranged from 0.5 mg/l to 53 mg/l. Production was successfully scaled up to ten liter fermentors. Streptavidin was purified in a one step process from centrifuged, concentrated fermentation broths by binding the protein to an iminobiotin column at pH 11 followed by elution at pH 4.0. Recovery percentages varied depending upon the solubility of the fermentation media ingredients.     

产帕曲星菌株的选育、抗菌物质纯化及结构鉴定

链霉菌SIPI—A．2020是本实验室分离保藏的一株可能产生帕曲星的放线菌,本文对此菌株培养与发酵、抗菌活性物质的分离纯化及其结构验证进行了研究。经过菌种选育与发酵条件优化,与出发菌株相比,主要发酵产物X的发酵效价提高89．3％;通过对发酵液的分离纯化,得到了HPLC纯度分别为96．3％和95．6％的两个组分,经进一步UV、MS、NMR等分析,验证其为帕曲星B和帕曲星A。     

Genetic engineering of streptavidin,a versatile affinity tag

Streptavidin, a tetrameric protein produced by Streptomyces avidinii, has been used as a useful, versatile affinity tag in a variety of biological applications. The efficacy of streptavidin is derived from its extremely high binding affinity for the vitamin biotin. For the last several years, we have used genetic engineering as a primary means to enhance the properties of streptavidin and to expand the application of streptavidin as an affinity tag. In this review, we describe several genetically engineered streptavidin variants, which include a streptavidin with a reduced biotin-binding affinity, a dimeric streptavidin, and a fusion protein between streptavidin and protein A, along with their potential applications in biological science.     

Purification and characterization of recombinant Streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase

Recombinant Streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase (SGAP) was produced using Cangene's expression system, CANGENUS. This heat-stable aminopeptidase with an N-terminal Ala-Pro-Asp-Ile-Pro-Leu-Ala-Asn-Val-Lys-Ala sequence was purified from 16L of Streptomyces lividans fermentation supernatant with high purity and 19.5% recovery rate. This was achieved by the combination of hydrophobic-interaction and size-exclusion chromatographic procedures. The calcium-activated zinc metalloprotein demonstrated no loss of activity at -20 degrees C for at least 8 weeks in both liquid and freeze-dried formulations. The recombinant SGAP showed an apparent molecular mass of 31 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 26.8 kDa by gel filtration. The simple, high-yield, inexpensive purification method with few intermediate steps provides a novel and practical procedure for large-scale production of active recombinant S. griseus aminopeptidase.     

代谢改造克雷伯氏菌合成D-1,2,4-丁三醇

【背景】D-1,2,4-丁三醇(D-1,2,4-butanetriol,BT)是一种重要的四碳多元醇,应用范围广,以木糖为底物的四步生化反应是目前最高效的BT生物合成路线。但大肠杆菌宿主存在严重的碳代谢抑制,限制了工程菌在木糖葡萄糖混合糖下的生长和BT合成。然而克雷伯氏菌具有生长速度更快、葡萄糖木糖混合糖利用效果好等优点。【目的】在碳代谢抑制效应较弱的克雷伯氏菌中构建以木糖为底物的BT合成途径,以提高混合糖下BT合成能力。【方法】将来源于Clostridium crescenti的木糖脱氢酶基因xdh和来源于Lactococcus lactis的2-酮异戊酸脱羧酶基因kivD及来源于Escherichia coli W3110的木糖酸脱水酶基因yjhG克隆至KlebsiellapneumoniaeZG25,得到重组菌K.pneumoniae ZG25-BT,对重组菌进行培养条件和培养基优化,进一步敲除xylA以提高BT产量。【结果】在37°C、200 r/min、接种量1%、诱导时间2 h、添加10.0 g/L CaCO3控制pH条件下,敲除xylA的重组菌在1.5倍LB培养基中以30.0 g/L木糖和10.0 g/L葡萄糖为底物,BT的产量达到4.52 g/L,摩尔转化率为0.21mol/mol,收率为15%,较优化前分别提高150%、62%和67%。【结论】实现了BT在K.pneumoniaeZG25中的发酵生产,同时通过培养条件和培养基的优化及xylA的敲除提高了BT合成能力,为进一步实验奠定了基础。